Capital intensity remains a persistent burden, with the CapEx/Revenue ratio reaching 26.6% in 2025Q2, while the OCF/NI ratio has shown extreme, erratic swings, such as the -56.85 reported in 2025Q2.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'96 | Dec'95 | Dec'94 | Dec'90 | Dec'89 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 11.05B | 10.99B | 12.59B | 11.76B | 12.14B | 13.2B | 15.01B | 13.31B | 13.79B | 13.36B | 13.6B | 12.18B | 14.18B | 15.21B | 17.48B | 16.67B | 16.15B | 16.38B | 15.55B | 15.41B | 11.13B | 10.18B | 9.18B | 8.81B | 8.83B | 5.81B | 616.36M | 3.92B | 1.42B | 2.56B |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 26.61% | 30.98% | 29.41% | 30.9% | 30.63% | 30.99% | 27.33% | 26.52% | 25.68% | 28.8% | 24.17% | 24.86% | 24.4% | 26.92% | 25.03% | 27.66% | 28.27% | 27.55% | 29.14% | 29.4% | 32.64% | 31.6% | 30.2% | 27.65% | 47.29% | 5.53% | 36.55% | 21.87% | 46.83% |
| Operating CF Growth % | -8.76% | -12.7% | 7.06% | -3.08% | -8.03% | -12.06% | 12.74% | -3.52% | 3.22% | -1.72% | 11.67% | -14.14% | -6.78% | -12.98% | 4.86% | 3.25% | -1.42% | 5.33% | 0.89% | 38.48% | 9.35% | 10.95% | 4.09% | -0.19% | 52.03% | 842.48% | -84.29% | 175.42% | -44.42% | - |
| Net Income | -2.12B | 0 | -1.24B | 0 | 9.32B | 1.33B | 860M | 3.33B | 3.13B | 2.37B | 2.75B | 3B | 4.59B | 3.93B | 5.4B | 10.17B | 7.78B | 7.59B | 8.91B | 6.23B | 4.44B | 2.88B | 2.2B | -5.58B | 2.11B | 981.44M | 853.38M | 697.63M | 578.91M | 530.33M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 4.32B | 0 | 9.51B | 0 | 9.93B | 9.36B | 10.58B | 9.05B | 9.4B | 9.65B | 8.52B | 8.55B | 9.63B | 10.43B | 10.15B | 9.3B | 8.96B | 9.05B | 9.44B | 9.7B | 6.71B | 6.41B | 6.71B | 6.69B | 7.69B | 3.22B | 3.21B | 2.82B | 1.91B | 1.69B |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.48B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 74.07M | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 6.27B | 10.99B | 4.32B | 11.76B | -7.11B | 2.51B | 3.56B | -12.38B | -12.53B | -12.02B | -11.26B | -11.55B | -14.22B | -14.36B | -15.55B | -2.8B | -584M | -16.64B | -18.34B | -9.7B | -6.71B | -6.41B | -6.71B | 7.7B | 251.76M | 642.94M | -3.85B | 61.65M | 428M | 339.85M |
| Working Capital Changes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.18B | 6.69B | 7.3B | 6.98B | 0 | -2.69B | 962.48M | 396.19M | 347.88M | -1.57B | 0 |
| Change in Receivables | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50.58M | -29.41M | -23.55M | 54.8M | -1.24M | 0 |
| Change in Payables | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -6.01B | -5.22B | -4.63B | -5.33B | 6.97B | -7.79B | -5.64B | -8.69B | -10.24B | -8.21B | -12.92B | -9.97B | -9.9B | -7.88B | -12.5B | -15.86B | -9.3B | -9.1B | -4.59B | -28.05B | -9.58B | -8.97B | -5.16B | -5.78B | -9.9B | -5.23B | -4B | -4.07B | -5.68B | -4.58B |
| Capital Expenditures | -7.04B | -5.79B | -6.66B | -6.35B | -7.95B | -7.02B | -8.41B | -8.78B | -8.99B | -9.19B | -9.4B | -9.21B | -9.67B | -9.48B | -9.09B | -15.86B | -7.59B | -7.89B | -7.27B | -28.05B | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4.31B | -6.77B | -4.16B | -3.73B | -5.02B | -5.42B | -4.35B |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 18.41% | 14.01% | 16.38% | 15.88% | 20.25% | 16.3% | 17.37% | 18.03% | 17.29% | 17.66% | 19.91% | 18.27% | 16.95% | 15.2% | 13.99% | 23.81% | 13.01% | 13.61% | 12.89% | 53.03% | - | - | - | 14.77% | 21.2% | 33.84% | 33.48% | 46.79% | 83.29% | 79.46% |
| Acquisitions | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | -714.16M | 281M | 0 | -265M | -1.87B | 217M | 355M | 27M | -355M | 42M | -1.49B | 587M | 248M | 622M | 178M | -299M | 1.12B | 363M | 299M | 454.61M | -3.64B | -3.23B | -3.05B | -4.22B | -504.64M | -1.07B | -271.17M | 956.45M | -64.95M | -279.28M |
| Cash from Financing | -7.01B | -4.67B | -7.77B | -7.92B | -15.35B | -5.44B | -9.02B | -3.88B | -1.75B | -4.22B | -3.61B | -4.04B | -2.69B | -1.24B | -4.91B | -5.25B | -2.28B | -7.76B | -9.43B | 14.57B | -434.82M | -1.96B | -4.17B | -2.1B | -1.32B | -579.06M | 3.61B | 204.19M | 987.79M | 752.75M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -527.21M | 0 | -1.79B | 0 | -713.92M | 100M | -504M | 379M | 1.27B | -660M | 2.48B | -427M | 65M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -947M | -2.24B | -2.15B | 0 | -2.05B | 92.42M | 12.1M | 2.01B | 319.07M | 0 | 0 | 59.45M | 13.06M | 22.58M |
| Dividends Paid | -1.83B | -1.76B | -2.31B | -968M | -4.29B | -1.3B | -2.74B | -2.79B | -2.46B | -2.91B | -2.77B | -2.33B | -2.18B | -3.27B | -7.57B | -6.25B | -4.84B | -4.44B | -3.35B | -3.2B | -2.77B | -2.95B | -1.48B | -52M | -324.81M | -622.05M | -686.09M | -274.32M | -388.96M | -364.87M |
| Share Repurchases | -321.01M | 0 | -1.91B | 0 | -713.92M | -223M | -504M | 0 | 0 | -660M | -1.77B | -1.24B | -312M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -947M | -2.24B | -2.15B | -2.35B | -2.05B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -2.04B | -2.06B | -2.91B | -928M | -2.85B | -1.4B | -136M | -1.03B | -400M | -1.3B | 3.23B | 3.69B | 5.52B | 656M | -399M | -883M | 6.67B | 0 | 0 | -2.92B | -2.48M | -3.06B | 19.85K | -10K | -608.16K | 827.49M | 5.16B | 577.35M | -72.68M | -84.25K |
| Net Change in Cash | -1.73B | 911M | 167.13M | -1.33B | 2.9B | -438M | 350M | 500M | 1.46B | 1.12B | -3.93B | -3.45B | 130M | 5.71B | -85M | -4.89B | 4.84B | -788M | 1.27B | 1.59B | 1.29B | -276.72M | -39.46M | 386.47M | -2.5B | 80.35K | 3.61B | 204.19M | 987.79M | 752.75M |
| Free Cash Flow | 4.01B | 5.2B | 5.93B | 5.41B | 4.18B | 6.18B | 6.59B | 4.53B | 4.8B | 4.18B | 4.2B | 2.97B | 4.51B | 5.73B | 8.4B | 811M | 8.55B | 8.49B | 8.28B | -12.64B | 11.13B | 10.18B | 9.18B | 4.5B | 2.06B | 1.65B | -3.12B | -1.1B | -4B | -1.79B |
| FCF Margin % | 10.48% | 12.6% | 14.59% | 13.53% | 10.65% | 14.34% | 13.62% | 9.31% | 9.23% | 8.03% | 8.89% | 5.9% | 7.9% | 9.19% | 12.93% | 1.22% | 14.66% | 14.65% | 14.66% | -23.89% | 29.4% | 32.64% | 31.6% | 15.43% | 6.44% | 13.45% | -27.95% | -10.24% | -61.42% | -32.63% |
| FCF Growth % | -20.33% | -12.29% | 9.61% | 29.37% | -32.25% | -6.35% | 45.52% | -5.62% | 14.96% | -0.48% | 41.22% | -34.09% | -21.35% | -31.73% | 935.51% | -90.52% | 0.75% | 2.59% | 165.49% | -213.55% | 9.35% | 10.95% | 103.76% | 118.81% | 24.56% | 153.01% | -183.57% | 72.52% | -124.06% | - |
| FCF per Share | 0.71 | 0.92 | 1.04 | 0.94 | 0.73 | 1.06 | 1.29 | 0.87 | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.99 | 1.24 | 1.86 | 0.18 | 1.88 | 1.77 | 1.74 | -2.64 | 2.28 | 1.98 | 1.40 | 0.84 | 0.39 | 0.48 | -0.91 | -0.32 | -1.17 | -0.53 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | -1.89x | -224.37x | -14.12x | 5.85x | 1.49x | 8.34x | 13.14x | 4.00x | 4.40x | 5.64x | 4.95x | 4.06x | 3.09x | 3.87x | 3.24x | 1.64x | 2.08x | 2.09x | 1.75x | 2.47x | 2.51x | 3.54x | 4.17x | -1.58x | 4.19x | 5.92x | 0.72x | 5.62x | 2.46x | 4.83x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
High capital intensity requirements
As reported in recent financial filings, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow is highly erratic, with the OCF/NI ratio swinging from -56.85 in 2025Q2 to 274.62 in 2024Q3, suggesting that accounting earnings are poor predictors of the company's actual cash-generating capacity.
The extreme volatility in the OCF/NI ratio indicates that non-cash charges and significant restructuring provisions frequently distort the bottom line. Investors should monitor this divergence, as it suggests that the company's reported net income may not reflect the underlying cash-generative health of its core telecommunications operations.
Based on the provided quarterly data, FCF margins have fluctuated significantly, peaking at 21.4% in 2023Q4 before compressing to 6.4% by 2025Q2, highlighting the difficulty in maintaining consistent cash conversion amidst ongoing capital expenditure requirements and shifting operational performance across geographic segments.
The inconsistency in FCF margins appears to be driven by the lumpy nature of capital deployment and the impact of periodic restructuring costs. This trend suggests that the company's ability to self-fund its dividend and debt obligations remains sensitive to quarterly operational fluctuations rather than a stable, predictable cash flow stream.
According to the latest quarterly figures, the CapEx/Revenue ratio reached a high of 26.6% in 2025Q2, underscoring the persistent capital intensity required to maintain and upgrade the company's extensive fiber and 5G infrastructure against a backdrop of contracting top-line revenue.
The elevated capital intensity suggests that Telefónica is locked into a cycle of heavy reinvestment to defend its market position against emerging competitors. This high level of spending may limit the company's financial flexibility, particularly if revenue growth continues to face downward pressure in its core European markets.
As evidenced by the reported cash flow statements, Telefónica continues to prioritize dividend payments and share repurchases despite periods of net losses, with total outflows for these items often exceeding the quarterly free cash flow generated during the same periods.
The decision to maintain shareholder returns while facing significant net income volatility warrants further investigation into the sustainability of this capital allocation strategy. It appears that the company may be relying on asset disposals or debt financing to bridge the gap between operational cash generation and its stated commitment to shareholder distributions.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying TEF stock.
Telefónica, S.A. (TEF) generated $10.99B in net cash from operating activities in 2024. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Telefónica, S.A. (TEF) generated $5.20B in free cash flow in 2024. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Telefónica, S.A. (TEF) spent $5.79B on capital expenditures in 2024. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2024, Telefónica, S.A. (TEF) returned $1.76B to shareholders via cash dividends. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.