Aggressive capital reinvestment, including $3.7 billion in 2026Q1 CapEx, has resulted in a $3.3 billion free cash flow deficit, highlighting the company's reliance on external financing to sustain its infrastructure projects.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 4.55B | 4.24B | -2.46B | -5.3B | -2.35B | -1.34B | 584M | 2.87B | 3.86B | 3.3B | 4.44B | 4.2B | 1.83B | 3.89B | 3.58B |
| Operating CF Growth % | 2567.37% | 271.96% | 53.52% | -125.29% | -75.86% | -329.11% | -79.67% | -25.59% | 17.04% | -25.73% | 5.79% | 129.96% | -53.02% | 8.55% | - |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 15.25% | 16.59% | -10.45% | -21.27% | -9.63% | -6.81% | 3.32% | 15.18% | 18.89% | 17.83% | 25.02% | 21.94% | 10.5% | 24.87% | 24.8% |
| Net Income | 3.8B | 2.32B | 3.74B | 1.62B | -167M | -205M | 589M | 1.13B | 370M | 2.22B | 483M | 1.37B | 835M | 1.07B | 562M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 2.76B | 2.6B | 2.7B | 2.51B | 2.43B | 4B | 3.64B | 3.06B | 3.42B | 2.79B | 2.75B | 2.59B | 2.52B | 2.56B | 2.97B |
| Deferred Taxes | 674M | 273M | 222M | 251M | -643M | -205M | 78M | 361M | -451M | 261M | 78M | -274M | 522M | 0 | -321M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -1.32B | -3M | -1.79B | 185M | 1.16B | -33M | -299M | -1.01B | 788M | -1.31B | 728M | 195M | 407M | 295M | 53M |
| Working Capital Changes | -1.36B | -953M | -7.33B | -9.87B | -5.25B | -4.94B | -3.45B | -698M | -338M | -757M | 311M | 238M | -2.51B | -85M | 279M |
| Capital Expenditures | -5.88B | -2.95B | 7.43B | -2.42B | 3.1B | 3.28B | -1.75B | -1.84B | -2.24B | -2.26B | -3.08B | -3.84B | -3.01B | -2.75B | -3.58B |
| CapEx / Revenue % | 19.67% | 11.55% | 31.52% | 9.72% | 12.7% | 16.7% | 9.92% | 9.75% | 10.97% | 12.21% | 17.33% | 20.07% | 17.32% | 17.61% | 24.76% |
| CapEx / D&A | 2.13x | 1.13x | 2.75x | 0.96x | 1.28x | 0.82x | 0.48x | 0.60x | 0.66x | 0.81x | 1.12x | 1.48x | 1.20x | 1.08x | 1.21x |
| CapEx Coverage (OCF/CapEx) | 0.78x | 1.44x | -0.33x | -2.19x | -0.76x | -0.41x | 0.33x | 1.56x | 1.72x | 1.46x | 1.44x | 1.09x | 0.61x | 1.41x | 1.00x |
| Cash from Investing | -6.04B | -3.2B | 7.43B | 3.03B | 3.1B | 3.28B | 1.96B | -1.87B | -2.53B | -2.66B | -3.82B | -4.07B | -1.77B | -2.92B | -2.63B |
| Acquisitions | -2.54B | -14M | 0 | 0 | 52M | 1.33B | 1.75B | -41M | -154M | -208M | -293M | -40M | -246M | 0 | 0 |
| Purchase of Investments | -3.71B | -7.28B | -6.28B | -6.05B | -4.27B | -6.67B | -3.46B | -10.09B | -9B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sale of Investments | 3.54B | 6.95B | 6B | 5.82B | 4.05B | 6.53B | 3.34B | 10.05B | 8.76B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Investing | 84M | 103M | 10.27B | 5.68B | 4.96B | 3.42B | 2.08B | 55M | 100M | -195M | -445M | -188M | 1.49B | -164M | 946M |
| Cash from Financing | 718M | -420M | -2.29B | 2.2B | -799M | -1.7B | -2.66B | -1.46B | -981M | -531M | -734M | -479M | -537M | -384M | -777M |
| Dividends Paid | -519M | -486M | -444M | -366M | -185M | -1.83B | -1.73B | -899M | -1B | -659M | -922M | -2.47B | -645M | -625M | -1.63B |
| Dividend Payout Ratio % | - | 20.96% | 11.84% | 22.55% | - | - | 294.4% | 79.91% | 270.54% | 24.32% | 190.89% | 180.32% | 77.25% | 58.41% | 289.32% |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 0 | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 0 |
| Stock Issued | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.75B | 64M | 64M | 41M | 155M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -400M | -400M | -999M | -992M | -1.75B | -64M | -64M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | 33M | -108M | -1M | 42M | 1.72B | -1.15B | 279M | -151M | -9M | -256M | 2M | 1.32B | -418M | -43M | 849M |
| Net Change in Cash | -771M | 619M | 2.67B | -74M | -48M | 249M | -122M | -454M | 349M | 106M | 17M | -349M | -478M | 587M | 671M |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 125M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 496M |
| Cash at Beginning | 3.75B | 3.13B | 454M | 528M | 576M | 327M | 449M | 903M | 554M | 448M | 431M | 780M | 1.26B | 671M | 0 |
| Cash at End | 1.17B | 3.75B | 3.13B | 454M | 528M | 576M | 327M | 449M | 903M | 554M | 448M | 431M | 780M | 1.26B | 671M |
| Free Cash Flow | -1.32B | 1.29B | 4.96B | -7.72B | 751M | 1.94B | -1.16B | 1.03B | 1.62B | 1.04B | 1.36B | 358M | -1.19B | 1.14B | 6M |
| FCF Growth % | -131.75% | -74.05% | 164.28% | -1128.36% | -61.37% | 267.15% | -213.13% | -36.5% | 55.67% | -23.75% | 281.01% | 130.19% | -204.49% | 18816.67% | - |
| FCF Margin % | -4.42% | 5.04% | 21.06% | -30.99% | 3.07% | 9.89% | -6.61% | 5.43% | 7.92% | 5.62% | 7.68% | 1.87% | -6.82% | 7.26% | 0.04% |
| FCF / Net Income % | -34.7% | 55.54% | 132.41% | -475.85% | -469.37% | -948.29% | -197.45% | 91.38% | 437.57% | 38.38% | 282.4% | 26.09% | -142.04% | 106.07% | 1.07% |
Regulatory and operational concentration
As reported in recent financial statements, CEG’s capital expenditure reached $3.7 billion in 2026Q1, representing a significant investment cycle that underscores the company's commitment to nuclear fleet life extensions and the strategic revival of assets like the Crane Clean Energy Center to meet rising baseload demand.
The high CAPEX-to-OCF ratio observed in recent periods suggests that the company is prioritizing long-term asset viability over immediate cash flow maximization. This capital-intensive strategy appears necessary to maintain the competitive moat provided by its carbon-free nuclear generation, though it necessitates consistent access to capital markets to bridge the resulting free cash flow deficits.
Based on the provided cash flow data, the company experienced a $3.3 billion free cash flow deficit in 2026Q1, highlighting the reliance on external financing to fund the aggressive capital reinvestment program required to sustain its specialized nuclear generation assets in a high-demand environment.
While the company maintains a relatively low debt-to-equity ratio, the recurring negative free cash flow warrants close monitoring of its ability to secure favorable financing terms. Investors should consider whether the current capital allocation strategy remains sustainable if market conditions for merchant power tighten or if regulatory support mechanisms face unexpected legislative headwinds.
According to quarterly filings, the OCF-to-dividend coverage ratio has fluctuated significantly, reaching a peak of 15.3x in 2025Q3 before dropping to 2.7x in 2026Q1, which reflects the inherent volatility of merchant power cash flows rather than a traditional utility's predictable, rate-regulated dividend payout model.
The variability in dividend coverage suggests that the payout is sensitive to the timing of nuclear refueling outages and market-based revenue fluctuations. While the current dividend appears supported by the company's broader liquidity, the lack of consistent cash flow stability implies that dividend growth may be constrained by the competing demands of massive capital reinvestment.
As indicated by the discrepancy between net income and operating cash flow in 2026Q1, where $1.6 billion in net income contrasted with $425 million in OCF, the company's reported earnings are heavily influenced by non-cash items and mark-to-market hedging adjustments that obscure underlying operational cash generation.
This disconnect suggests that analysts should prioritize cash flow metrics over GAAP net income when evaluating the company's ability to fund its capital-intensive growth strategy. The reliance on energy hedges and NDT fund performance creates a layer of complexity that may mask the true cash-generating capacity of the core nuclear fleet.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CEG stock.
Constellation Energy Corporation (CEG) generated $4.24B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Constellation Energy Corporation (CEG) generated $1.29B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Constellation Energy Corporation (CEG) spent $2.95B on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Constellation Energy Corporation (CEG) returned $486.0M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $400.0M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.