Comprehensive Stock Comparison
Compare Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) vs SAP SE (SAP) vs Uber Technologies, Inc. (UBER) vs Full Truck Alliance Co. Ltd. (YMM) vs Tyler Technologies, Inc. (TYL) Stock
Analyze side-by-side fundamentals, valuation, growth, and profitability to decide which stock is the better buy.
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Quick Verdict
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth |  YMM | 33.2% revenue growth vs SAP's 3.4% |
| Value |  KARO | Lower P/E (1.4x vs 29.4x), PEG 0.09 vs 2.76 |
| Quality / Margins | YMM | 34.4% net margin vs TYL's 13.5% |
| Stability / Safety |  TYL | Beta 0.68 vs UBER's 1.12, lower leverage |
| Dividends | KARO | 2.6% yield, 4-year raise streak, vs SAP's 1.3% |
| Momentum (1Y) | KARO | +9.3% vs TYL's -41.1% |
| Efficiency (ROA) | KARO | 19.6% ROA vs TYL's 5.6%, ROIC 34.4% vs 6.7% |
Who Each Stock Is For
Income & stability
KARODividend streak 4 yrs, beta 0.99, yield 2.6%
Growth exposure
YMMRev growth 33.2%, EPS growth 47.0%, 3Y rev CAGR 34.1%
Long-term compounding (10Y)
SAP181.6% 10Y total return vs TYL's 200.5%
Sleep-well-at-night portfolio
TYLLower volatility, beta 0.68, Low D/E 18.8%, current ratio 1.35x
Valuation efficiency (growth/$)
KAROPEG 0.09 vs SAP's 4.08
Defensive / Recession hedge
YMMBeta 0.96, yield 1.6%, current ratio 9.03x
Business Model
What each company does and how it makes money
Karooooo operates a mobility software-as-a-service platform that provides real-time vehicle tracking, fleet management, and logistics solutions primarily for commercial fleets across multiple continents. The company generates revenue through subscription-based SaaS fees for its telematics platform—which includes fleet management, asset tracking, and insurance analytics services—with the majority coming from recurring subscriptions. Its competitive advantage lies in its comprehensive, integrated platform that combines real-time data analytics with deep operational insights, creating switching costs for fleet operators who rely on its ecosystem for efficiency and risk management.
SAP is a global enterprise software company that provides business applications, technology platforms, and cloud services for organizations worldwide. It generates revenue primarily through software licenses and cloud subscriptions — with cloud services now representing over 40% of total revenue — along with consulting and support services. The company's key advantage is its deep integration across business functions — from finance to supply chain to HR — creating switching costs and network effects within its large enterprise customer base.
Uber operates a global platform connecting riders with drivers for transportation and connecting consumers with restaurants and stores for delivery services. It generates revenue primarily from its Mobility segment — taking a commission from ride fares — and its Delivery segment — taking fees from restaurant and grocery orders, with both segments contributing roughly equal shares. Its key advantage is its massive two-sided network effect — the more drivers and restaurants on the platform, the better the service for consumers, creating a powerful moat that's difficult for competitors to replicate at scale.
Full Truck Alliance operates China's largest digital freight platform connecting shippers with truckers for efficient logistics matching. It generates revenue primarily from freight brokerage commissions and value-added services — including credit solutions, insurance brokerage, and energy services — with its core matching platform driving the majority of earnings. The company's network effects create a powerful moat, as its massive scale of shippers and truckers makes it increasingly difficult for competitors to match its liquidity and efficiency.
Tyler Technologies is a software company that provides integrated information management solutions exclusively for the public sector — including government agencies, courts, schools, and utilities. It generates revenue primarily through enterprise software licensing and maintenance fees (roughly 70% of revenue), appraisal and tax software services (about 20%), and digital government services through its NIC segment (around 10%). The company's key competitive advantage is its deep specialization in public sector workflows — creating high switching costs through mission-critical, integrated systems that span entire government operations.
Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
Segment breakdown not available.
Financial Metrics Comparison
Side-by-side fundamentals across 5 stocks. BestLagging
Financial Scorecard
KARO 2YMM 1SAP 0
UBER 0TYL 0YMM3/6 metricsKARO3/9 metricsKARO2/2 metricsKARO leads in 2 of 6 categories (Profitability & Efficiency, Analyst Outlook). YMM leads in 1 (Financial Metrics). 3 tied.
Financial Metrics (TTM)
UBER is the larger business by revenue, generating $52.0B annually — 22.3x TYL's $2.3B. YMM is the more profitable business, keeping 34.4% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to TYL's 13.5%. On growth, UBER holds the edge at +20.1% YoY revenue growth, suggesting stronger near-term business momentum.
| Metric | KAROKarooooo Ltd. | SAPSAP SE | UBERUber Technologies… | YMMFull Truck Allian… | TYLTyler Technologie… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $5.2B | $36.7B | $52.0B | $12.1B | $2.3B |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | $2.2B | $11.5B | $6.3B | $4.0B | $462M |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | $1.0B | $7.3B | $10.1B | $4.2B | $316M |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | $0 | $8.4B | $9.8B | $0 | $638M |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | +69.3% | +73.3% | +39.8% | +71.3% | +45.3% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | +27.7% | +27.0% | +10.7% | +32.4% | +15.3% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | +19.5% | +19.9% | +19.3% | +34.4% | +13.5% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | +20.3% | +22.9% | +18.8% | +25.8% | +27.3% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | +17.8% | +2.3% | +20.1% | +17.2% | +6.3% |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | +9.2% | +14.7% | -95.6% | +29.4% | +0.7% |
Valuation Metrics
At 16.3x trailing earnings, UBER trades at a 73% valuation discount to TYL's 60.9x P/E. Adjusting for growth (PEG ratio), KARO offers better value at 1.64x vs TYL's 5.72x — a lower PEG means you pay less per unit of expected earnings growth.
| Metric | KAROKarooooo Ltd. | SAPSAP SE | UBERUber Technologies… | YMMFull Truck Allian… | TYLTyler Technologie… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $1.5B | $227.8B | $159.3B | $19.4B | $15.8B |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $1.4B | $227.6B | $165.0B | $18.6B | $15.7B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | 26.26x | 28.16x | 16.27x | 21.37x | 60.85x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 1.40x | 26.95x | 22.76x | 1.91x | 29.37x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | 1.64x | 4.26x | — | — | 5.72x |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | 11.42x | 17.61x | 26.17x | 50.22x | 34.82x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | 5.30x | 5.56x | 3.06x | 11.92x | 7.41x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 7.43x | 4.38x | 5.75x | 1.72x | 4.73x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | 26.04x | 24.75x | 16.31x | 46.27x | 26.22x |
Profitability & Efficiency
UBER delivers a 35.8% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $36 in annual profit, vs $6 for TYL. YMM carries lower financial leverage with a 0.00x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to UBER's 0.48x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), SAP scores 9/9 vs KARO's 6/9, reflecting strong financial health.
| Metric | KAROKarooooo Ltd. | SAPSAP SE | UBERUber Technologies… | YMMFull Truck Allian… | TYLTyler Technologie… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | +31.6% | +16.2% | +35.8% | +10.5% | +5.6% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | +19.6% | +10.4% | +16.3% | +9.8% | +5.6% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | +34.4% | +16.1% | +13.6% | +6.0% | +6.7% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | +37.6% | +18.3% | +12.5% | +6.7% | +7.7% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 7 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 0.22x | 0.18x | 0.48x | 0.00x | 0.19x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | -$319M | -$149M | -$6.3B | -$5.7B | -$106M |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $1.0B | $8.2B | $7.7B | $5.8B | $745M |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $728M | $8.1B | $13.5B | $65M | $638M |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | 28.64x | 8.94x | 17.29x | — | 124.09x |
Total Returns (with DRIP)
A $10,000 investment in SAP five years ago would be worth $16,878 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $4,387 for YMM. Over the past 12 months, KARO leads with a +9.3% total return vs TYL's -41.1%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors UBER at 31.3% vs TYL's 4.8% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | KAROKarooooo Ltd. | SAPSAP SE | UBERUber Technologies… | YMMFull Truck Allian… | TYLTyler Technologie… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | +6.2% | -17.4% | -7.5% | -19.0% | -15.5% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | +9.3% | -30.8% | +0.2% | -29.8% | -41.1% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +102.4% | +69.4% | +126.2% | +15.0% | +15.0% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +50.7% | +68.8% | +38.0% | -56.1% | -8.2% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +50.7% | +181.6% | +84.4% | -56.1% | +200.5% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | +26.5% | +19.2% | +31.3% | +4.8% | +4.8% |
Risk & Volatility
TYL is the less volatile stock with a 0.68 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than UBER's 1.12 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. UBER currently trades 75.2% from its 52-week high vs TYL's 58.8% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | KAROKarooooo Ltd. | SAPSAP SE | UBERUber Technologies… | YMMFull Truck Allian… | TYLTyler Technologie… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | 0.99x | 0.86x | 1.12x | 0.96x | 0.68x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $63.36 | $313.28 | $101.99 | $14.07 | $626.56 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $35.88 | $187.94 | $60.63 | $8.91 | $283.72 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +74.9% | +62.4% | +75.2% | +64.7% | +58.8% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 46.4 | 39.1 | 52.0 | 29.4 | 54.0 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 45K | 2.9M | 19.9M | 8.3M | 637K |
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: KARO as "Buy", SAP as "Buy", UBER as "Buy", YMM as "Buy", TYL as "Buy". Consensus price targets imply 112.4% upside for SAP (target: $415) vs 28.1% for YMM (target: $12). For income investors, KARO offers the higher dividend yield at 2.58% vs SAP's 1.33%.
| Metric | KAROKarooooo Ltd. | SAPSAP SE | UBERUber Technologies… | YMMFull Truck Allian… | TYLTyler Technologie… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Buy | Buy | Buy | Buy | Buy |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $61.00 | $415.33 | $105.04 | $11.67 | $473.91 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 3 | 43 | 61 | 3 | 35 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | +2.6% | +1.3% | — | +1.6% | — |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | 4 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | $20.21 | $2.24 | — | $1.02 | — |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | +0.0% | +0.9% | +4.1% | +0.4% | 0.0% |
Historical Charts
Charts are rendered on first load. Hover for details.
Chart 1Total Return — 5 Years (Rebased to 100)
| Stock | Jul 21 | Mar 26 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) | 100 | 129.42 | +29.4% |
| SAP SE (SAP) | 100 | 139.5 | +39.5% |
| Uber Technologies, … (UBER) | 100 | 150.13 | +50.1% |
| Full Truck Alliance… (YMM) | 86.51 | 43.35 | -49.9% |
| Tyler Technologies,… (TYL) | 100 | 77.24 | -22.8% |
SAP SE (SAP) returned +69% over 5 years vs Full Truck Alliance… (YMM)'s -56%. A $10,000 investment in SAP 5 years ago would be worth $16,878 today (including dividends reinvested).
Chart 2Revenue Growth — 10 Years
| Stock | 2016 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) | $1.8B | $4.6B | +160.0% |
| SAP SE (SAP) | $22.1B | $35.3B | +60.2% |
| Uber Technologies, … (UBER) | $3.8B | $52.0B | +1252.8% |
| Full Truck Alliance… (YMM) | $2.5B | $11.2B | +354.4% |
| Tyler Technologies,… (TYL) | $756M | $2.1B | +182.8% |
SAP SE's revenue grew from $22.1B (2016) to $35.3B (2025) — a 5.4% CAGR.
Chart 3Net Margin Trend — 10 Years
| Stock | 2016 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) | 11.0% | 20.2% | +83.4% |
| SAP SE (SAP) | 16.5% | 19.9% | +20.6% |
| Uber Technologies, … (UBER) | -9.6% | 19.3% | +300.8% |
| Full Truck Alliance… (YMM) | -61.6% | 27.3% | +144.3% |
| Tyler Technologies,… (TYL) | 14.5% | 12.3% | -15.3% |
SAP SE's net margin went from 17% (2016) to 20% (2025).
Chart 4P/E Ratio History — 9 Years
| Stock | 2017 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) | 3.1 | 1.5 | -51.6% |
| SAP SE (SAP) | 33.5 | 40.6 | +21.2% |
| Uber Technologies, … (UBER) | 70.8 | 17.3 | -75.6% |
| Full Truck Alliance… (YMM) | 20 | 3.7 | -81.5% |
| Tyler Technologies,… (TYL) | 41 | 95.3 | +132.4% |
Karooooo Ltd. has traded in a 1x–3x P/E range over 5 years; current trailing P/E is ~26x. SAP SE has traded in a 29x–93x P/E range over 9 years; current trailing P/E is ~28x.
Chart 5EPS Growth — 10 Years
| Stock | 2016 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) | 9.5 | 29.81 | +213.8% |
| SAP SE (SAP) | 3.03 | 5.99 | +97.7% |
| Uber Technologies, … (UBER) | -0.24 | 4.71 | +2062.5% |
| Full Truck Alliance… (YMM) | -1.42 | 2.94 | +307.0% |
| Tyler Technologies,… (TYL) | 2.92 | 6.05 | +107.2% |
SAP SE's EPS grew from $3.03 (2016) to $5.99 (2025) — a 8% CAGR.
Chart 6Free Cash Flow — 5 Years
Karooooo Ltd. generated $929M FCF in 2025 (+125% vs 2021). SAP SE generated $8B FCF in 2025 (+44% vs 2021).
KARO vs SAP vs UBER vs YMM vs TYL: Key Questions Answered
9 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL a better buy right now?
Uber Technologies, Inc. (UBER) offers the better valuation at 16.3x trailing P/E (22.8x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) a "Buy" — based on 3 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL?
On trailing P/E, Uber Technologies, Inc. (UBER) is the cheapest at 16.3x versus Tyler Technologies, Inc. at 60.9x. On forward P/E, Karooooo Ltd. is actually cheaper at 1.4x — notably different from the trailing picture, reflecting expected earnings growth. The PEG ratio (P/E divided by earnings growth rate) is the most growth-adjusted single valuation metric: Karooooo Ltd. wins at 0.09x versus SAP SE's 4.08x — a PEG below 1.0 traditionally signals the market is underpricing earnings growth.
03Which is the better long-term investment — KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL?
Over the past 5 years, SAP SE (SAP) delivered a total return of +68.8%, compared to -56.1% for Full Truck Alliance Co. Ltd. (YMM). A $10,000 investment in SAP five years ago would be worth approximately $17K today (assuming dividends reinvested). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: TYL returned +200.5% versus YMM's -56.1%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), Tyler Technologies, Inc. (TYL) is the lower-risk stock at 0.68β versus Uber Technologies, Inc.'s 1.12β — meaning UBER is approximately 64% more volatile than TYL relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, Full Truck Alliance Co. Ltd. (YMM) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 0% versus 48% for Uber Technologies, Inc. — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which has better profit margins — KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL?
Full Truck Alliance Co. Ltd. (YMM) is the more profitable company, earning 27.3% net margin versus 12.3% for Tyler Technologies, Inc. — meaning it keeps 27.3% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: KARO leads at 28.7% versus 10.7% for UBER. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — YMM leads at 86.6%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
06Is KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL more undervalued right now?
The PEG ratio (forward P/E divided by expected earnings growth rate) is the most precise measure of undervaluation relative to growth potential. By this metric, Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) is the more undervalued stock at a PEG of 0.09x versus SAP SE's 4.08x. A PEG below 1.0 is traditionally considered the threshold for growth-adjusted undervaluation. On forward earnings alone, Karooooo Ltd. (KARO) trades at 1.4x forward P/E versus 29.4x for Tyler Technologies, Inc. — 28.0x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for SAP: 112.4% to $415.33.
07Which pays a better dividend — KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL?
In this comparison, KARO (2.6% yield), YMM (1.6% yield), SAP (1.3% yield) pay a dividend. UBER, TYL do not pay a meaningful dividend and should not be held primarily for income.
08Is KARO or SAP or UBER or YMM or TYL better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, SAP SE (SAP) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding (low volatility (β 0.86), 1.3% yield, +181.6% 10Y return). Both have compounded well over 10 years (SAP: +181.6%, UBER: +84.4%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
09What are the main differences between KARO and SAP and UBER and YMM and TYL?
Both stocks operate in the Technology sector, making this a peer-level intra-sector comparison — the same macro tailwinds and headwinds will affect both. In terms of investment character: KARO is a small-cap quality compounder stock; SAP is a large-cap quality compounder stock; UBER is a mid-cap deep-value stock; YMM is a mid-cap quality compounder stock; TYL is a mid-cap quality compounder stock. KARO, SAP, YMM pay a dividend while UBER, TYL do not, making them suitable for different income and tax situations. These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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