Cosan S.A. (CSAN) Financial Ratios
20 years of historical data (2005–2024) · Energy · Oil & Gas Refining & Marketing
EV/EBITDA
↓
6.08
+1% vs avg
5yr avg: 6.02
30Y Low4.9·High7.4
P/FCF
↓
3.86
↓-66% vs avg
5yr avg: 11.39
30Y Low1.0·High38.7
P/B Ratio
↓
0.49
↑+67% vs avg
5yr avg: 0.29
30Y Low0.1·High0.5
ROE
↓
-20.9%
↑-786% vs avg
5yr avg: 3.0%
30Y Low-21%·High32%
Debt/EBITDA
↓
5.81
↓-27% vs avg
5yr avg: 7.91
30Y Low2.3·High17.5
Percentile shows where the current value sits in 30-year historical distribution. Sparklines show 5-year trend.
CSAN Valuation Multiples
Price-based multiples — how expensive the stock is relative to earnings, sales, book value, and cash flow
Cosan S.A. currently has a negative P/E ratio, indicating the company is operating at a loss on a trailing-twelve-month basis. On a free-cash-flow basis, the stock trades at 3.9x P/FCF, 66% below the 5-year average of 11.4x.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market Cap | $4.1B | $5.1B | $14.7B | $12.2B | $14.4B | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Enterprise Value | $15.4B | $61.1B | $62.2B | $55.5B | $47.2B | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P/E Ratio → | -1.99 | — | 13.50 | 4.35 | 2.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P/S Ratio | 0.46 | 0.12 | 0.37 | 0.31 | 0.55 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P/B Ratio | 0.49 | 0.13 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.50 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P/FCF | 3.86 | 0.97 | 3.66 | 2.25 | 38.70 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P/OCF | 1.55 | 0.39 | 1.43 | 1.23 | 2.80 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
P/E links to full P/E history page with 30-year chart
CSAN EV Ratios
Enterprise-value multiples — capital-structure-neutral measures of total business value
Cosan S.A.'s enterprise value stands at 6.1x EBITDA, roughly in line with its 5-year average of 6.0x. The Energy sector median is 8.1x, placing the stock at a 25% discount on an enterprise-value basis.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EV / Revenue | — | 1.39 | 1.58 | 1.41 | 1.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | 6.08 | 4.87 | 5.68 | 6.18 | 7.36 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBIT | 8.21 | 6.14 | 5.79 | 6.83 | 4.65 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / FCF | — | 11.65 | 15.52 | 10.19 | 126.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
CSAN Profitability
Margins and return-on-capital ratios measuring operating efficiency
Cosan S.A. earns an operating margin of 21.1%, above the Energy sector average of 14.3%. Operating margins have expanded from 15.1% to 21.1% over the past 3 years, signaling improving operational efficiency. A negative ROE of -20.9% indicates the company is currently destroying shareholder equity. ROIC of 7.2% represents adequate returns on invested capital versus a sector median of 6.3%.
Margins
Full margin charts and quarterly trend are on the Earnings History page
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross Margin | 31.2% | 31.2% | 27.7% | 22.3% | 22.3% | 27.3% | 29.3% | 25.3% | 34.2% | 39.2% | 29.9% |
| Operating Margin | 21.1% | 21.1% | 19.2% | 15.1% | 15.0% | 19.1% | 26.1% | 32.0% | 38.2% | 39.0% | 21.6% |
| Net Profit Margin | -21.4% | -21.4% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 24.2% | 6.4% | 17.9% | 16.0% | 17.1% | 13.7% | 7.9% |
Return on Capital
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE | -20.9% | -20.9% | 2.2% | 3.1% | 25.4% | 5.4% | 22.1% | 15.6% | 12.5% | 8.9% | 5.3% |
| ROA | -6.7% | -6.7% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 7.0% | 1.5% | 7.9% | 5.8% | 4.7% | 3.6% | 2.3% |
| ROIC | 7.2% | 7.2% | 6.0% | 5.8% | 5.1% | 5.5% | 14.5% | 14.1% | 13.4% | 12.6% | 7.3% |
| ROCE | 7.5% | 7.5% | 6.3% | 5.9% | 5.0% | 5.3% | 13.8% | 13.6% | 12.3% | 11.5% | 7.1% |
CSAN Leverage & Debt
Solvency and debt-coverage ratios — lower is generally safer
Cosan S.A. carries a Debt/EBITDA ratio of 5.8x, which is highly leveraged (140% above the sector average of 2.4x). Net debt stands at $56.1B ($73.0B total debt minus $16.9B cash). Interest coverage of just 1.3x is concerning — the company has limited headroom to absorb earnings volatility before struggling with debt service.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt / Equity | 1.85 | 1.85 | 1.22 | 1.17 | 1.69 | 2.17 | 1.21 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.85 | 0.78 |
| Debt / EBITDA | 5.81 | 5.81 | 5.68 | 6.30 | 7.64 | 14.13 | 3.26 | 2.59 | 2.78 | 2.59 | 4.08 |
| Net Debt / Equity | — | 1.42 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 1.13 | 1.52 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 0.53 |
| Net Debt / EBITDA | 4.47 | 4.47 | 4.34 | 4.82 | 5.11 | 9.87 | 1.78 | 1.89 | 1.88 | 1.46 | 2.77 |
| Debt / FCF | — | 10.68 | 11.86 | 7.94 | 87.96 | 28.99 | 3.69 | 3.52 | 4.71 | 2.95 | 5.28 |
| Interest Coverage | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.35 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 66.70 | 49.83 | 3.72 | 2.86 | 2.26 | 1.71 |
CSAN Liquidity & Efficiency
Short-term solvency ratios and asset-utilisation metrics
A current ratio of 1.72x means Cosan S.A. can comfortably meet its short-term obligations, though there is limited excess liquidity. The current ratio has improved from 1.62x to 1.72x over the past 3 years.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Ratio | 1.72 | 1.72 | 1.77 | 1.62 | 2.11 | 1.87 | 1.84 | 1.90 | 1.56 | 1.96 | 1.54 |
| Quick Ratio | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.66 | 1.50 | 2.02 | 1.79 | 1.75 | 1.79 | 1.48 | 1.85 | 1.42 |
| Cash Ratio | 1.13 | 1.13 | 1.13 | 1.01 | 1.62 | 1.40 | 1.33 | 1.13 | 1.11 | 1.38 | 1.01 |
| Asset Turnover | — | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
| Inventory Turnover | 14.59 | 14.59 | 15.93 | 16.35 | 17.63 | 10.50 | 17.80 | 16.99 | 13.25 | 13.25 | 13.74 |
| Days Sales Outstanding | — | 32.23 | 50.61 | 56.17 | 63.84 | 43.91 | 59.03 | 72.45 | 64.83 | 57.93 | 47.01 |
CSAN Shareholder Yields
Earnings, FCF, buyback, and dividend yields — total returns to shareholders
Cosan S.A. returns 19.8% to shareholders annually — split between a 17.9% dividend yield and 2.0% buyback yield.
Dividends
Full dividend history and growth charts are on the Dividend History page
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dividend Yield | 17.9% | 68.0% | 17.6% | 15.6% | 17.8% | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Payout Ratio | — | — | 236.0% | 162.3% | 40.5% | 68.7% | 16.9% | 37.7% | 94.2% | 183.4% | 97.6% |
Total Shareholder Return Metrics
| Metric | TTM | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 | FY 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earnings Yield | — | — | 7.4% | 23.0% | 42.5% | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| FCF Yield | 25.9% | 103.6% | 27.3% | 44.4% | 2.6% | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Buyback Yield | 2.0% | 7.9% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.2% | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total Shareholder Yield | 19.8% | 75.9% | 18.3% | 16.3% | 17.9% | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Shares Outstanding | — | $931M | $937M | $937M | $920M | $773M | $790M | $804M | $824M | $828M | $834M |
Peer Comparison
Compare CSAN with 10 similar companies in its peer group
| Company | Market Cap | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/FCF | Gross Margin | Op Margin | ROE | ROIC | Debt/EBITDA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 CSANYou | $4B | -2.0 | 6.1 | 3.9 | 31.2% | 21.1% | -20.9% | 7.2% | 5.8 |
 SBS | $22B | 13.0 | 10.1 | — | 36.6% | 32.2% | 20.9% | 13.1% | 2.8 |
 GGB | $10B | 34.1 | 6.0 | 36.1 | 11.4% | 8.4% | 2.5% | 6.8% | 1.6 |
 CIG | $7B | 7.0 | 7.0 | — | 16.9% | 14.1% | 17.2% | 10.5% | 2.7 |
 ERJ | $12B | 34.1 | 14.3 | 29.6 | 18.0% | 10.4% | 11.0% | 11.4% | 2.9 |
 VALE | $71B | 27.9 | 5.9 | 23.1 | 34.4% | 29.0% | 7.2% | 17.7% | 1.4 |
 SUZ | $11B | 4.1 | 6.5 | 9.6 | 31.1% | 22.8% | 34.4% | 6.3% | 4.8 |
 BSBR | $43B | 17.6 | 7.4 | 160.8 | 27.5% | 11.0% | 10.4% | 4.9% | 6.7 |
 ITUB | $90B | 10.3 | 20.6 | 3.5 | 34.5% | 13.1% | 20.6% | 3.2% | 17.6 |
 PBR | $76B | 8.7 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 50.3% | 28.1% | 10.9% | 15.7% | 1.6 |
 UGP | $6B | 13.3 | 8.3 | 20.9 | 6.6% | 3.2% | 14.3% | 10.2% | 3.6 |
| Energy Median | — | 16.8 | 8.1 | 14.3 | 31.9% | 14.3% | 7.8% | 6.3% | 2.4 |
Peer selection based on competitive and market overlap. Compare multiple stocks →
Download Financial Ratios Data
Includes 30+ ratios · 20 years · Updated daily
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Start ComparisonCSAN — Frequently Asked Questions
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CSAN stock.
What is Cosan S.A.'s P/E ratio?
Cosan S.A.'s current P/E ratio is -2.0x. The historical average is 6.7x.
What is Cosan S.A.'s EV/EBITDA?
Cosan S.A.'s current EV/EBITDA is 6.1x. This enterprise value multiple compares the company's total value (equity + debt - cash) to its EBITDA. The historical average is 6.0x.
What is Cosan S.A.'s ROE?
Cosan S.A.'s return on equity (ROE) is -20.9%. The historical average is 7.9%.
Is CSAN stock overvalued?
Based on historical data, Cosan S.A. is trading at a P/E of -2.0x. Compare with industry peers and growth rates for a complete picture.
What is Cosan S.A.'s dividend yield?
Cosan S.A.'s current dividend yield is 17.86%.
What are Cosan S.A.'s profit margins?
Cosan S.A. has 31.2% gross margin and 21.1% operating margin. Operating margin above 20% indicates strong pricing power and cost efficiency.
How much debt does Cosan S.A. have?
Cosan S.A.'s Debt/EBITDA ratio is 5.8x, indicating high leverage. A ratio above 4x may signal elevated financial risk.