Microsoft Corporation (MSFT) Intrinsic Value

DCF-based fair value calculation with Bear, Base, and Bull scenarios

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Microsoft Corporation (MSFT)

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Intrinsic Value (DCF)

Current$470.67
Intrinsic$374.89
-20%
$232.92$374.89$717.88
Market implies 25% growth for 5 years
MSFT trades at a premium to our conservative estimate — investors expect above-average performance.
At $471, the market prices in continued strong cash flow growth (25%) — likely reflecting buybacks, margin stability, and ecosystem strength.
Range: Bear $233 → Bull $718. Current price implies expectations above the base case, closer to bull expectations.
Discount ↓Growth →15%17%19%21%
6%$539$586$636$690
8%$319$346$375$406
10%$224$242$262$283
12%$171$185$200$216

Bull Case

  • Bull case ($718) offers 53% upside at 23% growth, 7% discount

Bear Case

  • Bear case ($233) implies 51% downside at 15% growth, 10% discount
  • Price reflects 25% growth expectations vs 19% historical — high bar to clear
  • Trading 20% above base case — execution must exceed assumptions to justify
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5-Year Free Cash Flow Projection

Year 1$85.09B
Year 2$101.10B
Year 3$120.12B
Year 4$142.72B
Year 5$169.58B
Terminal$3.46T

📐 Model Inputs

Growth Rate18.8%5Y CAGR (cascade: 5Y→3Y→TTM)
Discount Rate8.1%WACC estimate
Terminal Growth3.0%Perpetuity rate
Base Free Cash Flow$71.61BTTM actual
Bear g×0.8, r+2%
Base Historical CAGR
Bull g×1.2, r−1.5%
ℹ️

DCF estimates based on historical growth rates extrapolated forward. See FAQ below for full methodology.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is MSFT stock undervalued or overvalued?
🔴 OVERVALUED

MSFT trades at $470.67 vs. our DCF-derived intrinsic value of $283.56, implying -41% downside. Using a 8.1% WACC and 18.8% FCF growth assumption, the current price requires growth rates above our estimates to be justified. Even our bull case ($452.72) suggests limited upside.

What is MSFT's intrinsic value?

Using a 5-year DCF model: Base FCF of $71.61B, projected at 18.8% 5Y CAGR (best of revenue, EPS, or FCF growth), discounted at 8.1% WACC, with 3.0% terminal growth. Terminal value calculated via Gordon Growth Model: TV = FCF₅ × (1+g) / (WACC−g). After deducting $30.35B net debt and dividing by 7.46B shares: Bear $180.62 | Base $283.56 | Bull $452.72. Current price $470.67 implies -41% to base case.

How is MSFT's fair value calculated?

DCF Methodology:

① Project FCF years 1-5 using 18.8% growth derived from 5-year historical CAGR (best of revenue, EPS, or FCF growth, with 8% floor and 25% cap).

② Calculate terminal value at year 5 using perpetuity growth model with g=3.0%.

③ Discount all cash flows to PV using WACC=8.1%.

④ Sum PV of explicit period + PV of terminal value = Enterprise Value ($2147.09B).

⑤ Subtract net debt, divide by shares outstanding.

Sensitivity analysis available above—adjust WACC ±2% or growth ±3% to stress-test the valuation. Implied EV/FCF multiple: 30.0x.