Comprehensive Stock Comparison
Compare Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) vs Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (AGIO) vs Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (VRTX) Stock
Analyze side-by-side fundamentals, valuation, growth, and profitability to decide which stock is the better buy.
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Quick Verdict
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | AGIO | 48.0% revenue growth vs PTGX's -100.0% |
| Value | PTGX | Better valuation composite |
| Quality / Margins | VRTX | 31.3% net margin vs AGIO's -9.0% |
| Stability / Safety | VRTX | Beta 0.44 vs AGIO's 0.91 |
| Dividends | Tie | Neither pays a meaningful dividend |
| Momentum (1Y) | PTGX | +145.0% vs AGIO's -14.9% |
| Efficiency (ROA) | VRTX | 14.8% ROA vs AGIO's -29.0%, ROIC 22.8% vs -26.6% |
Who Each Stock Is For
Income & stability
Growth exposure
Long-term compounding (10Y)
Sleep-well-at-night portfolio
Defensive / Recession hedge
Business Model
What each company does and how it makes money
Protagonist Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing peptide-based drugs for blood disorders and inflammatory diseases. It generates revenue primarily through collaboration agreements — notably with Janssen Biotech — and has no commercial products yet, relying on milestone payments and potential future royalties. The company's key advantage is its proprietary peptide discovery platform that enables the development of orally available peptide therapeutics, a challenging area in drug development.
Agios Pharmaceuticals is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing treatments for rare genetic diseases related to cellular metabolism. It generates revenue primarily from sales of its lead drug PYRUKYND for pyruvate kinase deficiency — with additional income from research collaborations and milestone payments — while advancing a pipeline of other metabolic therapies. The company's competitive advantage lies in its deep expertise in cellular metabolism science and proprietary platform for targeting metabolic pathways in rare diseases.
Vertex Pharmaceuticals is a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing transformative medicines for serious diseases, with its flagship franchise targeting cystic fibrosis. It generates nearly all its revenue from CF therapies — primarily Trikafta/Kaftrio — while building a pipeline in pain, kidney disease, and type 1 diabetes. Its moat stems from deep scientific expertise in CFTR biology and a dominant, near-monopoly position in the CF treatment market.
Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
Financial Metrics Comparison
Side-by-side fundamentals across 3 stocks. BestLagging
Financial Scorecard
VRTX leads in 2 of 6 categories (Financial Metrics, Profitability & Efficiency). PTGX leads in 1 (Total Returns). 2 tied.
Financial Metrics (TTM)
VRTX and PTGX operate at a comparable scale, with $11.7B and $0 in trailing revenue. VRTX is the more profitable business, keeping 31.3% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to AGIO's -9.0%. On growth, AGIO holds the edge at +43.7% YoY revenue growth, suggesting stronger near-term business momentum.
| Metric | PTGXProtagonist Thera… | AGIOAgios Pharmaceuti… | VRTXVertex Pharmaceut… |
|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $0 | $45M | $11.7B |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | -$158M | -$470M | $4.2B |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | -$130M | -$401M | $3.7B |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | $58M | -$414M | $3.3B |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | — | +84.4% | +86.3% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | — | -10.6% | +34.1% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | — | -9.0% | +31.3% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | — | -9.2% | +28.5% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | -122.6% | +43.7% | +11.0% |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | -134.8% | -111.0% | +4.7% |
Valuation Metrics
| Metric | PTGXProtagonist Thera… | AGIOAgios Pharmaceuti… | VRTXVertex Pharmaceut… |
|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $5.8B | $2.25T | $126.2B |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $5.6B | $2.25T | $124.8B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | -44.92x | -4.25x | 32.43x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 25.45x | — | 25.66x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | — | — | 3.91x |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | — | — | 26.63x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | — | 9999.00x | 10.52x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 9.52x | 1.47x | 6.87x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | 99.91x | — | 39.51x |
Profitability & Efficiency
VRTX delivers a 21.2% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $21 in annual profit, vs $-31 for AGIO. PTGX carries lower financial leverage with a 0.02x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to VRTX's 0.20x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), VRTX scores 5/9 vs AGIO's 3/9, reflecting solid financial health.
| Metric | PTGXProtagonist Thera… | AGIOAgios Pharmaceuti… | VRTXVertex Pharmaceut… |
|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | -21.2% | -31.2% | +21.2% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | -19.5% | -29.0% | +14.8% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | -21.8% | -26.6% | +22.8% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | -24.0% | -33.8% | +23.0% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 0.02x | 0.03x | 0.20x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | -$118M | -$49M | $3.7B |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $128M | $89M | $5.1B |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $10M | $40M | $3.7B |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | — | — | 348.55x |
Total Returns (with DRIP)
A $10,000 investment in PTGX five years ago would be worth $34,422 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $6,363 for AGIO. Over the past 12 months, PTGX leads with a +145.0% total return vs AGIO's -14.9%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors PTGX at 78.4% vs AGIO's 6.1% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | PTGXProtagonist Thera… | AGIOAgios Pharmaceuti… | VRTXVertex Pharmaceut… |
|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | +5.6% | +11.2% | +9.9% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | +145.0% | -14.9% | +3.6% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +467.7% | +19.4% | +71.1% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +244.2% | -36.4% | +136.2% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +687.0% | -21.2% | +481.2% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | +78.4% | +6.1% | +19.6% |
Risk & Volatility
PTGX is the less volatile stock with a -0.11 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than AGIO's 0.91 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. VRTX currently trades 95.6% from its 52-week high vs AGIO's 65.7% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | PTGXProtagonist Thera… | AGIOAgios Pharmaceuti… | VRTXVertex Pharmaceut… |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | -0.11x | 0.91x | 0.44x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $96.54 | $46.00 | $519.68 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $35.97 | $22.24 | $362.50 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +95.4% | +65.7% | +95.6% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 62.7 | 62.3 | 54.6 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 594K | 948K | 1.2M |
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: PTGX as "Buy", AGIO as "Buy", VRTX as "Buy". Consensus price targets imply 37.3% upside for AGIO (target: $42) vs 9.7% for VRTX (target: $545).
| Metric | PTGXProtagonist Thera… | AGIOAgios Pharmaceuti… | VRTXVertex Pharmaceut… |
|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Buy | Buy | Buy |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $111.75 | $41.50 | $545.08 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 24 | 29 | 55 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | — | — | — |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | — | — | — |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | — | — | — |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | 0.0% | 0.0% | +1.6% |
Historical Charts
Charts are rendered on first load. Hover for details.
Chart 1Total Return — 5 Years (Rebased to 100)
| Stock | Mar 20 | Feb 26 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protagonist Therape… (PTGX) | 100 | 1,048.61 | +948.6% |
| Agios Pharmaceutica… (AGIO) | 100 | 57.07 | -42.9% |
| Vertex Pharmaceutic… (VRTX) | 100 | 203.2 | +103.2% |
Protagonist Therape… (PTGX) returned +244% over 5 years vs Agios Pharmaceutica… (AGIO)'s -36%. A $10,000 investment in PTGX 5 years ago would be worth $34,422 today (including dividends reinvested).
Chart 2Revenue Growth — 10 Years
| Stock | 2016 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protagonist Therape… (PTGX) | $0.00 | $0.00 | — |
| Agios Pharmaceutica… (AGIO) | $70M | $54M | -22.7% |
| Vertex Pharmaceutic… (VRTX) | $1.7B | $12.0B | +605.1% |
Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc.'s revenue grew from $0M (2016) to $0M (2025) — a 0.0% CAGR. Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s revenue grew from $70M (2016) to $54M (2025) — a -2.8% CAGR.
Chart 3Net Margin Trend — 10 Years
| Stock | 2016 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protagonist Therape… (PTGX) | -184.2% | 63.3% | +134.4% |
| Agios Pharmaceutica… (AGIO) | -2.8% | -7.6% | -169.0% |
| Vertex Pharmaceutic… (VRTX) | -6.6% | 32.9% | +600.4% |
Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s net margin went from -3% (2016) to -8% (2025).
Chart 4P/E Ratio History — 8 Years
| Stock | 2017 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vertex Pharmaceutic… (VRTX) | 144.1 | 29.6 | -79.5% |
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated has traded in a 21x–144x P/E range over 8 years; current trailing P/E is ~32x.
Chart 5EPS Growth — 10 Years
| Stock | 2016 | 2025 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protagonist Therape… (PTGX) | -5.72 | -2.05 | +64.2% |
| Agios Pharmaceutica… (AGIO) | -5.07 | -7.12 | -40.4% |
| Vertex Pharmaceutic… (VRTX) | -0.46 | 15.32 | +3430.4% |
Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc.'s EPS grew from $-5.72 (2016) to $-2.05 (2025). Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s EPS grew from $-5.07 (2016) to $-7.12 (2025).
Chart 6Free Cash Flow — 5 Years
Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. generated $58M FCF in 2025 (+153% vs 2021). Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. generated $-377M FCF in 2025 (+9% vs 2021).
PTGX vs AGIO vs VRTX: Key Questions Answered
9 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is PTGX or AGIO or VRTX a better buy right now?
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (VRTX) offers the better valuation at 32.4x trailing P/E (25.7x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) a "Buy" — based on 24 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — PTGX or AGIO or VRTX?
On forward P/E, Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. is actually cheaper at 25.4x — notably different from the trailing picture, reflecting expected earnings growth.
03Which is the better long-term investment — PTGX or AGIO or VRTX?
Over the past 5 years, Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) delivered a total return of +244.2%, compared to -36.4% for Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (AGIO). A $10,000 investment in PTGX five years ago would be worth approximately $34K today (assuming dividends reinvested). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: PTGX returned +687.0% versus AGIO's -21.2%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — PTGX or AGIO or VRTX?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) is the lower-risk stock at -0.11β versus Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s 0.91β — meaning AGIO is approximately -929% more volatile than PTGX relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 2% versus 20% for Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which has better profit margins — PTGX or AGIO or VRTX?
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (VRTX) is the more profitable company, earning 32.9% net margin versus -764.0% for Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — meaning it keeps 32.9% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: VRTX leads at 39.1% versus -873.9% for AGIO. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — AGIO leads at 88.3%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
06Is PTGX or AGIO or VRTX more undervalued right now?
On forward earnings alone, Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) trades at 25.4x forward P/E versus 25.7x for Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated — 0.2x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for AGIO: 37.3% to $41.50.
07Which pays a better dividend — PTGX or AGIO or VRTX?
None of the stocks in this comparison currently pay a material dividend. All are effectively zero-yield and should be held for capital appreciation rather than income.
08Is PTGX or AGIO or VRTX better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, Protagonist Therapeutics, Inc. (PTGX) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding (low volatility (β -0.11), +687.0% 10Y return). Both have compounded well over 10 years (PTGX: +687.0%, AGIO: -21.2%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
09What are the main differences between PTGX and AGIO and VRTX?
Both stocks operate in the Healthcare sector, making this a peer-level intra-sector comparison — the same macro tailwinds and headwinds will affect both. These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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