Revenue accelerated 27.0% year-over-year to $260.0M in 2026Q2, with gross margin expanding to 33.4% and operating margin reaching 15.6%, up from 2.3% a year earlier, reflecting strong pricing power and cost discipline.
Astronics Corporation (ATRO) annual income statement — 30-year revenue, gross profit & net income history
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Sales/Revenue | 942.09M | 862.13M | 795.43M | 689.21M | 534.89M | 444.91M | 502.59M | 772.7M | 803.26M | 624.46M | 633.12M | 692.28M | 661.04M | 339.94M | 266.45M | 228.16M | 51.82M | 191.2M | 173.72M | 158.24M | 110.77M | 75.35M | 34.7M | 33.18M | 42.94M | 85.38M | 71.97M | 50.6M | 46.1M | 41M | 38.4M |
| Revenue Growth % | 14.49% | 8.39% | 15.41% | 28.85% | 20.23% | -11.48% | -34.96% | -3.8% | 28.63% | -1.37% | -8.55% | 4.73% | 94.46% | 27.58% | 16.78% | 340.27% | -72.9% | 10.06% | 9.78% | 42.86% | 47% | 117.18% | 4.56% | -22.72% | -49.71% | 18.63% | 42.23% | 9.76% | 12.44% | 6.77% | 34.74% |
| Cost of Goods Sold | 635.58M | 603.97M | 627.08M | 568.41M | 463.35M | 379.55M | 405.74M | 616.56M | 622.56M | 487.35M | 473.66M | 504.34M | 494M | 252.08M | 197M | 167.67M | 39.38M | 153.93M | 143.25M | 117.37M | 87.52M | 59.85M | 30.09M | 26.44M | 30.69M | 64.03M | 48.52M | 32.4M | 28.1M | 24.7M | 24.7M |
| COGS % of Revenue | - | 70.06% | 78.84% | 82.47% | 86.63% | 85.31% | 80.73% | 79.79% | 77.5% | 78.04% | 74.81% | 72.85% | 74.73% | 74.15% | 73.94% | 73.49% | 75.99% | 80.51% | 82.46% | 74.17% | 79.01% | 79.43% | 86.72% | 79.68% | 71.47% | 75% | 67.42% | 64.03% | 60.95% | 60.24% | 64.32% |
| Gross Profit | 306.51M | 258.16M | 168.34M | 120.8M | 71.54M | 65.36M | 96.84M | 156.14M | 180.7M | 137.11M | 159.47M | 187.94M | 167.04M | 87.86M | 69.44M | 60.5M | 12.44M | 37.27M | 30.47M | 40.87M | 23.25M | 15.5M | 4.61M | 6.74M | 12.25M | 21.34M | 23.45M | 18.2M | 18M | 16.3M | 13.7M |
| Gross Margin % | 32.54% | 29.94% | 21.16% | 17.53% | 13.37% | 14.69% | 19.27% | 20.21% | 22.5% | 21.96% | 25.19% | 27.15% | 25.27% | 25.85% | 26.06% | 26.51% | 24.01% | 19.49% | 17.54% | 25.83% | 20.99% | 20.57% | 13.28% | 20.32% | 28.53% | 25% | 32.58% | 35.97% | 39.05% | 39.76% | 35.68% |
| Gross Profit Growth % | - | 53.35% | 39.36% | 68.85% | 9.45% | -32.51% | -37.98% | -13.59% | 31.79% | -14.02% | -15.15% | 12.51% | 90.13% | 26.52% | 14.79% | 386.19% | -66.62% | 22.31% | -25.44% | 75.8% | 49.99% | 236.3% | -31.65% | -44.95% | -42.61% | -8.96% | 28.82% | 1.11% | 10.43% | 18.98% | 23.42% |
| Operating Expenses | 177.84M | 181.75M | 141.88M | 127.47M | 101.58M | 94.04M | 197.54M | 154.44M | 117.03M | 90.52M | 86.33M | 89.14M | 79.68M | 45.55M | 36.82M | 27.18M | 6.03M | 24.11M | 17.42M | 16.41M | 13.58M | 10.25M | 5.48M | 5.49M | 5.61M | 10.87M | 13.84M | 11.1M | 10.9M | 10.3M | 10.6M |
| OpEx % of Revenue | - | 21.08% | 17.84% | 18.49% | 18.99% | 21.14% | 39.31% | 19.99% | 14.57% | 14.49% | 13.64% | 12.88% | 12.05% | 13.4% | 13.82% | 11.91% | 11.63% | 12.61% | 10.03% | 10.37% | 12.26% | 13.6% | 15.79% | 16.56% | 13.07% | 12.74% | 19.23% | 21.94% | 23.64% | 25.12% | 27.6% |
| Selling, General & Admin | 134.04M | 121.25M | 141.88M | 127.47M | 101.58M | 99.05M | 110.53M | 143.36M | 117.03M | 90.52M | 86.33M | 89.14M | 79.68M | 45.55M | 36.82M | 27.18M | 6.03M | 24.11M | 17.42M | 16.41M | 13.58M | 10.25M | 5.48M | 5.49M | 5.61M | 10.87M | 9.59M | 7.4M | 7.8M | 7.5M | 8M |
| SG&A % of Revenue | - | 14.06% | 17.84% | 18.49% | 18.99% | 22.26% | 21.99% | 18.55% | 14.57% | 14.49% | 13.64% | 12.88% | 12.05% | 13.4% | 13.82% | 11.91% | 11.63% | 12.61% | 10.03% | 10.37% | 12.26% | 13.6% | 15.79% | 16.56% | 13.07% | 12.74% | 13.33% | 14.62% | 16.92% | 18.29% | 20.83% |
| Research & Development | 43.79M | 43.48M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114.3M | 95M | 90.2M | 90.3M | 76.7M | 52.8M | 44.9M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| R&D % of Revenue | - | 5.04% | - | - | - | - | - | - | 14.23% | 15.21% | 14.25% | 13.04% | 11.6% | 15.53% | 16.85% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Operating Expenses | 0 | 17.02M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5.01M | 87.02M | 11.08M | -1.67M | -2.88M | -2.02M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.25M | 3.7M | 3.1M | 2.8M | 2.6M |
| Operating Income | 128.68M | 76.41M | 26.47M | -6.67M | -30.04M | -28.67M | -100.7M | 1.7M | 63.66M | 30.36M | 73.14M | 98.8M | 87.36M | 42.3M | 32.63M | 30.82M | 6.42M | -6.22M | 13.05M | 24.46M | 9.67M | 5.25M | -868K | 1.25M | 6.64M | 10.47M | 9.61M | 7.1M | 7.1M | 6M | 3.1M |
| Operating Margin % | 13.66% | 8.86% | 3.33% | -0.97% | -5.62% | -6.44% | -20.04% | 0.22% | 7.93% | 4.86% | 11.55% | 14.27% | 13.22% | 12.45% | 12.24% | 13.51% | 12.38% | -3.25% | 7.51% | 15.46% | 8.73% | 6.97% | -2.5% | 3.76% | 15.46% | 12.26% | 13.35% | 14.03% | 15.4% | 14.63% | 8.07% |
| Operating Income Growth % | - | 188.72% | 496.73% | 77.8% | -4.78% | 71.53% | -6020.11% | -97.33% | 109.69% | -58.49% | -25.97% | 13.09% | 106.51% | 29.67% | 5.85% | 380.45% | 203.1% | -147.66% | -46.64% | 153.07% | 83.97% | 705.3% | -169.5% | -81.18% | -36.61% | 8.98% | 35.32% | 0% | 18.33% | 93.55% | -8.82% |
| EBITDA | 148.32M | 98.25M | 50.93M | 19.43M | -2.27M | 331K | -68.85M | 34.75M | 98.69M | 56.76M | 98.93M | 124.11M | 114.62M | 53.36M | 39.53M | 35.76M | 11.3M | 1.12M | 17.2M | 27.9M | 12.6M | 7.63M | 405K | 2.46M | 7.91M | 14.92M | 13.86M | 10.8M | 10.2M | 8.8M | 5.7M |
| EBITDA Margin % | 15.74% | 11.4% | 6.4% | 2.82% | -0.42% | 0.07% | -13.7% | 4.5% | 12.29% | 9.09% | 15.63% | 17.93% | 17.34% | 15.7% | 14.84% | 15.67% | 21.8% | 0.59% | 9.9% | 17.63% | 11.37% | 10.12% | 1.17% | 7.42% | 18.41% | 17.47% | 19.25% | 21.34% | 22.13% | 21.46% | 14.84% |
| EBITDA Growth % | 155.53% | 92.9% | 162.09% | 957.21% | -784.89% | 100.48% | -298.12% | -64.79% | 73.88% | -42.63% | -20.29% | 8.28% | 114.78% | 35% | 10.53% | 216.61% | 908.57% | -93.49% | -38.37% | 121.53% | 65.14% | 1783.21% | -83.54% | -68.88% | -46.99% | 7.65% | 28.3% | 5.88% | 15.91% | 54.39% | -5% |
| D&A (Non-Cash Add-back) | 19.65M | 21.84M | 24.47M | 26.1M | 27.78M | 29M | 31.85M | 33.05M | 35.03M | 26.4M | 25.79M | 25.31M | 27.25M | 11.06M | 6.91M | 4.94M | 4.88M | 7.34M | 4.14M | 3.44M | 2.93M | 2.37M | 1.27M | 1.21M | 1.27M | 4.45M | 4.25M | 3.7M | 3.1M | 2.8M | 2.6M |
| EBIT | 93.54M | 44.51M | -7.87M | -26.31M | -29.79M | -33.69M | -13.69M | 12.78M | 63.66M | 30.36M | 74.88M | 97.05M | 87.36M | 42.3M | 32.49M | 33.32M | 24.38M | -5.19M | 13M | 24.42M | 9.67M | 4.62M | -868K | 1.25M | 6.64M | 9.33M | 6.23M | 7.1M | 7.1M | 6M | 3.1M |
| Net Interest Income | -10.98M | -12.56M | -22M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -6.74M | -6.14M | -9.71M | -5.37M | -4.35M | -4.75M | -8.26M | -4.09M | -1.04M | -1.81M | -2.55M | -2.53M | -694K | -1.37M | -896K | -735K | -282K | -200K | -223K | -520K | -678K | 0 | -400K | 0 | -800K |
| Interest Income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100K | 32K | 22K | 12K | 50K | 15K | 29K | 127K | 190K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Interest Expense | 10.98M | 12.56M | 22M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.74M | 6.14M | 9.71M | 5.37M | 4.35M | 4.75M | 8.26M | 4.09M | 1.04M | 1.91M | 2.58M | 2.56M | 706K | 1.42M | 911K | 764K | 409K | 390K | 223K | 520K | 678K | 0 | 400K | 0 | 800K |
| Other Income/Expense | -46.12M | -44.47M | -34.33M | -19.64M | 251K | 1.71M | -11.71M | 66.6M | -11.38M | -7.11M | -4.35M | -4.75M | -8.26M | -4.09M | -1.04M | -1.81M | -2.55M | -1.52M | -764K | -1.46M | -907K | 2.14M | -314K | -200K | -223K | -569K | -936K | -200K | -400K | -400K | 1M |
| Pretax Income | 82.56M | 31.95M | -7.87M | -26.31M | -29.79M | -26.96M | -112.41M | 68.3M | 52.28M | 24.99M | 68.78M | 94.05M | 79.11M | 38.21M | 31.58M | 29.02M | 5.85M | -7.75M | 12.29M | 23M | 8.76M | 4.8M | -1.18M | 1.05M | 6.42M | 9.95M | 8.93M | 6.9M | 6.7M | 5.6M | 4.1M |
| Pretax Margin % | 8.76% | 3.71% | -0.99% | -3.82% | -5.57% | -6.06% | -22.37% | 8.84% | 6.51% | 4% | 10.86% | 13.59% | 11.97% | 11.24% | 11.85% | 12.72% | 11.29% | -4.05% | 7.07% | 14.53% | 7.91% | 6.37% | -3.41% | 3.16% | 14.94% | 11.66% | 12.41% | 13.64% | 14.53% | 13.66% | 10.68% |
| Income Tax | 3.44M | 2.59M | 8.35M | 110K | 5.95M | -1.38M | 3.37M | 16.29M | 5.48M | 5.31M | 20.36M | 27.08M | 22.94M | 10.95M | 9.71M | 7.42M | 1.38M | -3.94M | 3.93M | 7.61M | 3.02M | 2.14M | -448K | 267K | 2.37M | 3.45M | 2.83M | 2.1M | 2.4M | 2M | 1.4M |
| Effective Tax Rate % | 4.17% | 8.1% | -106.11% | -0.42% | -19.98% | 5.13% | -3% | 23.84% | 10.48% | 21.26% | 29.6% | 28.79% | 28.99% | 28.64% | 30.74% | 25.59% | 23.57% | 50.92% | 31.97% | 33.08% | 34.51% | 44.69% | 37.9% | 25.45% | 36.91% | 34.7% | 31.75% | 30.43% | 35.82% | 35.71% | 34.15% |
| Net Income | 79.12M | 29.36M | -16.21M | -26.42M | -35.75M | -25.58M | -115.78M | 52.02M | 46.8M | 19.68M | 48.42M | 66.97M | 56.17M | 27.27M | 21.87M | 21.59M | 4.47M | -3.8M | 8.36M | 15.39M | 5.74M | 2.65M | -734K | 1.11M | 4.55M | 6.5M | 6.09M | 4.8M | 4.3M | 3.6M | 2.7M |
| Net Margin % | 8.4% | 3.41% | -2.04% | -3.83% | -6.68% | -5.75% | -23.04% | 6.73% | 5.83% | 3.15% | 7.65% | 9.67% | 8.5% | 8.02% | 8.21% | 9.46% | 8.63% | -1.99% | 4.81% | 9.73% | 5.18% | 3.52% | -2.12% | 3.35% | 10.6% | 7.61% | 8.47% | 9.49% | 9.33% | 8.78% | 7.03% |
| Net Income Growth % | 2222.24% | 281.06% | 38.63% | 26.09% | -39.76% | 77.91% | -322.58% | 11.14% | 137.83% | -59.36% | -27.7% | 19.23% | 106.01% | 24.65% | 1.31% | 382.91% | 217.6% | -145.47% | -45.68% | 168.32% | 116.21% | 461.44% | -165.95% | -75.55% | -29.93% | 6.61% | 26.98% | 11.63% | 19.44% | 33.33% | 50% |
| Net Income (Continuing) | 79.12M | 29.36M | -16.21M | -26.42M | -35.75M | -25.58M | -115.78M | 52.02M | 46.8M | 19.68M | 48.42M | 66.97M | 56.17M | 27.27M | 21.87M | 21.59M | 14.95M | -3.8M | 8.36M | 15.39M | 5.74M | 2.65M | -734K | 782K | 4.05M | 5.82M | 3.5M | 4.8M | 4.3M | 3.6M | 2.7M |
| Discontinued Operations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Minority Interest | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EPS (Diluted) | 1.70 | 0.81 | -0.46 | -0.80 | -1.11 | -0.82 | -3.76 | 1.60 | 1.41 | 0.58 | 1.40 | 1.93 | 1.63 | 0.68 | 0.55 | 0.66 | 0.58 | -0.15 | 0.34 | 0.62 | 0.30 | 0.12 | -0.04 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.15 |
| EPS Growth % | 1675% | 276.09% | 42.5% | 27.93% | -35.37% | 78.19% | -335% | 13.48% | 143.1% | -58.57% | -27.46% | 18.4% | 139.71% | 23.64% | -16.67% | 13.79% | 486.67% | -144.12% | -45.16% | 106.67% | 150% | 407.69% | -190.07% | -81.96% | -20% | -6.25% | 0% | 10.34% | 20.83% | 60% | 25% |
| EPS (Basic) | - | 0.82 | -0.46 | -0.80 | -1.11 | -0.82 | -3.76 | 1.62 | 1.45 | 0.60 | 1.44 | 1.99 | 1.70 | 0.71 | 0.58 | 0.71 | 0.60 | -0.15 | 0.36 | 0.66 | 0.31 | 0.12 | -0.04 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.15 |
| Diluted Shares Outstanding | 46.53M | 38.48M | 35.25M | 33.1M | 32.2M | 31.19M | 30.8M | 32.46M | 33.14M | 33.72M | 34.54M | 34.71M | 34.48M | 40.21M | 39.78M | 32.53M | 26.06M | 24.79M | 24.6M | 24.74M | 19.2M | 18.45M | 18.84M | 18.21M | 19.12M | 21.44M | 18.99M | 15.05M | 15.05M | 15.12M | 14.06M |
| Basic Shares Outstanding | 46.53M | 38.48M | 35.25M | 33.03M | 32.2M | 31.19M | 30.79M | 32.11M | 32.35M | 32.87M | 33.54M | 33.63M | 33M | 38.29M | 37.56M | 30.58M | 25.04M | 24.79M | 23.64M | 23.34M | 18.4M | 18.45M | 17.55M | 18.21M | 18.45M | 18.71M | 18.09M | 14.18M | 13.99M | 14.09M | 12.93M |
| Dividend Payout Ratio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying ATRO stock.
For fiscal year 2025, Astronics Corporation (ATRO) reported total revenue of $862.1M. This represents a 2145.1% increase compared to $38.4M in 1996.
Astronics Corporation (ATRO) is profitable, generating $29.4M in net income for the fiscal year ending 2025 with a net profit margin of 3.4%.
Astronics Corporation (ATRO) reported an operating income of $76.4M, resulting in an operating profit margin of 8.9%. This margin reflects the operational efficiency of the business before interest and taxes.
Astronics Corporation (ATRO) generated $258.2M in gross profit for the year, representing a gross profit margin of 29.9%. This demonstrates the company's core pricing power and production efficiency.
Key Metrics
Top Statement Risk
Thin net margin despite growth
Metrics are mathematically derived from official filings.
Revenue Momentum Accelerates on Record Bookings
Revenue grew 27.0% year-over-year in 2026Q2 to $260.0M, the fastest pace in the ten-quarter window, driven by record bookings and raised full-year guidance to $1.02B–$1.04B, per the latest earnings release.
The sequential acceleration from 12.0% growth in 2026Q1 to 27.0% in 2026Q2 indicates robust demand across both Aerospace and Test Systems, with the raised guidance suggesting sustained visibility. The growth appears organic, as no recent acquisitions are disclosed, and the record backlog cited by management implies durability beyond the current quarter. However, the lumpy nature of Test Systems revenue may introduce volatility, so investors should monitor whether this pace is sustainable or a peak.
Gross Margin Expansion Reflects Pricing and Mix
Gross margin improved to 33.4% in 2026Q2, up from 25.8% a year earlier, as reported in financial statements, indicating better pricing power and a favorable product mix toward higher-margin aftermarket and aerospace content.
The 760 basis point year-over-year gross margin expansion suggests that Astronics is successfully passing through input costs or benefiting from a shift toward more complex cabin power systems, where its technical moat supports premium pricing. The improvement is broad-based, with gross margin above 32% for three consecutive quarters, implying a structural shift rather than a one-off. This may indicate that the company is capturing value from its proprietary load-balancing software and certification barriers, though the sustainability depends on maintaining competitive bidding discipline in OEM contracts.
Operating Leverage Drives Margin Inflection
Operating income scaled to $40.5M in 2026Q2, a 15.6% operating margin versus 2.3% in 2025Q2, as per the income statement, demonstrating that revenue growth is outpacing fixed cost absorption.
The operating margin expansion from 2.3% to 15.6% year-over-year is far more pronounced than gross margin gains, indicating that SG&A and R&D costs are growing slower than revenue. SG&A remained flat at $35.6M despite a 27% revenue increase, suggesting disciplined overhead control, while R&D declined slightly, which may reflect efficiency in development spending. This operating leverage appears sustainable if revenue growth persists, but investors should watch for any step-up in R&D or SG&A as the company invests to maintain its technical lead.
Net Income Quality Improves but Tax Drag Persists
Net margin reached 13.5% in 2026Q2, up from 0.6% a year ago, yet the gap between operating margin (15.6%) and net margin suggests a persistent tax or interest drag, based on reported figures.
The net income of $35.1M in 2026Q2 is the highest in the ten-quarter window, and EPS of $0.75 beat consensus by $0.14, indicating strong conversion of operating income. However, the 210 basis point gap between operating and net margins implies an effective tax rate or interest expense that is higher than peers, which may temper EPS growth relative to revenue momentum. Stock-based compensation of $2.3M is modest, representing less than 1% of revenue, so dilution is not a major concern, but the tax drag warrants monitoring as it could compress future earnings if rates rise.
Cost Discipline Drives Margin Recovery
COGS as a percentage of revenue fell to 66.6% in 2026Q2 from 74.2% in 2025Q2, while SG&A remained flat at $35.6M, as disclosed in the income statement, indicating improved cost absorption.
The reduction in COGS ratio suggests better supply chain management and possibly lower input costs, though the company's high variable cost structure remains sensitive to semiconductor and connector pricing. SG&A flatness despite 27% revenue growth implies that overhead is not scaling with volume, which is a positive sign for future operating leverage. R&D spending of $10.9M is down from $11.6M a year ago, which may indicate a focus on near-term profitability, but investors should monitor whether this underinvestment could erode the technical moat over time.
2025Q3 Marks Turnaround from Losses
The inflection occurred in 2025Q3 when net income swung from -$11.1M to positive territory, with operating margin recovering to 10.9%, as per the income statement, setting the stage for the current acceleration.
Prior to 2025Q3, Astronics struggled with negative net income in three of the four quarters from 2024Q1 to 2025Q2, with gross margins below 30%. The 2025Q3 quarter saw a sharp improvement in gross margin to 30.5% and a positive net income of $29.6M in the following quarter, indicating a structural shift in cost structure and demand. This inflection appears driven by a recovery in commercial aerospace aftermarket demand and improved execution, and the subsequent quarters have built on this momentum, with 2026Q2 achieving record revenue and margins.
Thin Net Margin and Leverage Risk
Despite strong revenue growth, net margin of 3.4% over the trailing year remains thin, and debt-to-equity of 2.70% suggests the balance sheet is still absorbing prior investments, per recent filings.
Short-sellers could argue that the 27% revenue growth is not translating into proportional net income growth, as the gap between operating and net margins indicates elevated interest or tax costs that may persist. The low debt-to-equity ratio, while conservative, may signal that the company is not fully leveraging its balance sheet to drive returns, and the lumpy Test Systems segment could cause earnings volatility. Additionally, the reliance on narrowbody production rates and airline discretionary spending for retrofits exposes the company to cyclical downturns, which could reverse the recent margin gains if input costs spike or demand softens.