Revenue growth has moderated to 4.4% in 2026Q3 from a 10.9% peak, while gross margin reached 42.2% but SG&A at 20.6% of revenue has blunted operating leverage, limiting operating margin to 17.1% despite the 630bp gross margin gain.
CTS Corporation (CTS) annual income statement — 30-year revenue, gross profit & net income history
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Sales/Revenue | 571.16M | 542.16M | 515.54M | 550.55M | 586.87M | 512.92M | 424.19M | 469M | 470.1M | 423.48M | 396.8M | 382.31M | 404.02M | 409.46M | 576.92M | 588.51M | 552.64M | 498.98M | 691.71M | 685.95M | 655.61M | 617.48M | 531.32M | 462.99M | 457.8M | 577.65M | 866.52M | 677.1M | 370.4M | 415.2M | 321.3M |
| Revenue Growth % | 7.38% | 5.16% | -6.36% | -6.19% | 14.42% | 20.92% | -9.55% | -0.23% | 11.01% | 6.72% | 3.79% | -5.37% | -1.33% | -29.03% | -1.97% | 6.49% | 10.75% | -27.86% | 0.84% | 4.63% | 6.18% | 16.22% | 14.76% | 1.13% | -20.75% | -33.34% | 27.98% | 82.8% | -10.79% | 29.23% | 7.03% |
| Cost of Goods Sold | 341.13M | 333.43M | 327.33M | 362.36M | 377.25M | 329.69M | 284.25M | 312.28M | 301.47M | 282.06M | 256.36M | 254.57M | 272.12M | 288.11M | 475.54M | 478.66M | 432.73M | 400.14M | 554.33M | 553.05M | 534.78M | 497.27M | 421.56M | 366.27M | 366.77M | 466.36M | 566.48M | 441.2M | 236.6M | 282.6M | 221.3M |
| COGS % of Revenue | - | 61.5% | 63.49% | 65.82% | 64.28% | 64.28% | 67.01% | 66.59% | 64.13% | 66.61% | 64.61% | 66.59% | 67.35% | 70.36% | 82.43% | 81.33% | 78.3% | 80.19% | 80.14% | 80.63% | 81.57% | 80.53% | 79.34% | 79.11% | 80.12% | 80.73% | 65.37% | 65.16% | 63.88% | 68.06% | 68.88% |
| Gross Profit | 230.03M | 208.73M | 188.21M | 188.19M | 209.61M | 183.24M | 139.94M | 156.72M | 168.63M | 141.42M | 140.44M | 127.74M | 131.9M | 121.35M | 101.38M | 109.85M | 119.91M | 98.84M | 137.37M | 132.89M | 120.83M | 120.21M | 109.76M | 96.71M | 91.03M | 111.29M | 300.04M | 235.9M | 133.8M | 132.6M | 100M |
| Gross Margin % | 40.27% | 38.5% | 36.51% | 34.18% | 35.72% | 35.72% | 32.99% | 33.41% | 35.87% | 33.39% | 35.39% | 33.41% | 32.65% | 29.64% | 17.57% | 18.67% | 21.7% | 19.81% | 19.86% | 19.37% | 18.43% | 19.47% | 20.66% | 20.89% | 19.88% | 19.27% | 34.63% | 34.84% | 36.12% | 31.94% | 31.12% |
| Gross Profit Growth % | - | 10.9% | 0.01% | -10.22% | 14.4% | 30.93% | -10.7% | -7.07% | 19.25% | 0.69% | 9.94% | -3.15% | 8.69% | 19.7% | -7.71% | -8.39% | 21.32% | -28.05% | 3.37% | 9.98% | 0.51% | 9.53% | 13.49% | 6.24% | -18.21% | -62.91% | 27.19% | 76.31% | 0.91% | 32.6% | 15.61% |
| Operating Expenses | 134.03M | 123.99M | 111.67M | 108.73M | 115.62M | 106.45M | 92.1M | 96.47M | 98.77M | 97.04M | 84.86M | 96.59M | 81.7M | 93.21M | 97.3M | 91.88M | 90.62M | 81.27M | 100.89M | 97.97M | 88.93M | 85.35M | 82.55M | 78.33M | 87.45M | 119.74M | 171.41M | 140.1M | 84.2M | 81.3M | 66.6M |
| OpEx % of Revenue | - | 22.87% | 21.66% | 19.75% | 19.7% | 20.75% | 21.71% | 20.57% | 21.01% | 22.92% | 21.39% | 25.26% | 20.22% | 22.76% | 16.87% | 15.61% | 16.4% | 16.29% | 14.59% | 14.28% | 13.56% | 13.82% | 15.54% | 16.92% | 19.1% | 20.73% | 19.78% | 20.69% | 22.73% | 19.58% | 20.73% |
| Selling, General & Admin | 109.98M | 98.72M | 88.28M | 83.82M | 91.52M | 82.6M | 67.78M | 70.5M | 73.46M | 71.9M | 60.82M | 59.59M | 59.14M | 69.99M | 76.39M | 71.89M | 72.31M | 67.12M | 82.59M | 82.08M | 70.91M | 68.25M | 63.48M | 56.86M | 63.34M | 80.21M | 94.5M | 80.9M | 51.6M | 51M | 54.1M |
| SG&A % of Revenue | - | 18.21% | 17.12% | 15.22% | 15.59% | 16.1% | 15.98% | 15.03% | 15.63% | 16.98% | 15.33% | 15.59% | 14.64% | 17.09% | 13.24% | 12.22% | 13.08% | 13.45% | 11.94% | 11.97% | 10.82% | 11.05% | 11.95% | 12.28% | 13.84% | 13.89% | 10.91% | 11.95% | 13.93% | 12.28% | 16.84% |
| Research & Development | 23.58M | 25.27M | 23.39M | 24.92M | 24.1M | 23.86M | 24.32M | 25.97M | 25.3M | 25.15M | 24.04M | 22.46M | 22.56M | 23.22M | 20.92M | 19.99M | 18.31M | 14.15M | 18.31M | 15.9M | 15.87M | 17.09M | 19.06M | 21.48M | 24.12M | 32.76M | 32.58M | 25.3M | 13.4M | 13.3M | 0 |
| R&D % of Revenue | - | 4.66% | 4.54% | 4.53% | 4.11% | 4.65% | 5.73% | 5.54% | 5.38% | 5.94% | 6.06% | 5.88% | 5.58% | 5.67% | 3.63% | 3.4% | 3.31% | 2.84% | 2.65% | 2.32% | 2.42% | 2.77% | 3.59% | 4.64% | 5.27% | 5.67% | 3.76% | 3.74% | 3.62% | 3.2% | - |
| Other Operating Expenses | 562K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.54M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.14M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.76M | 44.33M | 33.9M | 19.2M | 17M | 12.5M |
| Operating Income | 96M | 84.74M | 76.53M | 79.46M | 93.99M | 76.78M | 47.85M | 60.25M | 69.87M | 44.37M | 55.58M | 31.15M | 50.2M | 28.14M | 4.08M | 17.97M | 29.29M | 17.57M | 36.48M | 34.92M | 31.9M | 34.87M | 27.21M | 13.82M | -14.77M | -48.49M | 128.63M | 95.8M | 49.6M | 51.3M | 33.4M |
| Operating Margin % | 16.81% | 15.63% | 14.85% | 14.43% | 16.02% | 14.97% | 11.28% | 12.85% | 14.86% | 10.48% | 14.01% | 8.15% | 12.42% | 6.87% | 0.71% | 3.05% | 5.3% | 3.52% | 5.27% | 5.09% | 4.87% | 5.65% | 5.12% | 2.98% | -3.23% | -8.39% | 14.84% | 14.15% | 13.39% | 12.36% | 10.4% |
| Operating Income Growth % | - | 10.72% | -3.68% | -15.46% | 22.42% | 60.48% | -20.58% | -13.77% | 57.46% | -20.17% | 78.42% | -37.94% | 78.38% | 590.09% | -77.31% | -38.65% | 66.72% | -51.84% | 4.47% | 9.45% | -8.5% | 28.15% | 96.93% | 193.55% | 69.54% | -137.7% | 34.27% | 93.15% | -3.31% | 53.59% | 21.9% |
| EBITDA | 135.56M | 119.28M | 107.46M | 108.17M | 123.75M | 103.71M | 74.52M | 84.87M | 92.38M | 65.05M | 74.57M | 47.41M | 67.17M | 45.44M | 23.69M | 35.52M | 46.85M | 37.1M | 60.66M | 57.74M | 56.8M | 61.93M | 53.29M | 47.42M | 28.6M | 3.19M | 172.96M | 129.7M | 68.8M | 68.3M | 45.9M |
| EBITDA Margin % | 23.73% | 22% | 20.84% | 19.65% | 21.09% | 20.22% | 17.57% | 18.1% | 19.65% | 15.36% | 18.79% | 12.4% | 16.63% | 11.1% | 4.11% | 6.04% | 8.48% | 7.43% | 8.77% | 8.42% | 8.66% | 10.03% | 10.03% | 10.24% | 6.25% | 0.55% | 19.96% | 19.16% | 18.57% | 16.45% | 14.29% |
| EBITDA Growth % | 17.45% | 11% | -0.66% | -12.59% | 19.32% | 39.18% | -12.2% | -8.13% | 42.03% | -12.77% | 57.3% | -29.42% | 47.81% | 91.8% | -33.29% | -24.19% | 26.29% | -38.84% | 5.06% | 1.65% | -8.28% | 16.21% | 12.38% | 65.78% | 798.08% | -98.16% | 33.35% | 88.52% | 0.73% | 48.8% | 17.39% |
| D&A (Non-Cash Add-back) | 26.25M | 34.54M | 30.92M | 28.71M | 29.75M | 26.93M | 26.67M | 24.62M | 22.51M | 20.67M | 18.99M | 16.25M | 16.97M | 17.3M | 19.61M | 17.55M | 17.57M | 19.53M | 24.18M | 22.82M | 24.9M | 27.06M | 26.08M | 33.6M | 43.37M | 51.67M | 44.33M | 33.9M | 19.2M | 17M | 12.5M |
| EBIT | 114.49M | 89.27M | 77.25M | 80.79M | 83.47M | -59.51M | 48.32M | 53.41M | 60.61M | 43.63M | 61.88M | 15.66M | 42.16M | 21M | 29.51M | 28.46M | 29.1M | -18.54M | 33.11M | 35.58M | 34.32M | 38.9M | 31.45M | 18.38M | 3.57M | -8.45M | 128.63M | 95.8M | 49.6M | 49.2M | 33.4M |
| Net Interest Income | -1.04M | -3.37M | 46K | 1.29M | -866K | -1.27M | -2.23M | -911K | -259K | -2.06M | -2.4M | 445K | 460K | -1.36M | -849K | -851K | -689K | -1.72M | -4.77M | -1.05M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Interest Income | 2.36M | 2.13M | 4.28M | 4.63M | 1.33M | 840K | 1.05M | 1.74M | 1.83M | 1.28M | 1.3M | 3.07M | 2.79M | 1.9M | 1.72M | 1.26M | 0 | 0 | 1.42M | 2.05M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Interest Expense | 3.41M | 5.5M | 4.24M | 3.33M | 2.19M | 2.11M | 3.27M | 2.65M | 2.08M | 3.34M | 3.7M | 2.63M | 2.33M | 3.26M | 2.57M | 862K | 689K | 1.72M | 3.81M | 3.1M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Income/Expense | 15.09M | -971K | -5.31M | -4.31M | -13.26M | -137.66M | -2.37M | -9.98M | -11.77M | -4.12M | 1.67M | -18.89M | -10.85M | -10.08M | 22.86M | 8.37M | -1.26M | -37.98M | -7.18M | -2.44M | -1.24M | -1.87M | -1.29M | -7.57M | -9.03M | -12M | -11.5M | -21.7M | -100K | -13.5M | 200K |
| Pretax Income | 111.08M | 83.77M | 71.22M | 75.15M | 80.74M | -60.88M | 45.48M | 50.27M | 58.1M | 40.25M | 57.24M | 12.26M | 39.35M | 18.06M | 26.94M | 26.34M | 28.03M | -20.41M | 29.3M | 32.48M | 30.67M | 33M | 25.92M | 6.25M | -23.8M | -60.49M | 117.13M | 74.1M | 49.5M | 35.1M | 33.6M |
| Pretax Margin % | 19.45% | 15.45% | 13.82% | 13.65% | 13.76% | -11.87% | 10.72% | 10.72% | 12.36% | 9.51% | 14.43% | 3.21% | 9.74% | 4.41% | 4.67% | 4.48% | 5.07% | -4.09% | 4.24% | 4.73% | 4.68% | 5.34% | 4.88% | 1.35% | -5.2% | -10.47% | 13.52% | 10.94% | 13.36% | 8.45% | 10.46% |
| Income Tax | 37.23M | 18.45M | 13.11M | 14.62M | 21.16M | -19.01M | 10.79M | 14.12M | 11.57M | 25.8M | 22.86M | 5.31M | 12.83M | 16.07M | 6.61M | 5.37M | 5.99M | 13.64M | -591K | 7.06M | 6.47M | 13.17M | 5.96M | -6.33M | -5.95M | -15.12M | 32.8M | 22.6M | 15.4M | 12.3M | 12.4M |
| Effective Tax Rate % | 33.51% | 22.03% | 18.41% | 19.45% | 26.21% | 31.23% | 23.73% | 28.09% | 19.91% | 64.11% | 39.94% | 43.28% | 32.6% | 88.94% | 24.53% | 20.39% | 21.37% | -66.8% | -2.02% | 21.75% | 21.1% | 39.91% | 23% | -101.26% | 25% | 24.99% | 28% | 30.5% | 31.11% | 35.04% | 36.9% |
| Net Income | 73.86M | 65.32M | 58.11M | 60.53M | 59.58M | -41.87M | 34.69M | 36.15M | 46.53M | 14.45M | 34.38M | 6.95M | 26.52M | 1.22M | 20.33M | 20.97M | 22.04M | -34.05M | 29.89M | 25.41M | 24.2M | 20.76M | 19.96M | 12.57M | -17.85M | -45.38M | 83.8M | 51.5M | 37.5M | 22.8M | 21.2M |
| Net Margin % | 12.93% | 12.05% | 11.27% | 10.99% | 10.15% | -8.16% | 8.18% | 7.71% | 9.9% | 3.41% | 8.66% | 1.82% | 6.56% | 0.3% | 3.52% | 3.56% | 3.99% | -6.82% | 4.32% | 3.7% | 3.69% | 3.36% | 3.76% | 2.72% | -3.9% | -7.85% | 9.67% | 7.61% | 10.12% | 5.49% | 6.6% |
| Net Income Growth % | 24.78% | 12.39% | -3.99% | 1.61% | 242.3% | -220.7% | -4.04% | -22.32% | 222.07% | -57.98% | 394.39% | -73.78% | 2075.72% | -94% | -3.02% | -4.86% | 164.72% | -213.93% | 17.61% | 5.02% | 16.58% | 4.01% | 58.7% | 170.45% | 60.66% | -154.15% | 62.72% | 37.33% | 64.47% | 7.55% | 23.26% |
| Net Income (Continuing) | 73.86M | 65.32M | 58.11M | 60.53M | 59.58M | -41.87M | 34.69M | 36.15M | 46.53M | 14.45M | 34.38M | 6.95M | 26.52M | 2M | 20.33M | 20.97M | 22.04M | -34.05M | 29.89M | 25.41M | 24.2M | 20.76M | 19.96M | 12.57M | -17.85M | -45.38M | 84.33M | 51.5M | 34.1M | 23.2M | 21.2M |
| Discontinued Operations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -778K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Minority Interest | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EPS (Diluted) | 2.55 | 2.19 | 1.89 | 1.92 | 1.85 | -1.30 | 1.06 | 1.09 | 1.39 | 0.43 | 1.03 | 0.21 | 0.78 | -0.11 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.63 | -1.01 | 0.81 | 0.66 | 0.63 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.36 | -0.54 | -1.61 | 2.92 | 1.80 | 1.28 | 0.71 | 0.67 |
| EPS Growth % | 29.08% | 15.87% | -1.56% | 3.78% | 242.31% | -222.64% | -2.75% | -21.58% | 223.26% | -58.25% | 390.48% | -73.08% | 809.09% | -118.64% | -1.67% | -4.76% | 162.38% | -224.69% | 22.73% | 4.76% | 18.87% | 0% | 47.22% | 166.67% | 66.46% | -155.14% | 62.22% | 40.63% | 80.28% | 5.97% | 21.82% |
| EPS (Basic) | - | 2.21 | 1.91 | 1.93 | 1.86 | -1.30 | 1.07 | 1.11 | 1.41 | 0.44 | 1.05 | 0.21 | 0.79 | -0.12 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 0.65 | -1.01 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.36 | -0.54 | -1.61 | 3.03 | 1.87 | 1.34 | 0.73 | 0.68 |
| Diluted Shares Outstanding | 28.92M | 29.81M | 30.72M | 31.58M | 32.24M | 32.33M | 32.58M | 33.1M | 33.57M | 33.42M | 33.25M | 33.48M | 34.13M | 34.25M | 34.52M | 35.01M | 34.85M | 33.82M | 37.86M | 39.97M | 38.41M | 39.16M | 37.65M | 34.93M | 33.06M | 28.18M | 28.7M | 28.61M | 29.3M | 32.11M | 31.64M |
| Basic Shares Outstanding | 28.55M | 29.51M | 30.41M | 31.36M | 31.97M | 32.33M | 32.32M | 32.7M | 33.02M | 32.89M | 32.73M | 32.96M | 33.62M | 33.6M | 33.92M | 34.32M | 34.09M | 33.82M | 33.73M | 35.5M | 35.58M | 36.41M | 35.64M | 34.93M | 33.06M | 28.18M | 27.66M | 27.54M | 27.99M | 31.23M | 31.18M |
| Dividend Payout Ratio | - | 7.27% | 8.41% | 8.33% | 8.61% | - | 14.93% | 14.49% | 11.36% | 36.41% | 15.22% | 76.09% | 20.26% | 399.84% | 23.41% | 19.65% | 18.55% | - | 13.59% | 16.84% | 17.8% | 20.92% | 22.73% | 32.5% | - | - | 3.98% | 6.41% | 9.07% | 16.67% | 16.04% |
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CTS stock.
For fiscal year 2025, CTS Corporation (CTS) reported total revenue of $542.2M. This represents a 68.7% increase compared to $321.3M in 1996.
CTS Corporation (CTS) is profitable, generating $65.3M in net income for the fiscal year ending 2025 with a net profit margin of 12.0%.
CTS Corporation (CTS) reported an operating income of $84.7M, resulting in an operating profit margin of 15.6%. This margin reflects the operational efficiency of the business before interest and taxes.
CTS Corporation (CTS) generated $208.7M in gross profit for the year, representing a gross profit margin of 38.5%. This demonstrates the company's core pricing power and production efficiency.
Key Metrics
Top Statement Risk
Margin sustainability under SG&A pressure
Metrics are mathematically derived from official filings.
Gross Margin Expansion Drives Profitability Step-Up
Gross margin expanded from 35.9% in 2024Q2 to 42.2% in 2026Q3, a 630 basis point improvement driven by what appears to be a favorable product mix shift toward higher-margin medical and aerospace piezoelectric components versus lower-margin automotive sensors.
The gross margin trajectory is unambiguously positive: the company crossed the 40% threshold in 2026Q2 and sustained it in 2026Q3, suggesting the diversification strategy away from commoditized automotive sensing is gaining structural traction. However, the margin has not been monotonic—2025Q1 dipped to 36.5% before recovering sharply—indicating some vulnerability to input cost swings or utilization variability at its ceramic manufacturing facilities. The persistence of this expansion above 41% in the two most recent quarters would need to be validated against raw material cost trends for silver and palladium before being underwritten as a durable structural shift.
Revenue Growth Rebounds but Shows Volatility
Revenue growth swung from -10.4% in 2024Q2 to +10.9% in 2026Q1 before moderating to 4.4% in 2026Q3, reflecting a recovery trajectory that appears to be decelerating from its peak despite remaining positive on a year-over-year basis.
The sequential revenue progression from $125.8M in 2025Q1 to $149.6M in 2026Q3 represents an 18.9% cumulative increase over six quarters, which suggests the design win pipeline in medical and industrial applications may be converting into realized revenue. However, the deceleration from 10.9% growth in 2026Q1 to 4.4% in 2026Q3 introduces uncertainty about whether near-term demand pull-forward effects are masking a softer underlying run rate. The reported TTM revenue of $542.2M versus the latest quarter's $564.0M annualized equivalent raises questions about sustainability that warrant close monitoring.
SG&A Creep Threatens Operating Leverage Thesis
SG&A increased from 16.4% of revenue in 2024Q2 to 20.6% in 2026Q3, a 420 basis point deterioration that has partially offset gross margin gains and kept operating margin improvement from being fully realized.
While gross profit grew meaningfully over the ten-quarter window, operating margin has oscillated between 12.8% and 18.5% without a clear upward break, suggesting overhead scaling is consuming a disproportionate share of incremental gross profit. The SG&A ratio deterioration is particularly notable because it accelerated in 2026Q3 even as revenue reached a ten-quarter high, which may indicate rising sales and marketing investment to penetrate medical and aerospace channels or potential operational inefficiencies. Unless SG&A growth moderates relative to top-line expansion, the company may struggle to convert further gross margin improvement into proportional operating income gains.
Stock-Based Compensation Surge Undermines EPS Quality
Stock-based compensation escalated from $1.2M in 2025Q3 to $3.3M in 2026Q3—a 175% increase—raising meaningful questions about whether reported EPS of $0.61 fully reflects the underlying cash earnings power of the business.
SBC as a percentage of revenue climbed from approximately 0.8% to 2.2% over the same period, which is material for a company generating $17.8M in quarterly net income and represents a growing non-cash charge that dilutes economic per-share results. The EPS trajectory has been notably volatile, swinging from $0.44 to $0.67 within the ten-quarter window, with the most recent quarter's 32.6% EPS growth potentially overstating organic earnings momentum given the favorable gross margin environment and elevated prior-year base effects. Analysts should evaluate whether the SBC step-up reflects a structural compensation policy shift or one-time equity grants tied to the recent manufacturing footprint consolidation.
Margin Expansion May Reflect Favorable Input Costs Rather Than Structural Moat
The 630 basis point gross margin expansion may be partially attributable to favorable raw material cost cycles in silver and palladium rather than purely a structural product mix improvement, which would render the current margin profile vulnerable to commodity price reversals.
CTS reported gross margin of 36.5% in 2025Q1 versus 42.2% in 2026Q3, a swing that coincides with a period of significant precious metal price volatility; without disclosure of input cost pass-through mechanisms or hedging positions, attributing the full expansion to mix shift toward medical and aerospace is analytically incomplete. Additionally, R&D expenditure has been inconsistent—ranging from $4.8M to $6.9M per quarter without a clear upward trend—which may suggest the company is under-investing in next-generation piezoelectric product development relative to peers like Murata and Vishay, potentially eroding the very technical moat that justifies premium margins. The absence of formal guidance and the unexplained prior quarter EPS result further complicate the ability to underwrite the durability of this margin trajectory with confidence.