Cash conversion efficiency remains highly variable, as evidenced by an OCF/NI ratio that fluctuated from 0.07 in 2024Q3 to 2.37 in 2025Q1, reflecting the impact of investment portfolio volatility.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 45.5B | 45.97B | 30.59B | 49.2B | 37.22B | 39.42B | 39.77B | 38.69B | 37.4B | 45.78B | 32.53B | 31.49B | 32.01B | 27.7B | 20.95B | 20.48B | 17.89B | 15.85B | 11.25B | 12.55B | 10.2B | 9.45B | 7.41B | 8.26B | 11.2B | 6.57B | 2.95B | 2.2B | 657M | 2.34B | 1.26B |
| Operating CF Growth % | 776.86% | 50.26% | -37.82% | 32.16% | -5.57% | -0.89% | 2.81% | 3.44% | -18.3% | 40.7% | 3.32% | -1.62% | 15.54% | 32.24% | 2.31% | 14.42% | 12.93% | 40.83% | -10.34% | 23.1% | 7.93% | 27.56% | -10.32% | -26.3% | 70.41% | 123.07% | 33.95% | 234.86% | -71.87% | 85.37% | 11.71% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 12.12% | 12.38% | 8.24% | 13.5% | 12.33% | 14.28% | 16.2% | 15.19% | 15.09% | 19.08% | 15.11% | 15.7% | 16.43% | 15.41% | 13.03% | 13.96% | 12.98% | 14.15% | 9.67% | 10.61% | 10.42% | 11.44% | 9.96% | 12.93% | 26.53% | 17.03% | 8.45% | 9.2% | 4.82% | 22.39% | 11.96% |
| Net Income | 72.54B | 66.97B | 89.56B | 97.15B | -22.06B | 90.81B | 43.25B | 81.79B | 4.32B | 45.35B | 24.43B | 24.41B | 20.17B | 19.84B | 15.31B | 10.75B | 13.49B | 8.44B | 4.99B | 13.21B | 11.02B | 8.53B | 7.31B | 8.15B | 4.29B | 795M | 3.33B | 1.56B | 2.83B | 1.9B | 2.49B |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 13.72B | 13.48B | 12.86B | 12.49B | 10.9B | 10.72B | 10.6B | 10.06B | 9.78B | 9.19B | 8.9B | 7.78B | 7.37B | 6.51B | 5.15B | 4.68B | 4.28B | 3.13B | 2.81B | 2.41B | 2.07B | 982M | 911M | 520M | 811M | 1.08B | 997M | 688M | 265M | 227.3M | 151.6M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -43.52B | -36.83B | -65.04B | -80.88B | 63.3B | -80.97B | -29.64B | -72.38B | 25.11B | -952M | -7.71B | -8.62B | -3.92B | -3.69B | -667M | -463M | -1.83B | 2.69B | -6M | -5.24B | -1.81B | -6.2B | -1.64B | -4.13B | -637M | -1.36B | -3.96B | -1.36B | -2.42B | -1.11B | -2.48B |
| Working Capital Changes | 2.76B | 2.35B | -6.78B | 20.44B | -14.92B | 18.87B | 15.57B | 19.21B | -1.81B | -7.81B | 6.92B | 7.92B | 8.39B | 5.04B | 1.16B | 5.51B | 1.95B | 1.59B | 3.45B | 2.17B | -1.07B | 6.13B | 822M | 3.71B | 6.74B | 6.07B | 2.58B | 1.32B | -23M | 1.31B | 1.1B |
| Cash from Investing | -32.39B | -44.49B | -10.29B | -32.66B | -87.6B | 29.39B | -37.76B | -5.62B | -32.85B | -41.09B | -84.27B | -26.67B | -19.37B | -27.54B | -10.57B | -19.19B | -18.28B | -11.16B | -32.07B | -13.43B | -14.08B | -13.84B | 221M | 16.11B | -1.38B | -11.69B | -2.27B | -12.6B | 12.71B | -2.53B | -3.51B |
| Capital Expenditures | -21.63B | -20.93B | -18.98B | -19.41B | -15.46B | -13.28B | -13.01B | -15.98B | -14.54B | -11.71B | -12.95B | -16.08B | -15.19B | -11.09B | -9.78B | -8.19B | -5.98B | -4.94B | -6.14B | -5.37B | -4.57B | -2.19B | -1.2B | 1.2B | 3.13B | -5.38B | 285M | -1.68B | -733M | -215.1M | -225.6M |
| Acquisitions | -10.76B | -1.07B | -396M | -8.6B | -10.59B | -456M | -2.53B | -1.68B | -3.28B | -2.71B | -31.4B | -4.9B | -4.82B | -6.43B | -3.19B | -8.69B | -15.92B | -108M | -6.05B | -1.6B | -10.13B | -2.39B | -414M | -3.21B | -2.62B | -4.7B | -3.8B | -153M | 4.97B | -774.9M | -1.98B |
| Purchase of Investments | -646.71B | -603.05B | -536.08B | -251.47B | -251.85B | -161.09B | -238.59B | -154.76B | -185.05B | -178.82B | -113.08B | -23.66B | -17.79B | -28.35B | -15.63B | -28.02B | -14.08B | -22.44B | -60.21B | -32.51B | -16.92B | -21.96B | -7.96B | -11.77B | -19.55B | -17.55B | -20.7B | -22.04B | -4.56B | -7.55B | -3.89B |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 649.85B | 579.41B | 545.36B | 246.13B | 190.07B | 203.44B | 220.34B | 168.03B | 171.52B | 155.57B | 73.4B | 17.5B | 17.39B | 19.38B | 17.13B | 24.39B | 17.84B | 15.2B | 40.19B | 25.03B | 15.91B | 12.01B | 12.81B | 30.66B | 18.51B | 16.66B | 22.52B | 11.7B | 13.34B | 6.19B | 2.6B |
| Other Investing | -3.14B | 1.16B | -195M | 685M | 239M | 770M | -3.96B | -1.23B | -1.5B | -3.42B | -236M | 478M | 1.04B | -1.05B | 881M | 1.32B | -127M | 1.12B | 143M | 1.02B | 1.64B | 685M | -3.02B | -759M | -846M | -727M | -582M | -417M | -302M | -182.3M | -19.2M |
| Cash from Financing | 2.35B | 2.23B | -10.36B | -14.4B | -1.66B | -28.51B | -18.34B | 730M | -5.81B | -1.4B | 12.79B | 3.8B | 2.73B | 961M | -806M | -2.22B | 8.13B | 233M | 2.29B | 1.37B | 2.49B | 5.63B | -156M | -1.16B | -3.57B | 6.01B | 470M | 367M | 61M | -96M | 854M |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3.94B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -235M | 0 | -2.92B | -9.17B | -7.85B | -27.06B | -24.71B | -4.85B | -1.35B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.3B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stock Issued | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 565M |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 2M | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K |
| Other Financing | -846M | -793M | -5.62B | -4.15B | -1.98B | -695M | -429M | -497M | -343M | -121M | 112M | 3.71B | -1.26B | -3.02B | -752M | -1.86B | -95M | -410M | -132M | 387M | 84M | 65M | 166M | -714M | 146M | 116M | -75M | -137M | 3M | -1M | -3M |
| Net Change in Cash | 15.94B | 4.15B | 9.73B | 2.24B | -52.31B | 40.31B | -16.24B | 33.82B | -1.4B | 3.54B | -39.11B | 8.46B | 15.08B | 1.19B | 9.69B | -928M | 7.67B | 5.02B | -18.79B | 586M | -1.27B | 1.23B | 7.47B | 23.21B | 6.25B | 894M | 1.15B | -10.03B | 13.43B | -291.8M | -1.39B |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 474M | 433M | -212M | 116M | -268M | 5M | 92M | 25M | -140M | 248M | -172M | -165M | -289M | 64M | 123M | 2M | -74M | 101M | -262M | 98M | 117M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 52.57B | 47.73B | 38.64B | 36.4B | 88.71B | 48.4B | 64.63B | 30.81B | 32.21B | 28.05B | 67.16B | 63.27B | 48.19B | 46.99B | 37.3B | 38.23B | 30.56B | 25.54B | 44.33B | 43.74B | 45.02B | 43.43B | 35.96B | 12.75B | 6.5B | 5.6B | 4.46B | 14.49B | 1.06B | 1.35B | 2.74B |
| Cash at End | 58.81B | 51.88B | 48.38B | 38.64B | 36.4B | 88.71B | 48.4B | 64.63B | 30.81B | 31.58B | 28.05B | 71.73B | 63.27B | 48.19B | 46.99B | 37.3B | 38.23B | 30.56B | 25.54B | 44.33B | 43.74B | 44.66B | 43.43B | 35.96B | 12.75B | 6.5B | 5.6B | 4.46B | 14.49B | 1.06B | 1.35B |
| Free Cash Flow | 23.87B | 25.04B | 11.62B | 29.79B | 21.76B | 26.14B | 26.76B | 22.71B | 22.86B | 34.07B | 19.58B | 15.41B | 16.82B | 16.62B | 11.18B | 12.29B | 11.91B | 10.91B | 5.11B | 7.18B | 5.62B | 7.25B | 6.2B | 9.45B | 14.34B | 1.2B | 3.23B | 519M | -76M | 2.12B | 1.03B |
| FCF Growth % | 97.86% | 115.58% | -61% | 36.89% | -16.77% | -2.3% | 17.85% | -0.68% | -32.89% | 73.98% | 27.08% | -8.42% | 1.25% | 48.7% | -9.04% | 3.11% | 9.22% | 113.32% | -28.74% | 27.61% | -22.44% | 16.88% | -34.36% | -34.07% | 1096.74% | -62.93% | 522.74% | 782.89% | -103.58% | 105% | -8.29% |
| FCF Margin % | 6.36% | 6.74% | 3.13% | 8.17% | 7.2% | 9.47% | 10.9% | 8.92% | 9.23% | 14.2% | 9.09% | 7.68% | 8.63% | 9.24% | 6.95% | 8.37% | 8.64% | 9.74% | 4.39% | 6.07% | 5.75% | 8.78% | 8.34% | 14.8% | 33.95% | 3.1% | 9.26% | 2.17% | -0.56% | 20.33% | 9.82% |
| FCF per Share | 11.07 | 11.61 | 5.39 | 13.71 | 9.88 | 11.54 | 11.19 | 9.27 | 9.27 | 13.81 | 7.94 | 6.25 | 6.83 | 6.74 | 4.51 | 4.96 | 4.86 | 4.69 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 2.43 | 3.14 | 2.69 | 4.1 | 6.23 | 0.52 | 1.41 | 0.23 | -0.04 | 1.15 | 0.57 |
Catastrophic loss reserve volatility
According to the provided quarterly data, the company consistently maintains substantial underwriting cash flows, with claims and loss expenses peaking at $75.6B in 2023Q4, demonstrating the firm's ability to manage massive insurance float while absorbing significant periodic loss events without compromising its core liquidity position.
The consistent scale of claims payments relative to operating cash flow suggests that the insurance segment functions as a reliable engine for capital accumulation. Investors should monitor whether the persistent high level of claims, which frequently exceeds $70B per quarter, may eventually pressure the net float generation if underwriting discipline softens.
As reported in financial statements, the company actively rotates its investment portfolio, with 2026Q1 showing $220.0B in sales against $205.6B in purchases, indicating a high-velocity approach to capital deployment that allows the firm to pivot its asset allocation in response to shifting market conditions.
This high turnover in the investment portfolio suggests that management is not merely holding assets but is actively managing the liquidity profile of the float. The ability to execute such large-scale transactions without disrupting operational cash flow highlights the unique structural advantage of the company's permanent capital base.
Based on the reported figures, the OCF/NI ratio has fluctuated wildly from 0.07 in 2024Q3 to 2.37 in 2025Q1, confirming that GAAP net income is an unreliable proxy for the actual cash-generating power of the underlying insurance and industrial operations due to investment portfolio volatility.
The significant variance between net income and operating cash flow appears to be driven by the accounting treatment of unrealized gains and losses within the equity portfolio. Analysts should prioritize operating cash flow metrics over net income to better understand the true cash-generating capacity of the conglomerate's diverse business units.
As indicated by the historical data, the company has maintained a near-zero dividend policy, opting instead for opportunistic share repurchases, such as the $2.9B buyback in 2024Q4, which suggests that management continues to favor internal capital reallocation over returning cash directly to shareholders.
The absence of a dividend mandate provides the firm with significant flexibility to deploy cash into acquisitions or portfolio investments during periods of market stress. This strategy appears to be a core component of the company's long-term value creation, though it leaves shareholders entirely dependent on management's ability to identify value-accretive opportunities.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying BRK-B stock.
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (BRK-B) generated $45.97B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (BRK-B) generated $25.04B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (BRK-B) spent $20.93B on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.