Cash flow generation is highly erratic, highlighted by an OCF/NI ratio that fluctuated from a negative 3.21 in 2023Q4 to a positive 3.84 in 2024Q3.
| Metric | TTM | May'25 | May'24 | May'23 | May'22 | May'21 | May'20 | May'19 | May'18 | May'17 | May'16 | May'15 | May'14 | May'13 | May'12 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 253.14M | 207.53M | 320.62M | 337.77M | 250.79M | 239.96M | 219.22M | 197.04M | 155.23M | 179.57M | 227.56M | 218.98M | 189.99M | 163.48M | -4.21B |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 70.95% | 46.78% | 55.05% | 27.95% | 26.29% | -47.33% | -401.65% | 28.1% | 44.5% | 524.62% | 122.31% | 67.2% | 35.78% | -2111.87% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 79.82% | -35.27% | -5.08% | 34.68% | 4.52% | 9.46% | 11.25% | 26.93% | -13.55% | -21.09% | 3.92% | 15.26% | 16.21% | 103.89% | - |
| Net Income | 308.34M | 140.01M | 553.35M | 501.49M | 795.85M | 811.67M | -585.24M | -149.23M | 455.19M | 309.91M | -49.65M | -19.03M | 190.07M | 353.76M | -144.73M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | -2.03M | -2.98M | 40.3M | 4.72M | 7.55M | 7.96M | 9.24M | 9.3M | 7.93M | 7.17M | 7.33M | 6.5M | 5.65M | 5.38M | 0 |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -37.47M | 150.47M | -255.5M | -107.13M | -549.04M | -588.95M | 778.75M | 343.13M | -291.93M | -139.29M | 276.11M | 238.22M | 20.01M | -212.75M | 144.73M |
| Working Capital Changes | -15.99M | -79.97M | -17.52M | -61.3M | -3.56M | 9.28M | 16.47M | -6.16M | -15.95M | 1.78M | -6.22M | -6.71M | -25.74M | 17.09M | -4.21B |
| Change in Receivables | -15.99M | -79.97M | -17.52M | -61.3M | -3.56M | 9.28M | 16.47M | -6.16M | -15.95M | 1.78M | -6.22M | -6.71M | -25.74M | 17.09M | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Payables | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.39M | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -2.29B | -2.32B | -1.82B | -2.46B | -1.63B | -1.97B | -481.3M | -697.68M | -1.21B | -998.42M | -1.56B | -956.65M | -47.44M | -2.12B | 191.17M |
| Capital Expenditures | 949K | 0 | 0 | -7.72M | -17.73M | -9.86M | -9.56M | -14.72M | -15.19M | -17.79M | -9.81M | -9.94M | -8.23M | -7.12M | 0 |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 0.2% | 1.61% | 0.9% | 1.26% | 1.98% | 1.08% | -2.07% | -30.02% | 2.75% | 4.41% | 22.61% | 5.55% | 2.91% | 1.56% | - |
| Acquisitions | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | 0 | 124.92M | 318.24M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 59.05M |
| Other Investing | -2.47B | -2.5B | -2.02B | -2.45B | -1.61B | -1.96B | -471.73M | -682.95M | -1.2B | -980.63M | -1.55B | -1.01B | -39.22M | -2.11B | 191.17M |
| Cash from Financing | 2.03B | 1.97B | 1.58B | 2.17B | 1.24B | 1.36B | 755.9M | 448.02M | 1.11B | 798.11M | 1.29B | 647.79M | 19.11M | 1.94B | 0 |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Equity Issued (Net) | 0 | -46.85M | -110.2M | -59.19M | -57.76M | -59.89M | -63.03M | -49.86M | -44.67M | -41.87M | -38.85M | -39.2M | -40.03M | 0 | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | 0 | -46.85M | -110.2M | -59.19M | -57.76M | -59.89M | -63.03M | -49.86M | -44.67M | -41.87M | -38.85M | -39.2M | -40.03M | -35.04M | -191.17M |
| Other Financing | 364.87M | 751.6M | -217.8M | -440.3M | 395.51M | 618.64M | 352.46M | -204.21M | 450.56M | 401.44M | -191.91M | -974.83M | -257.01M | 1.94B | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -7.26M | -145.22M | 81.1M | 46.12M | -142.25M | -376.66M | 493.81M | -52.62M | 50.4M | -16.12M | -44.3M | -89.88M | 161.65M | -14.11M | -4.02B |
| Free Cash Flow | 249.39M | 202.84M | 314.47M | 330.05M | 233.07M | 230.09M | 209.65M | 182.32M | 140.04M | 161.78M | 217.75M | 209.04M | 181.76M | 156.36M | -4.21B |
| FCF Margin % | 53.52% | 69.35% | 45.88% | 53.79% | 25.98% | 25.21% | -45.27% | -371.64% | 25.35% | 40.09% | 502.01% | 116.76% | 64.29% | 34.23% | -2111.87% |
| FCF Growth % | 6.22% | -35.5% | -4.72% | 41.61% | 1.29% | 9.75% | 14.99% | 30.19% | -13.44% | -25.71% | 4.17% | 15.01% | 16.24% | 103.72% | - |
| FCF per Share | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 0.81x | 1.49x | 0.58x | 0.67x | 0.32x | 0.30x | -0.37x | -1.32x | 0.34x | 0.58x | -4.58x | -11.51x | 1.00x | 0.46x | 27.31x |
| Interest Paid | -304.16M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Derivative-driven cash flow volatility
According to quarterly financial data, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow is highly erratic, with OCF/NI ratios swinging from a negative 3.21 in 2023Q4 to a positive 3.84 in 2024Q3, indicating that reported earnings are poor proxies for actual liquidity generation.
The extreme divergence between net income and operating cash flow suggests that non-cash accounting adjustments, particularly those related to interest rate derivatives, are heavily distorting the cooperative's reported profitability. Investors should monitor these swings closely, as they may mask underlying trends in the core lending business's ability to convert interest income into tangible cash.
As reported in financial statements, free cash flow has demonstrated significant inconsistency over the last ten quarters, ranging from a low of negative $44.3M in 2025Q4 to a high of $149.0M in 2025Q3, highlighting the inherent difficulty in predicting cash availability for member-owner distributions.
The lack of a stable free cash flow trajectory appears to be a byproduct of the cooperative's reliance on debt markets and the timing of large-scale infrastructure financing. This volatility warrants further investigation into whether the cooperative can maintain consistent liquidity buffers during periods of market stress or unexpected member demand.
Based on reported figures, working capital changes have been a major source of cash flow variance, notably shifting from a $80.5M inflow in 2025Q3 to an $82.9M outflow in 2025Q4, which suggests that the timing of member loan disbursements and collections is highly irregular.
These sharp fluctuations in working capital indicate that the cooperative's cash position is sensitive to the operational cycles of its member-owners. Such variability may indicate that NRUC is absorbing the liquidity shocks of its members, which could potentially strain the cooperative's own cash reserves if multiple members face simultaneous funding needs.
As evidenced by recent filings, capital deployment has been sporadic, with share buyback activity fluctuating significantly, such as the $110.2M outflow in 2024Q4 compared to periods of zero activity, suggesting that management's approach to returning capital to members is opportunistic rather than systematic.
The irregular nature of these capital deployments implies that management prioritizes liquidity preservation over a predictable dividend or buyback policy. This strategy appears consistent with a cooperative model that must maintain high credit ratings, yet it leaves members with little clarity regarding the timing or magnitude of future capital returns.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying NRUC stock.
National Rural Utilities Cooper (NRUC) generated $207.5M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
National Rural Utilities Cooper (NRUC) generated $202.8M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
National Rural Utilities Cooper (NRUC) spent $0.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, National Rural Utilities Cooper (NRUC) spent $46.8M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.