Free cash flow generation is highly erratic, with margins swinging from a low of 6.6% in 2026Q1 to a peak of 49.0% in 2025Q3 due to lumpy capital deployment.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 13.31B | 14.16B | 15.19B | 13.86B | 13.07B | 16.21B | 14.05B | 8.21B | 7.07B | 5.28B | 3.06B | 2.1B | 3.15B | 3.54B | 6.94B | 4.84B | 4.49B | 4.07B | 3.71B | 3.15B | 2.08B | 1.84B | 3.18B | 3.51B | 945M | 5.4B | 4.65B | 4.22B | 3.78B | 2.48B | 2.64B |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 29.37% | 31.45% | 30.8% | 28.31% | 34.94% | 33.05% | 31.4% | 31.32% | 25.39% | 15.74% | 12.71% | 19.82% | 21.64% | 39.39% | 22.78% | 23.05% | 21.61% | 18% | 16.3% | 11.63% | 9.56% | 16.39% | 16.81% | 5.22% | 27.81% | 25.54% | 20.89% | 20.68% | 14.83% | 17.53% |
| Operating CF Growth % | -17.75% | -6.81% | 9.6% | 6.08% | -19.38% | 15.34% | 71.16% | 16.19% | 33.95% | 72.5% | 45.27% | -33.13% | -11.2% | -48.93% | 43.41% | 7.77% | 10.48% | 9.66% | 17.57% | 51.37% | 13.45% | -42.19% | -9.57% | 271.64% | -82.51% | 16.12% | 10.13% | 11.69% | 52.75% | -6.25% | 5.68% |
| Net Income | 7.28B | 7.05B | -8.93B | 8.04B | 6.34B | 7.01B | -8.99B | 3.46B | 4.95B | 975M | 4.51B | 1.63B | 2.03B | 2.58B | 2.5B | 5.26B | 4.51B | 11.86B | 6.24B | 2.17B | 1.58B | 3B | 2.39B | 3.11B | 2.14B | 4.83B | 4.71B | 4.17B | 3.14B | 3.21B | 2.85B |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 3.59B | 4.01B | 9.6B | 9.76B | 10.28B | 10.69B | 10.38B | 1.75B | 637M | 789M | 382M | 376M | 467M | 763M | 681M | 628M | 607M | 707M | 816M | 892M | 927M | 929M | 909M | 789M | 735M | 728M | 746M | 678M | 625M | 591M | 519M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 555M | 553M | 507M | 518M | 457M | 583M | 779M | 441M | 221M | 199M | 205M | 235M | 213M | 191M | 154M | 161M | 193M | 183M | 181M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -1.03B | -965M | -2.09B | -3.29B | -2.74B | -1.39B | 983M | -924M | 45M | 453M | -204M | -347M | -542M | -491M | -1.23B | 415M | 422M | 163M | 1.43B | -416M | -236M | -812M | 278M | 249M | -471M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 4.5B | 3.96B | 15.29B | 744M | 955M | 578M | 9.92B | 317M | 999M | 714M | -680M | 945M | 739M | 308M | 5.47B | -1.67B | -1.22B | -8.89B | -5.08B | 670M | 447M | -377M | 201M | 122M | 686M | -1.24B | -10M | -79M | 799M | 33M | -52M |
| Working Capital Changes | -1.59B | -455M | 810M | -1.91B | -2.23B | -1.26B | 983M | 3.17B | 217M | 2.15B | -1.15B | -735M | 242M | 194M | -631M | 46M | -29M | 42M | 117M | -158M | -640M | -904M | -600M | -754M | -2.14B | 1.08B | -795M | -542M | -783M | -1.35B | -676M |
| Change in Receivables | 1.38B | -295M | 264M | -995M | -663M | -1.05B | -646M | 752M | -429M | -431M | -803M | -942M | -252M | -504M | 648M | -220M | -270M | 227M | -360M | -461M | 210M | 539M | -556M | -549M | 1.1B | -381M | -494M | -176M | -253M | -479M | -262M |
| Change in Inventory | -1M | -184M | -486M | -751M | -69M | 13M | 2.67B | 463M | -216M | -29M | -152M | 97M | -254M | -45M | -103M | -193M | 156M | 82M | 130M | -54M | 78M | -370M | -133M | 127M | 200M | -120M | 75M | -317M | -139M | -288M | -227M |
| Change in Payables | 492M | -2M | 184M | 198M | 109M | 245M | 188M | 229M | -59M | 320M | 104M | -919M | -44M | 412M | -232M | 593M | 315M | 472M | 253M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -3.76B | -4.13B | -21.35B | -2.29B | -1.06B | -538M | -10.86B | -9.91B | -2B | -66M | 1.48B | -1.57B | 1.22B | -572M | -6.73B | -1.44B | -3.81B | -4.38B | 5.08B | -202M | 206M | 1.19B | -1.62B | -2.42B | -2.03B | -4.86B | 16M | -759M | -346M | -532M | -717M |
| Capital Expenditures | -1.4B | -1.31B | -1.25B | -1.21B | -1.12B | -973M | -753M | -836M | -951M | -1.05B | -1.22B | -820M | -526M | -537M | -548M | -367M | -424M | -730M | -941M | -843M | -793M | -768M | -809M | -990M | -1.18B | -1.02B | -589M | -709M | -788M | -767M | -601M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 2.88% | 2.72% | 2.58% | 2.69% | 2.42% | 2.1% | 1.77% | 3.2% | 4.22% | 5.08% | 6.25% | 4.95% | 3.31% | 3.28% | 3.11% | 1.73% | 2.18% | 3.88% | 4.57% | 4.36% | 4.43% | 4% | 4.17% | 4.74% | 6.52% | 5.27% | 3.23% | 3.51% | 4.31% | 4.59% | 3.99% |
| Acquisitions | -3.9B | -2.87B | -20.72B | -260M | -2.98B | -862M | -12.34B | -9.09B | -1.12B | 10M | 975M | -403M | 3.37B | 9M | -7.46B | -211M | -762M | -2.23B | -191M | -159M | 507M | 843M | 185M | -18M | -221M | -2.55B | 652M | -266M | -93M | -254M | -316M |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 1.1B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4M | 5.07B | 44M | -270M | 103M | -215M | -22.47B | 27M | -118M | -82M | 169M | 482M | 322M | 173M |
| Cash from Financing | -10.91B | -10.35B | 5.13B | -9.42B | -16.96B | -16.22B | -1.15B | 7.62B | -3.54B | -4.08B | -2.65B | -3.62B | -2.44B | -1.07B | -4.33B | -2.66B | -3.34B | -17M | -2.58B | -3.21B | -3.35B | -3.64B | -463M | -1.03B | -1.12B | 1.77B | -4.16B | -2.95B | -2.64B | -2.15B | -1.89B |
| Debt Issued (Net) | -5.72B | -5.17B | 10.1B | 456M | -5.31B | -6.18B | 3.93B | 17.65B | -548M | 991M | 110M | -1.14B | -432M | 1.09B | -109M | -79M | -963M | 1.45B | -337M | -1.33B | -1.16B | -1.62B | 1.57B | 1.09B | 1.08B | 5.24B | -241M | -80M | -8M | 409M | 268M |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -134M | -128M | 0 | -5.16B | -8B | -6.29B | -1.55B | -7.3B | -320M | -2.47B | -231M | 0 | 288M | 131M | -1.94B | -620M | -324M | 827M | 5M | 333M | 170M | 166M | 141M | 44M | -26M | -1.34B | -1.99B | -1.17B | -1.08B | -1.04B | -646M |
| Dividends Paid | -5.07B | -5.04B | -4.86B | -4.74B | -4.63B | -4.4B | -4.08B | -2.68B | -2.61B | -2.58B | -2.55B | -2.48B | -2.4B | -2.31B | -2.29B | -2.25B | -2.2B | -2.48B | -2.46B | -2.21B | -2.2B | -2.19B | -2.17B | -2.17B | -2.17B | -2.14B | -1.93B | -1.71B | -1.55B | -1.51B | -1.51B |
| Share Repurchases | -98M | 0 | 0 | -5.16B | -8B | -6.29B | -1.55B | -7.3B | -320M | -2.47B | -231M | 0 | 0 | -433M | -2.4B | -1.22B | -576M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -164M | -1.59B | -2.34B | -1.42B | -1.56B | -1.16B | -852M |
| Other Financing | 11M | 0 | -106M | 27M | 984M | 641M | 542M | -53M | -54M | -22M | 15M | -9M | 105M | 20M | 2M | 296M | 146M | 194M | 211M | 0 | -158M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -1.29B | -137M | -1.17B | 2.19B | -4.99B | -657M | 2.15B | 5.91B | 1.49B | 1.18B | 1.85B | -3.19B | 1.99B | 1.93B | -4.12B | 743M | -2.65B | -293M | 6.17B | -217M | -1.03B | -630M | 1.13B | 98M | -2.19B | 2.32B | 462M | 476M | 788M | -225M | 36M |
| Free Cash Flow | 11.91B | 12.85B | 13.94B | 12.65B | 11.95B | 15.23B | 13.3B | 7.37B | 6.12B | 4.22B | 1.84B | 1.28B | 2.62B | 3.01B | 6.39B | 4.47B | 4.07B | 3.33B | 2.77B | 2.31B | 1.29B | 1.07B | 2.37B | 2.52B | -237M | 4.38B | 4.06B | 3.52B | 2.99B | 1.71B | 2.04B |
| FCF Margin % | 24.56% | 26.65% | 28.87% | 28.11% | 25.88% | 32.84% | 31.28% | 28.2% | 27.1% | 20.31% | 9.49% | 7.76% | 16.51% | 18.36% | 36.28% | 21.06% | 20.87% | 17.73% | 13.43% | 11.94% | 7.2% | 5.56% | 12.21% | 12.07% | -1.31% | 22.55% | 22.3% | 17.38% | 16.38% | 10.23% | 13.54% |
| FCF Growth % | -9% | -7.87% | 10.2% | 5.88% | -21.57% | 14.55% | 80.35% | 20.59% | 44.91% | 128.97% | 43.42% | -50.99% | -12.83% | -52.95% | 42.92% | 9.98% | 21.95% | 20.57% | 19.74% | 79.07% | 20.79% | -54.88% | -6.15% | 1164.13% | -105.41% | 7.78% | 15.59% | 17.4% | 75.19% | -16.23% | 2.72% |
| FCF per Share | 5.83 | 6.29 | 6.88 | 6.09 | 5.57 | 6.79 | 5.89 | 4.31 | 3.74 | 2.55 | 1.10 | 0.77 | 1.57 | 1.81 | 3.79 | 2.61 | 2.35 | 1.69 | 1.38 | 1.17 | 0.66 | 0.54 | 1.20 | 1.29 | -0.12 | 2.23 | 2.03 | 1.73 | 1.47 | 0.84 | 1.00 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 1.64x | 2.01x | -1.70x | 1.73x | 2.07x | 2.32x | -1.56x | 2.39x | 1.44x | 5.24x | 0.69x | 1.35x | 1.57x | 1.38x | 3.54x | 1.30x | 1.45x | 0.38x | 0.71x | 1.46x | 1.31x | 0.61x | 1.33x | 1.13x | 0.44x | 1.12x | 0.99x | 1.01x | 1.20x | 0.77x | 0.93x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
IRA pricing negotiation impact
As reported in quarterly financial statements, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow is highly erratic, with OCF/NI ratios swinging from a negative 0.24 in 2024Q1 to a massive 61.65 in 2024Q4, indicating significant accounting noise that obscures underlying cash generation quality.
The extreme divergence between GAAP net income and operating cash flow suggests that non-cash charges, particularly acquisition-related amortization, are heavily distorting the bottom line. Investors should interpret these figures with caution, as the cash flow statement reveals a much more stable operational reality than the volatile net income figures would otherwise imply.
Based on the provided cash flow data, free cash flow margins have demonstrated significant instability, ranging from a low of 6.6% in 2026Q1 to a peak of 49.0% in 2025Q3, reflecting the lumpy nature of capital deployment and the impact of large-scale M&A on cash availability.
The trajectory of free cash flow appears heavily influenced by the timing of major business development activities rather than purely organic operational performance. This suggests that the company's ability to sustain high FCF margins is contingent upon its success in integrating recent acquisitions without incurring further massive cash outflows.
According to recent cash flow filings, working capital changes have been a primary driver of quarterly cash flow variance, with fluctuations as large as a $3.1 billion inflow in 2025Q3 followed by a $3.0 billion outflow in 2026Q1, highlighting significant volatility in operational cash cycles.
These dramatic shifts in working capital suggest that the company may be experiencing lumpy inventory management or irregular collection patterns associated with its complex biologic product portfolio. Such volatility warrants further investigation into whether these movements represent temporary timing differences or a more permanent shift in the efficiency of the cash conversion cycle.
As evidenced by the provided financial data, the company consistently prioritizes dividend payments of approximately $1.3 billion per quarter, even while simultaneously funding multi-billion dollar acquisitions, which suggests a management strategy that balances shareholder returns with an aggressive, debt-funded growth mandate that may strain future liquidity.
The persistent commitment to dividends despite significant acquisition-related cash outflows indicates a management team focused on maintaining investor confidence through yield. However, this strategy appears to limit the company's financial flexibility, potentially leaving it vulnerable if the expected returns from recent neuroscience and radiopharmaceutical acquisitions fail to materialize as planned.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying BMY stock.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMY) generated $14.16B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMY) generated $12.85B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMY) spent $1.31B on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMY) returned $5.04B to shareholders via cash dividends. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.