Cash flow generation has become increasingly erratic, highlighted by a negative $47.2 million free cash flow in 2026Q1 and a $42.7 million drain from working capital.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 112.15M | 167M | 174.26M | 218.48M | 102.69M | 23.07M | 89.1M | 129.94M | 97.55M | 70.07M | 122.74M | 86.68M | 32.54M | 60.3M | 50.08M | 46.7M | 69.24M | 131.6M | 107.87M | 158.81M | -13.26M | 131M | -1.98M | 64.66M | 12.21M | 75.82M | 34.12M | 60.67M | 13.3M | 24.4M | 13.6M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 14.71% | 13.32% | 15.86% | 7.39% | 1.72% | 8.63% | 14.47% | 9.73% | 7.1% | 12.18% | 8.33% | 3.77% | 7.29% | 6.34% | 6.09% | 10.11% | 15.78% | 8.75% | 12.11% | -1.02% | 11.12% | -0.2% | 8.53% | 1.89% | 12.31% | 5.04% | 9.76% | 2.38% | 5.43% | 3.96% |
| Operating CF Growth % | -287.06% | -4.17% | -20.24% | 112.75% | 345.13% | -74.11% | -31.42% | 33.21% | 39.21% | -42.91% | 41.59% | 166.38% | -46.03% | 20.39% | 7.25% | -32.56% | -47.38% | 21.99% | -32.07% | 1297.32% | -110.13% | 6702.77% | -103.07% | 429.81% | -83.9% | 122.21% | -43.76% | 356.16% | -45.49% | 79.41% | -61.9% |
| Net Income | 8.97M | -44.39M | 137.34M | 110.53M | 82.41M | 74.52M | 83.29M | 65.09M | 63.81M | 62.97M | 33.72M | 23.48M | -81.79M | -5.63M | 12.65M | 9.22M | -73.4M | -51.87M | 33.41M | 13.22M | 57.27M | 44.68M | 50.78M | 26.95M | 23.85M | 12.53M | 24.36M | 25.01M | 19.8M | 16.4M | 16M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 36.67M | 29.85M | 27.31M | 27.38M | 26.17M | 31.97M | 20.91M | 19.95M | 20.37M | 21.69M | 24.11M | 30.55M | 25.43M | 27.05M | 26.34M | 23.96M | 26.39M | 32.41M | 33.91M | 33.06M | 27.5M | 28.61M | 25.03M | 22.45M | 20.48M | 23.49M | 21.19M | 17.45M | 13.3M | 8.5M | 6.2M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 4.04M | 8.34M | 10.96M | 9.75M | 8.33M | 8.65M | 8.17M | 12.57M | 9.19M | 7.12M | 6.37M | 3.89M | 3.15M | 2.56M | 3.15M | 4.64M | 4.32M | 4.41M | 4.59M | 2.89M | 2.67M | 1.5M | 153K | 212K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -1.97M | -1.97M | -486K | 10.8M | 6.34M | 2.97M | 3.79M | 3.3M | 4.78M | -7.11M | -4.89M | -2.05M | -6.64M | -1.24M | 994K | 5.03M | -10.63M | 1.57M | 1.57M | 5.28M | -28.95M | -3.36M | 6.77M | 6.5M | 5.8M | 4.54M | 5.25M | 2.38M | 1.7M | 2.2M | 800K |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 41.75M | 144.31M | -8.07M | 19.06M | 17.77M | 9.06M | 16.64M | 5.7M | 4.14M | 365K | 27.11M | 11.16M | 107.58M | 35.12M | 10.2M | 4.73M | 102.12M | 45.16M | 16.02M | 40.16M | 16M | 1.07M | -1.52M | 1.44M | 956K | 704K | -137K | 231K | 100K | -500K | -100K |
| Working Capital Changes | -21.91M | 30.86M | 7.2M | 40.95M | -38.33M | -104.09M | -43.7M | 23.32M | -4.75M | -14.97M | 36.31M | 19.66M | -15.19M | 2.42M | -3.25M | -888K | 20.43M | 99.92M | 18.38M | 64.2M | -87.75M | 58.49M | -83.2M | 7.11M | -38.89M | 34.55M | -16.55M | 15.6M | -21.6M | -2.2M | -8.8M |
| Change in Receivables | -36.53M | 12.21M | 17.91M | -15.38M | 32.75M | -41.89M | 2.28M | -9.42M | 9.74M | -21.81M | 37.83M | -17.21M | -14.32M | -1.02M | 6.27M | -7.61M | -4.12M | 34.84M | 12.27M | 19.2M | 3.82M | 8.33M | -27.69M | -2.88M | -9.23M | 2.29M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | -13.05M | -4.93M | -18.62M | 45.91M | 14.38M | -85.76M | -5.72M | 23.11M | -16.95M | 870K | 11.78M | 22.27M | -8.6M | -4.97M | -1.02M | -10.1M | 1.94M | 83.92M | 1.77M | 42.67M | -55.05M | 46.68M | -89.62M | 11.06M | -30.31M | 25.14M | -206K | 6.87M | -6.3M | 1.6M | -17.1M |
| Change in Payables | 42.39M | 7.2M | 26.53M | -14.39M | -76.26M | 38.37M | -1.16M | 2.57M | -4.83M | 11.33M | -17.06M | -5.16M | 11.21M | 417K | -3.77M | 2.08M | 12.83M | -7.54M | -8.72M | 10.18M | -31.73M | 4.71M | 38.15M | 1.05M | 3.47M | 5.88M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -1.33B | -257.4M | 8.54M | -15.72M | -71.68M | 24.54M | -326.71M | -19.67M | -14.55M | -16.8M | -23.87M | -125.34M | -17.02M | -7.87M | -55.76M | -50.21M | 19.39M | -15.46M | 7.07M | -209.98M | 65.4M | -250.59M | -89.33M | -114.17M | -22.72M | -24.74M | -54.75M | -84.54M | -121.3M | -47.1M | -38.4M |
| Capital Expenditures | -40.7M | -46.13M | -19.93M | -13.91M | -20.06M | -17.7M | -13.07M | -11.18M | -12.46M | -11.4M | -10.78M | -12.37M | -23.29M | -14.94M | -11.35M | -11.55M | -8.47M | -10.81M | -21.59M | -18.75M | -21.9M | -22.12M | -25.2M | -22.57M | -15.99M | -14.34M | -19.62M | -22M | -121.5M | -21.8M | -15.5M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 3.39% | 4.06% | 1.52% | 1.01% | 1.44% | 1.32% | 1.27% | 1.25% | 1.24% | 1.16% | 1.07% | 1.19% | 2.7% | 1.81% | 1.44% | 1.51% | 1.24% | 1.3% | 1.75% | 1.43% | 1.68% | 1.88% | 2.48% | 2.98% | 2.48% | 2.33% | 2.9% | 3.54% | 21.78% | 4.85% | 4.52% |
| Acquisitions | -1.37B | -210.65M | 28.47M | -9.86M | -51.62M | 42.2M | -311.69M | -8.6M | -5.24M | -18.49M | -15.16M | -140.62M | 0 | -5.54M | -45.07M | -41.72M | 29.16M | -4.95M | 35.2M | -194.75M | 94.06M | -271.03M | -65.53M | -84.24M | -8.85M | -10.83M | -42.88M | -65.38M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 73.97M | -620K | 0 | 8.05M | 0 | 38K | -1.96M | 106K | 3.15M | 13.1M | 2.07M | 27.65M | 5.99M | 12.61M | 588K | 1.51M | 477K | 299K | -6.53M | 3.52M | -6.76M | 42.56M | 1.39M | -7.8M | 2.12M | 435K | 7.75M | 2.84M | 200K | -25.3M | -22.9M |
| Cash from Financing | 1.22B | -63.67M | -12.19M | -120.33M | -25.01M | -66.61M | 79.46M | -217.05M | -6.18M | -2.6M | 2.6M | -184K | -322K | -2.69M | -1.17M | -2.77M | -51.36M | -103.85M | -138.93M | 72.91M | -72.24M | 136.9M | 73.19M | 74.87M | 6.03M | -44.63M | 17.64M | 26.68M | 107.4M | 19.6M | 26.2M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 1.22B | 0 | 0 | -91M | 66.5M | -61.14M | 85M | -212M | -400K | -400K | -400K | -1.57M | -407K | 4.91M | -473K | -1.98M | -50.57M | -99.38M | -131.6M | 79.02M | -64.05M | 153.27M | 67.31M | 4.04M | -45.37M | -43.58M | 19.23M | 26.92M | 107.3M | 18.4M | -9.3M |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -5.14M | -63.67M | -12.19M | -29.33M | -89.49M | -5.48M | -5.54M | -3.81M | -5.78M | -2.2M | 1.8M | 845K | 20K | -714K | -692K | -792K | -844K | -587K | 86K | -256K | 1.17M | 1.63M | 9.6M | 73.56M | 53.67M | 589K | -145K | 1.01M | 100K | 1.2M | 35.5M |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.5M | -5.99M | -5.97M | -5.96M | -5.94M | -3.72M | -2.73M | -2.27M | -1.64M | -1.45M | -1.25M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -5.33M | -63.87M | -12.19M | -29.33M | -89.49M | -6.5M | -6.66M | -4.3M | -7.17M | -2.87M | -1.54M | -956K | -575K | -714K | -970K | -826K | -1.11M | -634K | -164K | -393K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -181K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2.01M | 0 | 0 | -1.24M | 0 | 0 | 1.25M | 537K | 65K | -6.88M | -8K | 0 | 54K | -2.38M | -1.43M | 121K | -3.41M | -12.06M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -4.77M | -153.76M | 170.05M | 81.82M | 4.76M | -19.2M | -159.31M | -105.64M | 74.73M | 52.1M | 101.32M | -41.75M | 13.57M | 49.01M | -6.09M | -6.75M | 37.27M | 12.29M | -23.98M | 21.81M | -15.05M | 17.64M | -18.13M | 25.36M | -4.49M | 6.45M | -2.99M | 2.81M | -600K | -3.1M | 1.4M |
| Free Cash Flow | 71.45M | 120.87M | 154.33M | 204.57M | 82.63M | 5.37M | 76.04M | 118.75M | 85.09M | 58.67M | 111.96M | 74.31M | 9.25M | 45.35M | 38.73M | 35.14M | 60.77M | 120.79M | 86.28M | 140.06M | -35.16M | 108.88M | -27.18M | 42.09M | -3.79M | 61.47M | 14.5M | 38.67M | -108.2M | 2.6M | -1.9M |
| FCF Margin % | 5.95% | 10.64% | 11.79% | 14.85% | 5.94% | 0.4% | 7.36% | 13.22% | 8.49% | 5.94% | 11.11% | 7.14% | 1.07% | 5.48% | 4.9% | 4.58% | 8.87% | 14.48% | 7% | 10.68% | -2.7% | 9.24% | -2.68% | 5.55% | -0.59% | 9.98% | 2.14% | 6.22% | -19.39% | 0.58% | -0.55% |
| FCF Growth % | -33.7% | -21.68% | -24.56% | 147.58% | 1440.15% | -92.94% | -35.97% | 39.56% | 45.03% | -47.6% | 50.66% | 703.28% | -79.6% | 17.11% | 10.21% | -42.17% | -49.69% | 39.99% | -38.4% | 498.3% | -132.3% | 500.58% | -164.57% | 1210.61% | -106.17% | 323.92% | -62.5% | 135.74% | -4261.54% | 236.84% | -108.96% |
| FCF per Share | 2.40 | 4.03 | 5.02 | 6.65 | 2.57 | 0.16 | 2.31 | 3.63 | 2.62 | 1.82 | 3.49 | 2.36 | 0.30 | 1.47 | 1.26 | 1.15 | 2.01 | 4.01 | 2.86 | 4.65 | -1.17 | 3.65 | -0.92 | 1.73 | -0.16 | 3.21 | 0.76 | 2.01 | -5.70 | 0.14 | -0.11 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 7.97x | 1.71x | 1.27x | 1.98x | 1.25x | 0.31x | 1.38x | 2.00x | 1.53x | 1.12x | 3.64x | 3.70x | -0.40x | -10.70x | 3.96x | 2.83x | -0.76x | -2.53x | 4.48x | 12.01x | -0.23x | 3.01x | -0.04x | 2.40x | 0.51x | 6.05x | 1.40x | 2.43x | 0.67x | 1.49x | 0.85x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 1.05M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 31.04M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Project-based cash flow volatility
According to the provided cash flow statements, ROCK's OCF/NI ratio has exhibited extreme volatility, swinging from a high of 2.13 in 2024Q1 to a negative 0.82 in 2025Q3, which suggests that reported net income is an unreliable proxy for the company's actual cash-generating capacity.
The significant divergence between net income and operating cash flow indicates that non-cash items and aggressive accruals may be masking underlying operational performance. Investors should monitor whether this disconnect stems from persistent timing differences in project-based revenue recognition or more fundamental issues regarding the collectability of receivables.
As reported in financial statements, ROCK's free cash flow trajectory has become increasingly erratic, culminating in a negative $47.2 million outflow in 2026Q1, a stark reversal from the $59.1 million generated in 2024Q3, highlighting the cyclical vulnerability of the company's current project-heavy business model.
The inability to maintain consistent positive free cash flow suggests that the company's pivot toward Agtech and Renewables is introducing significant cash flow risk. This trend warrants further investigation into whether the current cost structure is too rigid to accommodate the lumpy nature of project-based revenue streams.
Based on the historical data, working capital changes have frequently acted as a significant drain on cash, including a $42.7 million outflow in 2026Q1, which suggests that the company is struggling to efficiently convert its project-based billings into actual cash inflows during the current cycle.
The recurring negative impact of working capital on operating cash flow may indicate that the company is extending more lenient payment terms to secure project wins in competitive markets. This trend appears to be a primary driver of the recent cash flow deterioration and suggests that management's focus on growth may be compromising liquidity.
As evidenced by the $1.3 billion net acquisition outflow in 2026Q1, ROCK has utilized its balance sheet to pursue inorganic growth, a strategy that appears to have significantly depleted cash reserves despite the company's historically conservative debt profile and focus on portfolio simplification.
The scale of recent acquisition spending relative to operating cash flow suggests a high-risk deployment strategy that may be difficult to sustain if project-based segments continue to underperform. Investors should monitor whether these capital outlays will generate sufficient returns to offset the current cash burn and justify the significant reduction in liquidity.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying ROCK stock.
Gibraltar Industries, Inc. (ROCK) generated $167.0M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Gibraltar Industries, Inc. (ROCK) generated $120.9M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Gibraltar Industries, Inc. (ROCK) spent $46.1M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Gibraltar Industries, Inc. (ROCK) spent $63.9M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.