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SOThe Southern Company
$93.09$104.9B
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SO logoThe Southern Company(SO)Earnings, Financials & Key Ratios

SO•NYSE•Utilities
23.7× P/E·Price updated Jun 19, 2026
SectorUtilitiesIndustryElectric UtilitiesSub-IndustryElectric and gas combination utilities
AboutThe Southern Company, through its subsidiaries, engages in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity. It operates through Gas Distribution Operations, Gas Pipeline Investments, Wholesale Gas Services, and Gas Marketing Services segments. The company also develops, constructs, acquires, owns, and manages power generation assets, including renewable energy projects and sells electricity in the wholesale market; and distributes natural gas in Illinois, Georgia, Virginia, and Tennessee, as well as provides gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas pipeline investments operations. In addition, it owns and/or operates 30 hydroelectric generating stations, 24 fossil fuel generating stations, three nuclear generating stations, 13 combined cycle/cogeneration stations, 45 solar facilities, 15 wind facilities, one fuel cell facility, and four battery storage facility; and constructs, operates, and maintains 76,289 miles of natural gas pipelines and 14 storage facilities with total capacity of 157 Bcf to provide natural gas to residential, commercial, and industrial customers. The company serves approximately 8.7 million electric and gas utility customers. Further, the company offers digital wireless communications and fiber optics services. The Southern Company was incorporated in 1945 and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.Show more
  • Revenue$29.55B+10.6%
  • EBITDA$13.3B+7.8%
  • Net Income$4.34B-1.4%
  • Free Cash Flow-$3.59B-531.0%
  • EBITDA Margin45.01%-2.5%
  • Net Margin14.69%-10.8%
  • ROE11.49%-6.1%
  • Interest Coverage2.51-13.5%
  • Debt/Equity1.69-6.3%

SO Key Insights

The Southern Company (SO) fundamental analysis — strengths, weaknesses & financial health based on data analysis

✓Strengths

  • ✓Dividend Aristocrat: 25 years of consecutive increases
  • ✓25 years of consecutive dividend growth
  • ✓Healthy dividend yield of 2.9%

✗Weaknesses

No significant weaknesses identified

* These insights are generated automatically based on available financial data. Please conduct your own research before making investment decisions.

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SO Price & Volume

The Southern Company (SO) stock price & volume — 10-year historical chart

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SO Growth Metrics

The Southern Company (SO) revenue, earnings & EPS growth — 3, 5 & 10-year CAGR

Revenue CAGR

10 Years5.39%
5 Years7.72%
3 Years0.31%
TTM8.33%

Profit CAGR

10 Years6.01%
5 Years6.73%
3 Years7.09%
TTM-5.28%

EPS CAGR

10 Years4.19%
5 Years5.85%
3 Years6.34%
TTM-6.24%

Return on Capital

10 Years4.74%
5 Years4.71%
3 Years5.24%
Last Year5.43%

SO Recent Earnings

The Southern Company (SO) EPS & revenue vs analyst estimates — last 4 quarters

Full history →
●Beat EPS 10/12 qtrs (83%)●Beat Revenue 9/12 qtrs (75%)
Q2 2026Latest
Apr 30, 2026
Metric
Actual
Est
EPS
$1.32+9.1%
$1.21
Rev
$8.4B+4.0%
$8.1B
Q1 2026
Feb 19, 2026
Metric
Actual
Est
EPS
$0.55-1.4%
$0.56
Rev
$7.0B+14.5%
$6.1B
Q4 2025
Oct 30, 2025
Metric
Actual
Est
EPS
$1.60+6.0%
$1.51
Rev
$7.8B+2.7%
$7.6B
Q3 2025
Jul 31, 2025
Metric
Actual
Est
EPS
$0.91+4.0%
$0.88
Rev
$7.0B+9.6%
$6.4B
QuarterDateEPS (Act vs Est)Revenue (Act vs Est)
Q2 2026LatestApr 30, 2026
$1.32vs $1.21+9.1%
$8.4Bvs $8.1B+4.0%
Q1 2026Feb 19, 2026
$0.55vs $0.56-1.4%
$7.0Bvs $6.1B+14.5%
Q4 2025Oct 30, 2025
$1.60vs $1.51+6.0%
$7.8Bvs $7.6B+2.7%
Q3 2025Jul 31, 2025
$0.91vs $0.88+4.0%
$7.0Bvs $6.4B+9.6%
Based on last 12 quarters of dataView full earnings history →

SO Peer Comparison

The Southern Company (SO) competitors in Electric and gas combination utilities — business model, growth, and fundamentals comparison

Select Columns
Stock Universe
Valuation
Growth
Profitability
Financial Health
Dividends & Buybacks
Price Performance
Technical
Fundamentals ($)
Sector-Specific
Institutional Holdings
CompanyMarket CapStock PriceP/E Ratio (TTM)Revenue Growth 1YNet MarginReturn on Equity (ROE)FCF YieldDebt / Equity
DUK logoDUKDuke Energy CorporationDirect Competitor96.56B123.8619.636.19%15.44%9.6%1.71
D logoDDominion Energy, Inc.Direct Competitor60.12B68.4019.8214.16%13.48%7.08%1.46
AEP logoAEPAmerican Electric Power Company, Inc.Direct Competitor69.48B127.6919.179.37%16.49%11.45%1.56
EXC logoEXCExelon CorporationDirect Competitor46.87B45.8116.725.34%11.21%9.76%1.76
XEL logoXELXcel Energy Inc.Direct Competitor48.32B77.4122.639.14%14.14%9.34%1.47
PPL logoPPLPPL CorporationDirect Competitor26.62B35.3822.116.85%13.09%8.32%1.30
ETR logoETREntergy CorporationDirect Competitor50.87B111.1128.428.98%13.56%10.57%1.80
NEE logoNEENextEra Energy, Inc.Product Competitor180.9B86.7526.3711%29.3%12.66%1.44

Compare SO vs Peers

The Southern Company (SO) vs competitors — business, growth, and fundamentals comparison against the closest industry rivals.

Closest Rival

vs DUK

Most directly comparable listed peer for SO.

Scale Benchmark

vs GE

Larger-name benchmark to compare SO against a more recognizable public peer.

Peer Set

Compare Top 5

vs DUK, D, AEP, EXC

SO Income Statement

The Southern Company (SO) annual income statement — 10-year revenue, gross profit & net income history

10Y historyFree accessUpdated daily
MetricDec'17Dec'18Dec'19Dec'20Dec'21Dec'22Dec'23Dec'24Dec'25TTM
Revenue
23.03B23.5B21.42B20.38B23.11B29.28B25.25B26.72B29.55B30.17B
Revenue Growth %
15.76%2.01%-8.84%-4.87%13.44%26.68%-13.75%5.83%10.59%8.33%
Cost of Revenue
13.12B13.88B11.82B10.48B12.87B18.65B13.54B13.38B20.74B17.16B
Gross Profit
9.91B▲ 0%
9.62B▼ 3.0%
9.6B▼ 0.1%
9.9B▲ 3.1%
10.25B▲ 3.5%
10.63B▲ 3.7%
11.71B▲ 10.2%
13.34B▲ 14.0%
8.81B▼ 34.0%
13.01B▲ 0%
Gross Margin %
43.05%40.93%44.83%48.57%44.33%36.3%46.36%49.93%29.81%43.11%
Gross Profit Growth %
16.24%-3.02%-0.14%3.06%3.54%3.71%10.17%13.96%-33.98%-
Operating Expenses
7.58B5.42B1.87B5.01B6.55B5.26B5.88B6.27B1.54B5.72B
Other Operating Expenses
----------
EBITDA
5.79B7.74B11.07B8.79B7.67B9.43B10.81B12.33B13.3B13.34B
EBITDA Margin %
25.14%32.94%51.67%43.14%33.19%32.22%42.81%46.15%45.01%44.22%
EBITDA Growth %
-21.85%33.68%42.98%-20.57%-12.73%22.98%14.61%14.08%7.84%4.32%
Depreciation & Amortization
3.46B3.55B3.33B3.9B3.97B4.06B4.99B5.27B6.03B6.06B
D&A / Revenue %
15.01%15.11%15.55%19.17%17.19%13.88%19.74%19.71%20.4%20.07%
Operating Income (EBIT)
2.33B▲ 0%
4.19B▲ 79.6%
7.74B▲ 84.6%
4.88B▼ 36.9%
3.7B▼ 24.3%
5.37B▲ 45.2%
5.83B▲ 8.5%
7.07B▲ 21.3%
7.27B▲ 2.9%
7.29B▲ 0%
Operating Margin %
10.13%17.84%36.12%23.98%16%18.34%23.07%26.45%24.6%24.15%
Operating Income Growth %
-47.99%79.64%84.59%-36.85%-24.3%45.21%8.49%21.32%2.87%-
Interest Expense
1.69B1.84B1.74B1.82B1.84B2.02B2.45B2.74B3.31B4M
Interest Coverage
1.63x2.49x4.77x2.92x2.40x3.09x2.78x2.91x2.51x-
Interest / Revenue %
7.36%7.84%8.1%8.94%7.95%6.91%9.69%10.26%11.18%0.01%
Non-Operating Income
-1000K-1000K-1000K-1000K-1000K-1000K-1000K-1000K-1000K-4M
Pretax Income
1.07B▲ 0%
2.75B▲ 157.4%
6.54B▲ 138.0%
3.5B▼ 46.6%
2.58B▼ 26.3%
4.22B▲ 63.9%
4.34B▲ 2.9%
5.23B▲ 20.3%
5B▼ 4.4%
5.01B▲ 0%
Pretax Margin %
4.64%11.7%30.54%17.16%11.15%14.42%17.21%19.57%16.92%16.62%
Income Tax
142M449M1.8B393M267M795M496M969M828M772M
Effective Tax Rate %
13.3%16.33%27.48%11.24%10.36%18.83%11.42%18.53%16.56%15.39%
Net Income
880M▲ 0%
2.24B▲ 154.8%
4.75B▲ 112.0%
3.13B▼ 34.1%
2.41B▼ 23.2%
3.54B▲ 46.8%
3.98B▲ 12.5%
4.4B▲ 10.7%
4.34B▼ 1.4%
4.36B▲ 0%
Net Margin %
3.82%9.54%22.2%15.38%10.42%12.07%15.74%16.47%14.69%14.46%
Net Income Growth %
-64.7%154.77%112.04%-34.08%-23.17%46.8%12.48%10.69%-1.36%-5.28%
EPS (Diluted)
0.84▲ 0%
2.15▲ 156.0%
4.50▲ 109.3%
2.95▼ 34.4%
2.26▼ 23.4%
3.26▲ 44.2%
3.62▲ 11.0%
3.99▲ 10.2%
3.92▼ 1.8%
3.87▲ 0%
EPS Growth %
-65.99%155.95%109.3%-34.44%-23.39%44.25%11.04%10.22%-1.75%-6.24%
EPS (Basic)
0.842.154.502.952.263.283.644.023.94-
Diluted Shares Outstanding
1.01B1.03B1.05B1.06B1.06B1.08B1.1B1.1B1.11B1.13B

SO Balance Sheet

The Southern Company (SO) balance sheet — assets, liabilities & shareholders' equity

MetricDec'17Dec'18Dec'19Dec'20Dec'21Dec'22Dec'23Dec'24Dec'25TTM
Total Assets
111B116.91B118.7B122.94B127.53B134.89B139.33B145.18B155.72B157.03B
Asset Growth %
1.19%5.32%1.53%3.57%3.74%5.77%3.29%4.2%7.26%24.61%
PP&E (Net)
80.9B81.86B86.06B90.39B93.46B96.7B101.94B106.74B114.37B118.16B
PP&E / Total Assets %
72.88%70.02%72.5%73.53%73.28%71.69%73.16%73.52%73.45%75.25%
Total Current Assets
10.07B9.58B9.82B8.62B8.96B10.42B10.43B10.69B10.92B9.96B
Cash & Equivalents
2.13B1.4B1.98B1.06B1.8B1.92B748M1.07B1.64B981M
Receivables
1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K
Inventory
2.63B2.39B2.39B2.49B2.35B2.68B3.35B3.37B3.33B3.17B
Other Current Assets
815M1.3B1.73B1.45B1.52B1.76B1.96B1.67B1.81B1.53B
Long-Term Investments
3.35B3.3B3.34B3.67B3.82B3.59B3.79B4.04B013.32B
Goodwill
6.27B5.32B5.28B5.28B5.28B5.16B5.16B5.16B5.16B5.16B
Intangible Assets
873M613M536M487M445M406M368M332M300M294M
Other Assets
9.55B16.24B13.67B14.5B15.56B18.62B17.64B18.21B24.97B19.2B
Total Liabilities
85.15B87.58B86.65B90.41B94.97B100.36B104.11B108.51B116.85B117.12B
Total Debt
50.79B46.85B48.69B51.04B55.47B59.13B63.49B66.28B65.82B76B
Net Debt
48.66B45.45B46.71B49.98B53.67B57.22B62.74B65.21B64.18B75.02B
Long-Term Debt
44.46B40.74B41.8B45.07B50.12B50.66B57.21B58.77B65.65B67.15B
Short-Term Borrowings
6.3B6.11B5.04B4.12B3.6B6.89B4.79B6.06B169M7.37B
Capital Lease Obligations
31M01.84B1.85B1.75B1.58B1.49B1.45B04.21B
Total Current Liabilities
13.59B14.29B12.55B12.08B10.92B15.72B13.47B15.99B16.89B15.32B
Accounts Payable
3.08B3.44B2.56B2.81B2.17B3.52B2.9B3.7B3.71B2.91B
Accrued Expenses
488M472M474M513M533M614M652M682M3.23B5.84B
Deferred Revenue
542M522M496M487M479M502M503M486M0478M
Other Current Liabilities
2.52B3.09B3.09B3.09B3.2B3.17B3.57B3.81B9.06B3.1B
Deferred Taxes
1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K50.66B
Other Liabilities
10.73B17.17B14.43B15.47B15.94B15.19B14.39B14.27B33.74B14.3B
Total Equity
25.85B▲ 0%
29.33B▲ 13.5%
32.05B▲ 9.3%
32.52B▲ 1.5%
32.57B▲ 0.1%
34.53B▲ 6.0%
35.23B▲ 2.0%
36.67B▲ 4.1%
38.87B▲ 6.0%
39.91B▲ 0%
Equity Growth %
-3.28%13.45%9.27%1.48%0.13%6.03%2.01%4.11%5.98%20.32%
Shareholders Equity
24.49B25.01B27.8B28.26B28.16B30.41B31.44B33.21B36.02B37.12B
Minority Interest
1.36B4.32B4.25B4.26B4.4B4.12B3.78B3.47B2.85B2.79B
Common Stock
5.04B5.16B5.26B5.27B5.28B5.42B5.42B5.45B5.55B5.59B
Additional Paid-in Capital
10.47B11.09B11.73B11.83B11.95B13.67B13.78B14.15B15.74B16.29B
Retained Earnings
8.88B8.71B10.88B11.31B10.93B11.54B12.48B13.75B14.86B15.38B
Accumulated OCI
-189M-203M-321M-395M-237M-167M-177M-78M-75M-73M
Return on Assets (ROA)
0.8%1.97%4.04%2.59%1.92%2.69%2.9%3.09%2.89%2.84%
Return on Equity (ROE)
3.35%8.13%15.49%9.71%7.4%10.54%11.4%12.24%11.49%11.3%
Debt / Equity
1.96x1.60x1.52x1.57x1.70x1.71x1.80x1.81x1.69x1.90x
Debt / Assets
45.76%40.07%41.02%41.52%43.49%43.84%45.57%45.65%42.27%48.4%
Net Debt / EBITDA
8.40x5.87x4.22x5.69x7.00x6.07x5.80x5.29x4.83x5.62x
Book Value per Share
25.6628.3730.4430.7430.6931.9532.0833.2535.0535.38

SO Cash Flow Statement

The Southern Company (SO) cash flow — operating, investing & free cash flow history

MetricDec'17Dec'18Dec'19Dec'20Dec'21Dec'22Dec'23Dec'24Dec'25TTM
Cash from Operations
6.39B6.95B5.78B6.7B6.17B6.3B7.55B9.79B9.8B9.78B
Operating CF Growth %
30.67%8.6%-16.76%15.83%-7.87%2.16%19.85%29.59%0.14%3.1%
Operating CF / Revenue %
27.77%29.56%26.99%32.86%26.69%21.52%29.91%36.63%33.17%32.41%
Net Income
926M2.3B4.74B3.1B2.31B3.43B3.98B4.26B4.17B4.36B
Depreciation & Amortization
3.46B3.55B3.33B3.9B3.97B4.06B4.99B5.27B6.03B6.2B
Deferred Taxes
166M94M1.37B100M239M758M416M536M618M503M
Other Non-Cash Items
2.73B601M-3.93B-136M494M-2.23B-1.83B-1.83B-1.55B-1.67B
Working Capital Changes
-996M276M162M-389M-990M160M-135M1.42B399M305M
Capital Expenditures
-7.42B-8B-7.55B-7.44B-7.24B-7.92B-9.1B-8.96B-13.39B-13.6B
CapEx / Revenue %
32.23%34.05%35.27%36.52%31.32%27.06%36.02%33.51%0%45.06%
CapEx / D&A
2.15x2.25x2.27x1.91x1.82x1.95x1.82x1.70x0.00x2.19x
CapEx Coverage (OCF/CapEx)
0.86x0.87x0.77x0.90x0.85x0.80x0.83x1.09x-0.72x
Cash from Investing
-7.19B-5.76B-3.39B-7.03B-7.35B-8.43B-9.67B-9.4B-13.96B-14.55B
Acquisitions
-1.22B2.78B4.92B888M572M275M164M369M-635M-635M
Purchase of Investments
-811M-1.12B-888M-877M-1.6B-1.13B-1.14B-1.55B0-1.78B
Sale of Investments
805M1.11B882M871M1.59B1.11B1.12B1.53B01.77B
Other Investing
1.46B-530M-755M-471M-680M-769M-716M-798M-13.32B-299M
Cash from Financing
951M-1.81B-1.93B-576M1.95B2.34B999M-208M4.7B3.42B
Dividends Paid
-2.3B-2.42B-2.57B-2.69B-2.78B-2.91B-3.04B-2.95B-3.02B-3.06B
Dividend Payout Ratio %
261.36%108.16%54.06%85.67%115.32%82.23%76.33%67.12%69.45%-
Debt Issuance (Net)
1000K-1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K1000K2M
Stock Issued
1.04B1.09B844M74M73M1.51B36M143M1.62B2.13B
Share Repurchases
-658M-33M00000000
Other Financing
124M2.13B-217M-233M-116M-404M-373M-366M-704M-772M
Net Change in Cash
155M▲ 0%
-628M▼ 505.2%
459M▲ 173.1%
-910M▼ 298.3%
761M▲ 183.6%
208M▼ 72.7%
-1.12B▼ 636.5%
180M▲ 116.1%
539M▲ 199.4%
-1.34B▲ 0%
Exchange Rate Effect
0000000000
Cash at Beginning
1.98B2.15B1.52B1.98B1.07B1.83B2.04B921M1.1B1.64B
Cash at End
2.13B1.52B1.98B1.07B1.83B2.04B921M1.1B1.64B987M
Free Cash Flow
-1.03B▲ 0%
-1.06B▼ 2.7%
-1.77B▼ 68.0%
-745M▲ 58.0%
-1.07B▼ 43.8%
-1.62B▼ 51.4%
-1.54B▲ 4.9%
833M▲ 154.0%
-3.59B▼ 531.0%
-3.82B▲ 0%
FCF Growth %
93.22%-2.72%-67.99%58%-43.76%-51.35%4.87%154.02%-530.97%-9687.18%
FCF Margin %
-4.46%-4.49%-8.28%-3.66%-4.63%-5.54%-6.11%3.12%-12.15%-12.65%
FCF / Net Income %
-116.82%-47.1%-37.32%-23.77%-44.48%-45.86%-38.78%18.93%-82.7%-87.49%

SO Key Ratios

The Southern Company (SO) financial ratios — P/E, ROE, debt and 30+ core market and balance-sheet ratios

Metric201720182019202020212022202320242025TTM
Return on Equity (ROE)
3.35%8.13%15.49%9.71%7.4%10.54%11.4%12.24%11.49%11.3%
EBITDA Margin
25.14%32.94%51.67%43.14%33.19%32.22%42.81%46.15%45.01%44.22%
Net Debt / EBITDA
8.40x5.87x4.22x5.69x7.00x6.07x5.80x5.29x4.83x5.62x
Interest Coverage
1.63x2.49x4.77x2.92x2.40x3.09x2.78x2.91x2.51x-
CapEx / Revenue
32.23%34.05%35.27%36.52%31.32%27.06%36.02%33.51%0%45.06%
Dividend Payout Ratio
261.36%108.16%54.06%85.67%115.32%82.23%76.33%67.12%69.45%70.02%
Debt / Equity
1.96x1.60x1.52x1.57x1.70x1.71x1.80x1.81x1.69x1.90x
EPS Growth
-65.99%155.95%109.3%-34.44%-23.39%44.25%11.04%10.22%-1.75%-6.24%
Related:SO Dividend History·SO Revenue History·SO Price History·SO P/E History·SO Financial Ratios·SO Institutional Holders

SO SEC Filings & Documents

The Southern Company (SO) SEC filings — annual & quarterly reports (10-K, 10-Q)

8-K Announcements

6
Material company update

Apr 30, 2026·SEC

Material company update

Mar 19, 2026·SEC

Material company update

Feb 25, 2026·SEC

10-K Annual Reports

2
FY 2026

Feb 19, 2026·SEC

FY 2025

Feb 20, 2025·SEC

10-Q Quarterly Reports

3
FY 2025

Oct 30, 2025·SEC

FY 2025

Jul 31, 2025·SEC

FY 2025

May 1, 2025·SEC

SO Frequently Asked Questions

The Southern Company (SO) stock FAQ — growth, dividends, profitability & financials explained

Growth & Financials

The Southern Company (SO) reported $30.17B in revenue for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 191% increase from $10.36B in 1996.

The Southern Company (SO) grew revenue by 10.6% over the past year. This is steady growth.

Yes, The Southern Company (SO) is profitable, generating $4.36B in net income for fiscal year 2025 (14.7% net margin).

Dividend & Returns

Yes, The Southern Company (SO) pays a dividend with a yield of 2.92%. This makes it attractive for income-focused investors.

The Southern Company (SO) has a return on equity (ROE) of 11.5%. This is reasonable for most industries.

The Southern Company (SO) had negative free cash flow of $3.82B in fiscal year 2025, likely due to heavy capital investments.

Industry Metrics

The Southern Company (SO) has a dividend payout ratio of 69%. This suggests the dividend is well-covered and sustainable.

What if you invested $1,000 in SO back in 1996?

Total return calculator · dividends reinvested · 30+ years of data

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How much would $100/month in SO be worth today?

Dollar cost averaging calculator · DCA vs lump sum

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