Free cash flow generation is highly inconsistent, highlighted by a massive $47.9 million inflow in 2025Q2 contrasting with a $23.6 million outflow in 2024Q4, reflecting the unpredictable nature of litigation-driven revenue.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 76.22M | 75.24M | 50.12M | -22.51M | -37.34M | 13.33M | -19.62M | -2.31M | 20.88M | 24.48M | 34.06M | -9.95M | 4.18M | -3.51M | 104.95M | 59.11M | 44.92M | 16.12M | 2.6M | -2.62M | 6.36M | -2.99M | -3.96M | -3.91M | -4.42M | -12.56M | -34.69M | -6.13M | -3.56M | -1.71M | -1.53M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 26.38% | 40.98% | -17.99% | -63.04% | 15.14% | -65.88% | -20.52% | 15.88% | 37.43% | 22.31% | -7.96% | 3.2% | -2.69% | 41.86% | 34.32% | 34.08% | 23.94% | 5.39% | -4.97% | 18.26% | -15.28% | -92.41% | -565.03% | -10288.37% | -50.99% | -60866.67% | -5028.69% | -931.68% | -395.92% | -47.16% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 2187.78% | 50.12% | 322.71% | 39.72% | -380.17% | 167.92% | -750.09% | -111.06% | -14.71% | -28.13% | 442.36% | -337.79% | 219.24% | -103.34% | 77.55% | 31.58% | 178.71% | 519.92% | 199.39% | -141.14% | 312.68% | 24.48% | -1.25% | 11.62% | 64.78% | 63.79% | -465.51% | -72.38% | -108.19% | -11.87% | -178.73% |
| Net Income | -18.35M | 21.68M | -34.7M | 63.15M | -110.94M | 150.37M | 113.44M | -17.13M | -104.85M | 21.68M | -54.8M | -157.48M | -66.66M | -58.84M | 59.29M | 20.28M | 37.02M | -5.63M | -13.76M | -15.45M | -5.5M | -6.28M | -5.44M | -18.97M | -12.55M | -22.27M | -29.16M | -8.2M | -6.19M | -2.86M | 426.42K |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 42.11M | 43.35M | 33.57M | 0 | 13.51M | 10.69M | 4.8M | 3.23M | 27.14M | 22.24M | 34.35M | 53.29M | 57.55M | 53.89M | 39.17M | 9.85M | 7.02M | 4.76M | 6.17M | 5.7M | 5.39M | 4.98M | 551K | 2.41M | 1.8M | 3.87M | 2.66M | 1.82M | 1.71M | 529.26K | 22.41K |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 3.86M | 5.74M | 4.79M | 3.3M | 3.82M | 2.05M | 1.66M | 1.07M | -317K | 8.88M | 9.06M | 11.05M | 18.11M | 27.89M | 25.66M | 13.58M | 7.12M | 7.07M | 7.36M | 0 | 3.95M | 197K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -1.91M | 4.84M | 0 | -3.66M | -17.81M | -167.53M | -136.89M | 0 | 106.41M | -44.61M | 42.34M | 104.88M | -1.74M | -25.08M | 6.55M | 0 | -32K | -7.04M | 488K | 0 | -36K | -143K | -143K | -136K | -142K | -182K | -81K | 0 | 0 | -193.23K | 245.32K |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 1.25M | -508K | -1.53M | -13.22M | 86.16M | 110K | 2.84M | -1.23M | 564K | -3.04M | -477K | -109K | -28K | 370K | -9.42M | -15K | -1.51M | 7.07M | 6K | 6.56M | 465K | -119K | 951K | 1.65M | 6.1M | -1.81M | -8.12M | -711K | 907K | 817.04K | -1.69M |
| Working Capital Changes | 47.55M | 143K | 47.98M | -72.07M | -12.08M | 17.64M | -5.48M | 11.75M | -8.07M | 19.32M | 3.58M | -21.58M | -3.05M | -1.74M | -16.29M | 15.42M | -4.69M | 9.91M | 2.33M | 568K | 2.09M | -1.63M | 121K | 11.14M | 374K | 7.83M | 11K | 950K | 14K | -3.17K | -531.34K |
| Change in Receivables | 66.94M | 664K | 69.22M | -70.31M | 998K | -747K | 5K | 32.37M | -28.19M | 26.6M | 6.75M | -13.33M | -13.83M | 3.5M | -6.93M | 5.07M | -2.88M | 2.33M | -6.03M | 0 | 4.15M | -4.8M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | 2.13M | 212K | 1.05M | 3.3M | -5.29M | 1.91M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -12.44M | 623K | -92K | 8.79M | 19.91M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 169K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Payables | -4.29M | 3.14M | -8.12M | -4.65M | -136K | 760K | -2.55M | 109K | 963K | -6.35M | -3.01M | 2.57M | 3.72M | 2.12M | 2.93M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 819K | -309K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -23.03M | -21.01M | -212.96M | 16.18M | 184.46M | 35.75M | 18.6M | -68.06M | -24.07M | -16.11M | -40.63M | 39.31M | 29.3M | -66.06M | -409.14M | -23.24M | -8.1M | -8.65M | 5.07M | -7.34M | 10.16M | -13.09M | -378K | -2M | -595K | 12.81M | -44.3M | -4.65M | -3.82M | 465.1K | -290.52K |
| Capital Expenditures | -25.55M | -16.69M | -148.67M | -189K | -5.73M | -21.09M | -13.98M | -183K | -34K | -2K | -1.23M | -19.51M | -42.85M | -25.74M | -178.53M | -14.87M | -8.28M | -9.69M | -2.17M | -223K | -1.21M | -75K | -81K | -83K | -78K | -3.77M | -2.48M | -890K | -374K | -92.06K | -72.27K |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 11.88% | 5.85% | 121.55% | 0.15% | 9.68% | 23.95% | 46.94% | 1.63% | 0.03% | 0% | 0.8% | 15.6% | 32.74% | 19.71% | 71.2% | 8.63% | 6.28% | 14.39% | 4.5% | 0.42% | 3.47% | 0.38% | 1.89% | 11.99% | 181.4% | 15.32% | 4343.86% | 729.51% | 97.91% | 21.32% | 2.23% |
| Acquisitions | 1.58M | 1.23M | -87.68M | -9.41M | 0 | -33.25M | 13.78M | 0 | -7M | -31.51M | -1.23M | 19.5M | 42.75M | 25.06M | -150M | 14.68M | 0 | 0 | 2.14M | -5.2M | -16K | -5.8M | -198K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72.27K |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | -5M | 19.16M | 43.85M | 6.74M | 28.4M | -1.66M | -14.19M | -4.42M | -24.03M | -4M | -18.77M | -19.5M | -42.75M | -25.06M | -408.52M | -14.68M | 0 | -8.65M | -2.14M | -3.76M | -353K | -445K | -5K | 30.8M | -517K | -3M | -2.14M | -3.76M | -3.42M | 489.13K | 1.09M |
| Cash from Financing | -18.56M | -22.73M | 97.56M | 58.63M | -166.14M | 59.74M | 109.21M | 33.92M | -4.61M | 700K | -1.11M | -28.6M | -25.7M | -25.55M | 211.26M | 176.34M | 13.96M | -4.01M | 142K | 10.38M | 1.2M | 19.66M | -305K | 6.43M | -2.05M | 23.16M | 77.32M | 40.91M | 13.52M | 2.32M | 1.21M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | -2.98M | -22.09M | 103.46M | -67.7M | -120M | 65M | 110.44M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -221K | 0 | 0 | 1.4M | -1.45M | 552.5K |
| Equity Issued (Net) | 30K | 30K | -20.29M | 79.11M | -41.74M | -4.01M | -4M | 33.84M | -4.86M | -45K | -82K | 0 | 0 | -7.93M | 192.23M | 175.23M | 0 | -1.11M | 0 | 5.01M | 1.48M | 19.84M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20.12M | 39.97M | 34.27M | 12.22M | 3.2M | 335K |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.4M | -2.8M | -1.45M | -1.38M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -25.43M | -25.04M | -18.63M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | 0 | 0 | -20.29M | 0 | -50.99M | -4.01M | -4M | 0 | -4.86M | -45K | -82K | 0 | 0 | -7.93M | -26.73M | 0 | 0 | -1.11M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -15.61M | -675K | 14.38M | 48.62M | -1.6M | 202K | 4.15M | 79K | 257K | 745K | -1.03M | -3.17M | -661K | 1.01M | 19.03M | -364K | 13.96M | -2.9M | 142K | 5.37M | -277K | 12.73M | -305K | 6.43M | -2.05M | 3.26M | 37.35M | 6.63M | -99K | 572.75K | 318.81K |
| Net Change in Cash | 35.54M | 32.84M | -66.21M | 52.3M | -21.57M | 108.81M | 108.19M | -36.45M | -7.79M | 9.06M | -7.68M | 757K | 7.78M | -95.12M | -92.93M | 212.22M | 50.78M | 3.46M | 7.81M | 423K | 17.72M | 3.57M | -4.64M | 516K | -7.07M | 23.29M | -1.68M | 30.12M | 6.14M | 1.07M | -612.36K |
| Free Cash Flow | 52.42M | 58.55M | -98.55M | -28.7M | -43.07M | -7.76M | -33.6M | -6.91M | 20.84M | 24.48M | 32.83M | -29.46M | -38.67M | -29.25M | -73.58M | 44.24M | 36.64M | 6.43M | 432K | -2.84M | 5.15M | -3.06M | -4.04M | -3.99M | -4.5M | -16.34M | -37.17M | -7.03M | -3.93M | -1.8M | -1.6M |
| FCF Margin % | 24.38% | 20.53% | -80.57% | -22.94% | -72.72% | -8.82% | -112.82% | -61.45% | 15.85% | 37.42% | 21.5% | -23.56% | -29.55% | -22.4% | -29.35% | 25.68% | 27.79% | 9.54% | 0.9% | -5.4% | 14.79% | -15.66% | -94.3% | -577.02% | -10469.77% | -66.31% | -65210.53% | -5758.2% | -1029.58% | -417.24% | -49.39% |
| FCF Growth % | 134.32% | 159.41% | -243.42% | 33.37% | -454.64% | 76.89% | -386.17% | -133.16% | -14.84% | -25.45% | 211.44% | 23.82% | -32.23% | 60.25% | -266.32% | 20.74% | 470.18% | 1387.5% | 115.22% | -155.13% | 268.03% | 24.13% | -1.18% | 11.31% | 72.44% | 56.05% | -429.11% | -78.62% | -118.31% | -12.57% | -184.17% |
| FCF per Share | 0.54 | 0.60 | -0.99 | -0.31 | -0.47 | -0.08 | -0.58 | -0.14 | 0.42 | 0.48 | 0.66 | -0.60 | -0.77 | -0.61 | -1.55 | 1.10 | 1.04 | 0.21 | 0.01 | -0.10 | 0.19 | -0.12 | -0.20 | -0.20 | -0.23 | -0.85 | -2.27 | -0.65 | -0.20 | -0.09 | -0.08 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | -2.86x | 3.47x | -1.39x | -0.34x | 0.30x | 0.09x | -0.18x | 0.13x | -0.20x | 1.10x | -0.63x | 0.06x | -0.06x | 0.06x | 1.77x | 2.96x | 1.32x | -1.43x | -0.19x | 0.17x | -1.16x | 0.48x | 0.71x | 0.72x | 0.35x | 0.56x | 0.89x | 0.75x | 0.58x | 0.60x | -3.58x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 5.06M | 2.51M | 7.23M | 7.34M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 1.05M | 831K | 384K | 25K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Litigation outcome dependency
As reported in financial statements, the extreme volatility in the OCF/NI ratio, which swung from -294.83 in 2024Q1 to 3.85 in 2025Q4, underscores the fundamental difficulty in reconciling accounting net income with the actual cash-generative capacity of the company's lumpy intellectual property settlement business model.
The persistent divergence between net income and operating cash flow suggests that accrual-based accounting metrics provide little insight into the company's immediate liquidity. Investors should monitor this gap closely, as it indicates that reported earnings are frequently decoupled from the timing of actual cash receipts from licensing agreements.
Based on Acacia's reported figures, free cash flow trajectory remains highly inconsistent, characterized by massive quarterly swings such as the $47.9 million inflow in 2025Q2 followed by a $23.6 million outflow in 2024Q4, reflecting the unpredictable nature of the firm's core litigation-driven revenue streams.
The lack of a stable free cash flow trend complicates the valuation of the firm as a going concern. This instability suggests that the company's cash position is more a function of specific legal settlement timing than the underlying operational performance of its industrial subsidiaries.
According to recent SEC filings, the company's capital expenditure as a percentage of revenue has fluctuated significantly, reaching a high of 29.0% in 2024Q3, which indicates that the firm is still navigating the capital requirements necessary to maintain its newly acquired industrial manufacturing operations.
The variability in capital intensity suggests that management is still calibrating the maintenance versus growth capex requirements for Printronix. Analysts should investigate whether these expenditures are effectively extending the useful life of manufacturing assets or if they represent a recurring burden on the company's limited operating cash flow.
Based on the provided data, working capital changes have been a primary driver of cash flow variance, with a notable $54.8 million inflow in 2024Q1 contrasting sharply with a $70.3 million outflow in 2023Q4, highlighting the sensitivity of cash balances to shifts in receivables and payables.
These dramatic swings in working capital suggest that the company's cash conversion cycle is highly susceptible to the timing of large settlement payments. This volatility warrants further investigation into the company's credit terms and the potential for future liquidity constraints if settlement cycles extend beyond historical norms.
As reported in financial statements, the company has maintained a cautious approach to capital deployment, with minimal share repurchases and sporadic acquisition activity, leaving a significant portion of its cash reserves underutilized relative to the firm's market capitalization and stated strategic goals.
The current deployment strategy appears to prioritize liquidity over aggressive reinvestment, which may be a prudent response to the inherent risks in the IP enforcement segment. However, the lack of consistent capital return or accretive acquisition activity suggests that the company may be struggling to find high-return opportunities for its cash pile.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying ACTG stock.
Acacia Research Corporation (ACTG) generated $75.2M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Acacia Research Corporation (ACTG) generated $58.5M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Acacia Research Corporation (ACTG) spent $16.7M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.