Free cash flow generation remains erratic, swinging from a 22.6% margin in 2024Q2 to a negative 15.3% margin in 2025Q1, largely driven by high capital intensity and periodic working capital outflows of 841.0B KRW.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 4.94T | 5.01T | 5.07T | 5.5T | 3.6T | 5.56T | 4.74T | 3.75T | 4.01T | 3.88T | 4.77T | 4.23T | 1.92T | 4.11T | 5.72T | 2.15T | 3.24T | 3.4T | 2.92T | 4.27T | 5.49T | 5.98T | 4.56T | 3.35T | 4.83T | 3.63T | 2.65T | 2.92T | 2.64T |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 17.73% | 19.2% | 20.94% | 14.03% | 22.34% | 19.67% | 15.2% | 17.27% | 16.67% | 20.93% | 19.04% | 8.57% | 18.02% | 23.98% | 10.09% | 16.23% | 17.3% | 14.9% | 22.87% | 32.44% | 35.1% | 27.65% | 19.86% | 29.44% | 22.76% | 19.58% | 24.83% | 26.65% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 54.75% | -1.13% | -7.95% | 52.99% | -35.33% | 17.34% | 26.56% | -6.62% | 3.42% | -18.72% | 12.78% | 120.72% | -53.38% | -28.15% | 166.07% | -33.73% | -4.5% | 16.4% | -31.6% | -22.34% | -8.04% | 31.06% | 36.24% | -30.67% | 32.94% | 36.95% | -9.13% | 10.42% | - |
| Net Income | 1.58T | 1.75T | 406.67B | 972.18B | 1.39T | 1.46T | 746.26B | 669.35B | 762.3B | 561.53B | 797.84B | 631.29B | -941.41B | -60.25B | 1.11T | 1.45T | 1.19T | 609.7B | 513.29B | 1.17T | 1.23T | 1.04T | 1.24T | 861.25B | 1.95T | 1.11T | 986.09B | 382.11B | 190.36B |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 3.92T | 3.93T | 3.93T | 3.87T | 3.71T | 3.65T | 3.67T | 3.68T | 3.36T | 3.44T | 3.42T | 3.64T | 3.85T | 3.62T | 3.31T | 2.99T | 3.29T | 3.36T | 3.7T | 3.66T | 3.45T | 3.6T | 3.67T | 3.94T | 3.8T | 4.01T | 3.47T | 2.83T | 3.09T |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 2.92B | 0 | 7.13B | 15.45B | 0 | 47.41B | 28.6B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.97B | 1.05B | 1.92B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 241.65B | 0 | 164.84B | 335.37B | 505.76B | 519.02B | 285.35B | 310.33B | 328.44B | 275.5B | 329.18B | 348.25B | -266.33B | 54.99B | 279.52B | 316.74B | 298.94B | 28.61B | 1.78T | 0 | 32.29B | 16.39B | 103B | 48.75B | 148.99B | 202.37B | 517.07B | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 953.24B | 1.12T | -86.53B | 212.59B | -549.16B | -384.35B | 531.24B | 95.66B | -190.51B | -175.76B | 150.18B | 87.74B | -1.11T | -166.87B | -190.15B | -18.75B | 389.84B | 1.28T | -932.61B | 506.04B | 315.44B | 80.94B | 1B | 1.25B | -67.14B | 2.63B | -673.83B | -249.26B | -37.96B |
| Working Capital Changes | -1.78T | -1.8T | 644.13B | 99.9B | -1.46T | 273B | -519.25B | -1.01T | -468.76B | -295.9B | -4.11B | -517.04B | -614.35B | 347.8B | 2.13T | -1.97T | -1.93T | -1.88T | -2.14T | -1.07T | 251.66B | 444.89B | -855B | -2.68T | -999.05B | -1.61T | -1.65T | -43.94B | -602.82B |
| Change in Receivables | -254.03B | -485.1B | 305.44B | -1.21T | -43.79B | -1.58B | 66.46B | -433.29B | -81.22B | -303.34B | 252.2B | 112.67B | 13.01B | 938.5B | 1.84T | -1.41T | -80.5B | -757.56B | -608.21B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | 470.25B | 739.41B | -67.6B | -249.92B | -170.77B | 32.8B | 288.51B | -23.97B | -274.21B | -97.71B | 152.94B | -178.8B | 301.21B | 229.12B | -287.58B | 32.11B | 36.85B | -274.85B | -131.31B | -65.14B | 154.71B | 32.08B | -15B | -207.5B | -275.8B | -178.71B | -104.93B | -44.73B | 131.73B |
| Change in Payables | 547.92B | 136.92B | -233.8B | 121.52B | -368.36B | 289.04B | 0 | 44.35B | -167.84B | 162.11B | -114.84B | 81.3B | -417.94B | -145.36B | 177.58B | 98.76B | -262.58B | 645.92B | -417.49B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -3.96T | -4.56T | -2.85T | -4.62T | -4.84T | -5.14T | -3.76T | -3.89T | -2.7T | -3.48T | -3.48T | -2.4T | -3.17T | -3.66T | -3.84T | -2.65T | -3.44T | -2.87T | -3.53T | -3.45T | -2.92T | -2.5T | -3.5T | -1.55T | -4.06T | -3.92T | -5.49T | -3.34T | -4.06T |
| Capital Expenditures | -3.44T | -4.1T | -2.93T | -4.17T | -3.99T | -4.25T | -3.21T | -3.8T | -3.01T | -3.06T | -3.22T | -3.52T | -3.43T | -3.64T | -4.28T | -3.69T | -3.59T | -2.99T | -3.55T | -3.45T | -3.56T | -2.84T | -2.87T | -3.37T | -3.23T | -4.41T | -4.58T | -3.07T | -3.62T |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 12.1% | 14.5% | 11.09% | 15.87% | 15.55% | 17.08% | 13.31% | 15.42% | 12.95% | 13.14% | 14.12% | 15.83% | 15.35% | 15.94% | 17.93% | 17.29% | 17.96% | 15.22% | 18.13% | 18.5% | 20.99% | 16.69% | 17.41% | 19.98% | 19.72% | 27.66% | 33.85% | 26.14% | 36.51% |
| Acquisitions | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | -253.73B | -13.69B | -323.81B | 128.96B | 203.44B | 187.16B | -353.55B | 93.23B | 124.67B | 86.3B | 101.78B | 190.54B | 235.7B | 157.98B | 474.7B | 930.8B | 236.98B | -127.4B | 147.61B | -3.13T | 172.98B | -123.51B | 62B | 875B | -828.47B | -169.51B | -1.47T | -273.05B | -436.08B |
| Cash from Financing | -1.28T | -655.68B | -1.39T | -452.79B | 669.33B | -41.28B | -647.59B | -249.75B | -531.67B | -1.36T | -943.27B | -1.16T | 1.07T | -311.79B | -1.27T | 768.47B | -128.98B | -930.45B | 1.05T | -1.37T | -2.31T | -3.69T | -103B | -2.13T | -844.13B | 755.58B | 2.86T | 578.14B | 1.04T |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -199.54B | -253.39B | -59.22B | -300.09B | 0 | -193.63B | -114.68B | 0 | -24.41B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34.05B | 0 | 11.37B | 0 | 0 | -528.14B | -73.81B | -196.33B | 7.7B | -13.26B | -146.16B | -464.26B | -3.4T | 0 | 0 | 1.56T | 3.06B |
| Dividends Paid | -573.91B | -585.64B | -872.35B | -526.83B | -450.39B | -350.33B | -310.57B | -305.16B | -298.63B | -243.14B | -184.1B | -41.58B | -222.8B | -511.27B | -486.6B | -586.15B | -502.19B | -229.36B | -409.27B | -473.04B | -406.46B | -675.83B | -660B | -223.75B | -224.91B | -161.63B | -94.82B | -67.72B | -81.32B |
| Share Repurchases | -199.54B | -253.39B | -59.22B | -300.09B | 0 | -193.63B | -114.68B | -122.92B | -24.41B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -300M | -528.14B | -73.81B | -196.33B | -361.04B | -13.37B | -146.16B | -505.49B | -3.4T | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | 53.62B | 169.15B | 90.92B | 675.05B | 107.09B | -3.15B | 57.58B | -33.32B | 4.97B | 115.29B | -99.21B | -44.95B | 32.73B | -60.77B | -290.61B | 202.71B | -207.94B | -325.11B | -110.92B | -268.01B | -1.02T | 392.05B | -75.14B | -231.56B | -696.8B | -65.7B | -236.41B | -35.45B | -433.84B |
| Net Change in Cash | -585.92B | -129.92B | 837.13B | 430.49B | -570.53B | 384.97B | 328.73B | -397.53B | 775.24B | -972.13B | 340.85B | 670.8B | -182.2B | 140.31B | 609.5B | 283.53B | -344.77B | -352.8B | 505.93B | -443.84B | 268.87B | -207.06B | 961B | -342.5B | -82.33B | 467.81B | 29.08B | 150.96B | -371.68B |
| Free Cash Flow | 1.5T | 1.36T | 2.16T | 1.33T | -390.07B | 1.31T | 1.02T | -55.18B | 1T | 821.97B | 1.55T | 714.86B | -1.51T | 472.92B | 1.45T | -1.53T | -346.9B | 407.99B | -633.5B | 815.67B | 1.94T | 3.13T | 1.69T | -20B | 1.59T | -781.87B | -1.93T | -154.13B | -977.67B |
| FCF Margin % | 5.27% | 4.83% | 8.17% | 5.06% | -1.52% | 5.26% | 4.21% | -0.22% | 4.32% | 3.53% | 6.8% | 3.22% | -6.78% | 2.07% | 6.06% | -7.2% | -1.74% | 2.08% | -3.23% | 4.37% | 11.45% | 18.41% | 10.24% | -0.12% | 9.73% | -4.9% | -14.27% | -1.31% | -9.86% |
| FCF Growth % | 192.6% | -36.78% | 62.06% | 441.11% | -129.77% | 29.06% | 1940.19% | -105.5% | 22.07% | -46.99% | 116.92% | 147.19% | -420.33% | -67.27% | 194.15% | -342.47% | -185.03% | 164.4% | -177.67% | -57.94% | -38.13% | 85.59% | 8545% | -101.25% | 303.93% | 59.53% | -1153.28% | 84.23% | - |
| FCF per Share | 2694.68 | 2704.53 | 4382.66 | 2665.52 | -804.85 | 2779.91 | 2069.79 | -112.49 | 2047.27 | 1676.83 | 3164.88 | 1459.76 | -3098.67 | 970.14 | 2966.85 | -3154.36 | -713.12 | 936.75 | -1539.00 | 1980.82 | 4615.06 | 7370.82 | 3752.18 | -40.33 | 2656.52 | -953.32 | -3092.28 | -254.89 | -1697.84 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 0.95x | 2.91x | 11.02x | 5.54x | 2.85x | 4.10x | 6.76x | 5.80x | 6.21x | 8.40x | 6.40x | 7.74x | -1.86x | -21.65x | 5.47x | 1.49x | 2.50x | 6.87x | 5.69x | 3.64x | 4.46x | 5.55x | 3.68x | 3.88x | 2.48x | 3.26x | 2.69x | 2.02x | 13.88x |
| Interest Paid | 115.76B | 0 | 394.16B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
High capital intensity requirements
As reported in recent financial statements, KT's operating cash flow to net income ratio has fluctuated wildly, reaching a high of 27.45 in 2023Q4, which suggests that reported net income is a poor proxy for the company's actual ability to generate cash from core operations.
The significant disconnect between net income and operating cash flow indicates that non-cash charges and accounting adjustments play a disproportionate role in the company's bottom line. Investors should monitor whether this volatility reflects structural accounting nuances or an inability to translate service revenue into realized cash inflows.
Based on quarterly filings, KT's free cash flow margin has swung from a positive 22.6% in 2024Q2 to a negative 15.3% in 2025Q1, illustrating a highly inconsistent trajectory that complicates the company's ability to fund dividends and strategic investments through internal cash generation alone.
This erratic FCF performance appears tied to the lumpy nature of capital expenditures and working capital swings. The inability to maintain consistent positive free cash flow suggests that the company's current business model remains highly sensitive to the timing of infrastructure investments and regulatory-driven cost pressures.
According to recent SEC filings, KT's capital expenditure as a percentage of revenue reached as high as 20.1% in 2025Q1, highlighting the heavy financial burden required to maintain and upgrade the company's extensive legacy telecommunications infrastructure and support new AI-driven service initiatives.
The persistent need for high capital intensity suggests that KT is trapped in a cycle of continuous reinvestment to remain competitive, which limits the amount of cash available for shareholder returns. This high level of spending warrants further investigation into whether these investments are yielding the expected returns on invested capital.
As indicated by the provided data, KT experienced a significant working capital outflow of 841.0B in 2026Q1, which suggests that the company is struggling to manage its cash conversion cycle effectively amidst its ongoing transition toward more complex B2B and digital service offerings.
The frequent negative working capital changes imply that the company may be facing challenges in collecting receivables or managing inventory levels efficiently. This trend appears to be a recurring drag on operating cash flow, potentially masking the underlying profitability of the core telecommunications business.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying KT stock.
KT Corporation (KT) generated $5.01T in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
KT Corporation (KT) generated $1.36T in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
KT Corporation (KT) spent $4.10T on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, KT Corporation (KT) returned $585.64B to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $253.39B on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.