What Is Momentum Investing?
Momentum investing is a strategy that buys stocks showing strong recent performance, betting that the trend will continue. The academic basis is the "momentum anomaly" — one of the few market inefficiencies that has persisted across decades and geographies:
- The research: Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) documented that stocks in the top performance decile over 3–12 months outperform the bottom decile by ~1% per month over the next 3–12 months.
- Why it works: Behavioral finance suggests underreaction to news (investors update beliefs slowly) and herding (winners attract more buyers) sustain trends beyond what fundamentals alone justify.
- The risk: Momentum crashes hard during reversals. The strategy lost ~50% in 2009 during the post-crisis snapback when beaten-down stocks surged and prior winners collapsed.
Two types of momentum:
- Price momentum: Buy stocks with the highest trailing returns (this screen's primary approach)
- Earnings momentum: Buy stocks with accelerating earnings growth or positive earnings surprises
The most powerful momentum stocks exhibit both — price strength driven by fundamental improvement.