Insurance - Property & Casualty
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PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS
Revenue, margins, valuation, and 5-year total return — side by side.
Medical - Healthcare Plans
Medical - Care Facilities
Medical - Care Facilities
Medical - Healthcare Plans
PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS — Key Financials
Market cap, revenue, margins, and valuation side-by-side.
| Company Snapshot | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | Insurance - Property & Casualty | Medical - Healthcare Plans | Medical - Care Facilities | Medical - Care Facilities | Medical - Healthcare Plans |
| Market Cap | $1.27B | $344.90B | $16.68B | $97.29B | $115.54B |
| Revenue (TTM) | $1.08B | $449.71B | $21.45B | $75.60B | $407.90B |
| Net Income (TTM) | $65M | $12.04B | $1.70B | $6.78B | $2.93B |
| Gross Margin | 25.5% | 18.8% | 42.8% | 41.5% | 13.9% |
| Operating Margin | 8.4% | 4.2% | 16.1% | 15.8% | 1.5% |
| Forward P/E | 21.7x | 20.7x | 10.7x | 14.4x | 12.4x |
| Total Debt | $435M | $78.39B | $13.17B | $50.20B | $93.59B |
| Cash & Equiv. | $36M | $24.36B | $2.88B | $1.04B | $8.51B |
PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS — Long-Term Stock Performance
Price return indexed to 100 at period start. Dividends excluded.
| Stock | May 20 | May 26 | Return |
|---|---|---|---|
| ProAssurance Corpor… (PRA) | 100 | 179.0 | +79.0% |
| UnitedHealth Group … (UNH) | 100 | 124.6 | +24.6% |
| Tenet Healthcare Co… (THC) | 100 | 874.9 | +774.9% |
| HCA Healthcare, Inc. (HCA) | 100 | 407.1 | +307.1% |
| CVS Health Corporat… (CVS) | 100 | 138.1 | +38.1% |
Price return only. Dividends and distributions are not included.
Quick Verdict: PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS
Each card shows where this stock fits in a portfolio — not just who wins on paper.
PRA ranks third and is worth considering specifically for sleep-well-at-night.
- Lower volatility, beta 0.05, Low D/E 32.2%, current ratio 1.33x
- Beta 0.05 vs THC's 0.74, lower leverage
UNH is the clearest fit if your priority is growth exposure.
- Rev growth 11.8%, EPS growth -14.7%, 3Y rev CAGR 11.4%
- 11.8% revenue growth vs PRA's -2.7%
THC is the clearest fit if your priority is long-term compounding and valuation efficiency.
- 5.1% 10Y total return vs HCA's 457.9%
- PEG 0.32 vs HCA's 0.68
- Lower P/E (10.7x vs 12.4x)
HCA has the current edge in this matchup, primarily because of its strength in quality and efficiency.
- 9.0% margin vs CVS's 0.7%
- 11.3% ROA vs CVS's 1.1%, ROIC 19.9% vs 5.0%
CVS is the #2 pick in this set and the best alternative if income & stability and defensive is your priority.
- Dividend streak 0 yrs, beta 0.13, yield 3.0%
- Beta 0.13, yield 3.0%, current ratio 0.84x
- 3.0% yield, vs UNH's 2.3%, (2 stocks pay no dividend)
- +37.4% vs UNH's +0.8%
See the full category breakdown
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | 11.8% revenue growth vs PRA's -2.7% | |
| Value | Lower P/E (10.7x vs 12.4x) | |
| Quality / Margins | 9.0% margin vs CVS's 0.7% | |
| Stability / Safety | Beta 0.05 vs THC's 0.74, lower leverage | |
| Dividends | 3.0% yield, vs UNH's 2.3%, (2 stocks pay no dividend) | |
| Momentum (1Y) | +37.4% vs UNH's +0.8% | |
| Efficiency (ROA) | 11.3% ROA vs CVS's 1.1%, ROIC 19.9% vs 5.0% |
PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS — Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS — Financial Metrics
Side-by-side numbers across 5 stocks — who leads on profitability, valuation, growth, and risk.
Who Leads Where
THC leads in 3 of 6 categories
HCA leads 1 • PRA leads 0 • UNH leads 0 • CVS leads 0 • 2 tied
Explore the data ↓Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
THC leads this category, winning 3 of 6 comparable metrics.
Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
UNH is the larger business by revenue, generating $449.7B annually — 416.7x PRA's $1.1B. HCA is the more profitable business, keeping 9.0% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to CVS's 0.7%. On growth, HCA holds the edge at +6.7% YoY revenue growth, suggesting stronger near-term business momentum.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $1.1B | $449.7B | $21.5B | $75.6B | $407.9B |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | $101M | $23.2B | $4.3B | $15.5B | $10.5B |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | $65M | $12.0B | $1.7B | $6.8B | $2.9B |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | -$17M | $19.7B | $3.3B | $7.7B | $7.4B |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | +25.5% | +18.8% | +42.8% | +41.5% | +13.9% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | +8.4% | +4.2% | +16.1% | +15.8% | +1.5% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | +6.0% | +2.7% | +7.9% | +9.0% | +0.7% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | -1.6% | +4.4% | +15.6% | +10.2% | +1.8% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | -2.0% | +2.0% | +2.8% | +6.7% | +6.2% |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | +2.5% | +0.7% | +87.6% | +44.6% | +63.1% |
Valuation Metrics
THC leads this category, winning 5 of 7 comparable metrics.
Valuation Metrics
At 12.3x trailing earnings, THC trades at a 81% valuation discount to CVS's 65.1x P/E. Adjusting for growth (PEG ratio), THC offers better value at 0.37x vs HCA's 0.73x — a lower PEG means you pay less per unit of expected earnings growth.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $1.3B | $344.9B | $16.7B | $97.3B | $115.5B |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $1.7B | $398.9B | $27.0B | $146.5B | $200.6B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | 24.95x | 28.72x | 12.29x | 15.33x | 65.14x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 21.73x | 20.71x | 10.65x | 14.40x | 12.39x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | — | — | 0.37x | 0.73x | — |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | 19.51x | 17.10x | 6.27x | 9.46x | 13.38x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | 1.16x | 0.77x | 0.78x | 1.29x | 0.29x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 0.95x | 3.40x | 1.93x | — | 1.53x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | — | 21.46x | 6.59x | 12.65x | 14.80x |
Profitability & Efficiency
HCA leads this category, winning 5 of 9 comparable metrics.
Profitability & Efficiency
THC delivers a 19.6% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $20 in annual profit, vs $4 for CVS. PRA carries lower financial leverage with a 0.32x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to THC's 1.47x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), THC scores 7/9 vs PRA's 3/9, reflecting strong financial health.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | +5.0% | +11.5% | +19.6% | — | +3.9% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | +1.2% | +3.9% | +5.7% | +11.3% | +1.1% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | +3.2% | +9.2% | +13.2% | +19.9% | +5.0% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | +4.0% | +9.7% | +13.8% | +27.0% | +6.1% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 5 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 0.32x | 0.77x | 1.47x | — | 1.24x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | $399M | $54.0B | $10.3B | $49.2B | $85.1B |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $36M | $24.4B | $2.9B | $1.0B | $8.5B |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $435M | $78.4B | $13.2B | $50.2B | $93.6B |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | 4.53x | 4.71x | 4.28x | 5.37x | 2.11x |
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
THC leads this category, winning 4 of 6 comparable metrics.
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
A $10,000 investment in THC five years ago would be worth $29,325 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $9,911 for UNH. Over the past 12 months, CVS leads with a +37.4% total return vs UNH's +0.8%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors THC at 39.8% vs UNH's -6.3% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | +2.8% | +13.6% | -4.5% | -7.3% | +14.7% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | +7.8% | +0.8% | +27.7% | +23.8% | +37.4% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +32.4% | -17.8% | +173.1% | +59.6% | +41.2% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +0.2% | -0.9% | +193.3% | +111.2% | +19.8% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -18.6% | +228.3% | +511.4% | +457.9% | +6.6% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | +9.8% | -6.3% | +39.8% | +16.9% | +12.2% |
Risk & Volatility
Evenly matched — PRA and CVS each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Risk & Volatility
PRA is the less volatile stock with a 0.05 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than THC's 0.74 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. CVS currently trades 99.6% from its 52-week high vs THC's 77.0% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | 0.05x | 0.60x | 0.74x | 0.31x | 0.13x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $24.85 | $390.92 | $247.21 | $556.52 | $90.88 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $22.72 | $234.60 | $146.60 | $330.00 | $58.35 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +99.4% | +97.2% | +77.0% | +78.2% | +99.6% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 49.1 | 76.9 | 52.6 | 30.7 | 70.0 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 798K | 7.9M | 1.2M | 1.0M | 7.5M |
Analyst Outlook
Evenly matched — UNH and CVS each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: PRA as "Hold", UNH as "Buy", THC as "Buy", HCA as "Buy", CVS as "Buy". Consensus price targets imply 36.3% upside for THC (target: $260) vs -25.8% for PRA (target: $18). For income investors, CVS offers the higher dividend yield at 2.95% vs HCA's 0.68%.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Hold | Buy | Buy | Buy | Buy |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $18.33 | $385.43 | $259.50 | $527.45 | $96.75 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 11 | 52 | 32 | 46 | 41 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | — | +2.3% | — | +0.7% | +3.0% |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | 0 | 25 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | — | $8.70 | — | $2.94 | $2.67 |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | 0.0% | +1.6% | +8.6% | +10.3% | 0.0% |
THC leads in 3 of 6 categories (Income & Cash Flow, Valuation Metrics). HCA leads in 1 (Profitability & Efficiency). 2 tied.
PRA vs UNH vs THC vs HCA vs CVS: Key Questions Answered
10 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS a better buy right now?
For growth investors, UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (UNH) is the stronger pick with 11.
8% revenue growth year-over-year, versus -2. 7% for ProAssurance Corporation (PRA). Tenet Healthcare Corporation (THC) offers the better valuation at 12. 3x trailing P/E (10. 7x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (UNH) a "Buy" — based on 52 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS?
On trailing P/E, Tenet Healthcare Corporation (THC) is the cheapest at 12.
3x versus CVS Health Corporation at 65. 1x. On forward P/E, Tenet Healthcare Corporation is actually cheaper at 10. 7x. The PEG ratio (P/E divided by earnings growth rate) is the most growth-adjusted single valuation metric: Tenet Healthcare Corporation wins at 0. 32x versus HCA Healthcare, Inc. 's 0. 68x — a PEG below 1. 0 traditionally signals the market is underpricing earnings growth.
03Which is the better long-term investment — PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS?
Over the past 5 years, Tenet Healthcare Corporation (THC) delivered a total return of +193.
3%, compared to -0. 9% for UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (UNH). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: THC returned +511. 4% versus PRA's -18. 6%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), ProAssurance Corporation (PRA) is the lower-risk stock at 0.
05β versus Tenet Healthcare Corporation's 0. 74β — meaning THC is approximately 1402% more volatile than PRA relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, ProAssurance Corporation (PRA) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 32% versus 147% for Tenet Healthcare Corporation — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which is growing faster — PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS?
By revenue growth (latest reported year), UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (UNH) is pulling ahead at 11.
8% versus -2. 7% for ProAssurance Corporation (PRA). On earnings-per-share growth, the picture is similar: HCA Healthcare, Inc. grew EPS 29. 0% year-over-year, compared to -62. 0% for CVS Health Corporation. Over a 3-year CAGR, UNH leads at 11. 4% annualised revenue growth. Higher growth typically commands a higher valuation multiple — check whether the premium P/E or P/S is justified by the growth rate using the PEG ratio.
06Which has better profit margins — PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS?
HCA Healthcare, Inc.
(HCA) is the more profitable company, earning 9. 0% net margin versus 0. 4% for CVS Health Corporation — meaning it keeps 9. 0% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: THC leads at 16. 1% versus 2. 6% for CVS. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — THC leads at 82. 3%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
07Is PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS more undervalued right now?
The PEG ratio (forward P/E divided by expected earnings growth rate) is the most precise measure of undervaluation relative to growth potential.
By this metric, Tenet Healthcare Corporation (THC) is the more undervalued stock at a PEG of 0. 32x versus HCA Healthcare, Inc. 's 0. 68x. A PEG below 1. 0 is traditionally considered the threshold for growth-adjusted undervaluation. On forward earnings alone, Tenet Healthcare Corporation (THC) trades at 10. 7x forward P/E versus 21. 7x for ProAssurance Corporation — 11. 1x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for THC: 36. 3% to $259. 50.
08Which pays a better dividend — PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS?
In this comparison, CVS (3.
0% yield), UNH (2. 3% yield), HCA (0. 7% yield) pay a dividend. PRA, THC do not pay a meaningful dividend and should not be held primarily for income.
09Is PRA or UNH or THC or HCA or CVS better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, HCA Healthcare, Inc.
(HCA) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding (low volatility (β 0. 31), 0. 7% yield, +457. 9% 10Y return). Both have compounded well over 10 years (HCA: +457. 9%, THC: +511. 4%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
10What are the main differences between PRA and UNH and THC and HCA and CVS?
These companies operate in different sectors (PRA (Financial Services) and UNH (Healthcare) and THC (Healthcare) and HCA (Healthcare) and CVS (Healthcare)), which means they face different economic cycles, regulatory environments, and macro sensitivities — making direct comparison nuanced.
In terms of investment character: PRA is a small-cap quality compounder stock; UNH is a large-cap quality compounder stock; THC is a mid-cap deep-value stock; HCA is a mid-cap deep-value stock; CVS is a mid-cap quality compounder stock. UNH, HCA, CVS pay a dividend while PRA, THC do not, making them suitable for different income and tax situations. These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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