Cash flow remains inconsistent, highlighted by an OCF/NI ratio that swung from -8.56 in 2024Q3 to 1.44 in 2026Q1, complicating capital allocation.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 10.33B | 10.64B | 9.11B | 13.43B | 16.18B | 18.27B | 15.87B | 12.85B | 8.87B | 8.01B | 10.14B | 8.54B | 8.14B | 5.78B | 6.67B | 5.86B | 4.78B | 4.04B | 3.95B | 3.23B | 1.74B | 1.61B | 914.2M | 968.9M | 1.2B | 680.6M | 780.2M | 726.3M | 292.4M | -105.8M | 327.2M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 2.65% | 2.44% | 3.75% | 5.02% | 6.25% | 5.9% | 5% | 4.56% | 4.33% | 5.71% | 5.57% | 5.84% | 4.56% | 5.42% | 5.47% | 4.99% | 4.11% | 4.51% | 4.23% | 3.98% | 4.36% | 2.99% | 3.64% | 4.98% | 3.06% | 3.88% | 4.01% | 1.91% | -0.77% | 2.77% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 243.78% | 16.82% | -32.17% | -17.01% | -11.43% | 15.13% | 23.48% | 44.93% | 10.72% | -21.04% | 18.76% | 4.94% | 40.71% | -13.31% | 13.92% | 22.54% | 18.44% | 2.23% | 22.21% | 85.36% | 8.08% | 76.34% | -5.65% | -19.58% | 77.02% | -12.77% | 7.42% | 148.39% | 376.37% | -132.34% | -28.87% |
| Net Income | 2.93B | 1.73B | 4.59B | 8.37B | 4.33B | 7.99B | 7.19B | 6.63B | -596M | 6.62B | 5.32B | 5.24B | 4.64B | 4.59B | 3.86B | 3.46B | 3.42B | 3.7B | 3.21B | 2.64B | 1.37B | 1.22B | 959.3M | 847.3M | 716.6M | 413.2M | 746M | 635.1M | 384.5M | 105.9M | 208.2M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 1.11B | 4.61B | 4.6B | 4.37B | 4.22B | 4.49B | 4.44B | 4.37B | 2.72B | 2.48B | 2.48B | 2.09B | 1.93B | 1.87B | 1.75B | 1.57B | 1.47B | 1.39B | 1.27B | 1.09B | 733.3M | 589.1M | 439.9M | 341.7M | 310.3M | 320.8M | 296.6M | 277.9M | 249.7M | 242.6M | 262.8M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 276M | 535M | 540M | 588M | 447M | 484M | 400M | 453M | 280M | 234M | 222M | 230M | 165M | 141M | 132M | 135M | 150M | 165M | 92M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 620M | 102M | -572M | -676M | -2.03B | -402M | -570M | -654M | 87M | -1.33B | 18M | -252M | -58M | -86M | -111M | 144M | 30M | 48M | -3M | 40.1M | 98.2M | 13.5M | -7.2M | 41.1M | 71.8M | -83.5M | 43.8M | 124.8M | 80.6M | -140.4M | 116.4M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 7.11B | 5.14B | -153M | 765M | 2.39B | 1.85B | 1.24B | 548M | 6.49B | 421M | 778M | -14M | 521M | 0 | 348M | -53M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 78M | 69.9M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 352.5M | 0 | 0 | 188.6M | 466.4M | 146.6M |
| Working Capital Changes | -2.9B | -1.47B | 109M | 15M | 6.82B | 3.86B | 3.16B | 1.5B | -112M | -416M | 1.33B | 1.24B | 934M | -734M | 687M | 604M | -294M | -1.26B | -628M | -620M | -527.9M | -215.2M | -477.8M | -261.2M | 106.1M | -322.4M | -306.2M | -311.5M | -611M | -780.3M | -406.8M |
| Change in Receivables | -1.65B | -3.5B | -1.3B | -6.26B | -2.97B | -2.7B | -1.51B | -2.16B | -1.14B | -941M | -243M | -1.59B | -737M | -2.21B | -387M | -748M | 532M | -86M | -291M | 279.7M | -540.1M | -83.1M | -48.4M | -311.1M | -53.1M | -141.7M | -86.7M | -48.9M | -197.9M | -82.5M | -800K |
| Change in Inventory | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Change in Payables | 326M | 3.85B | 2.33B | 3.62B | 4.26B | 2.9B | 2.77B | 3.55B | 2.33B | 1.71B | 2.19B | 2.83B | 1.74B | 1.02B | 1.15B | 1.13B | -40M | 4M | -64M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -5.98B | -5.87B | -7.61B | -20.89B | -5.05B | -5.26B | -5.53B | -3.34B | -43.28B | -2.88B | -2.47B | -13.42B | -4.04B | -1.83B | -1.85B | -2.41B | -1.64B | -1.07B | -4.58B | -3.08B | -4.59B | -911.6M | -3.16B | -753.6M | -735.8M | -536.8M | -640.5M | -566.4M | -585.4M | 160.8M | 23.4M |
| Capital Expenditures | -2.94B | -2.83B | -2.78B | -3.03B | -2.73B | -2.52B | -2.44B | -2.46B | -2.04B | -1.92B | -2.22B | -2.37B | -2.14B | -1.98B | -2.03B | -1.87B | -2B | -2.55B | -2.18B | -1.81B | -1.77B | -1.5B | -1.35B | -1.12B | -1.11B | -713.6M | -695.3M | -722.7M | -502.3M | -341.6M | -702.8M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 0.72% | 0.7% | 0.75% | 0.85% | 0.85% | 0.86% | 0.91% | 0.96% | 1.05% | 1.04% | 1.25% | 1.54% | 1.53% | 1.57% | 1.65% | 1.75% | 2.09% | 2.59% | 2.49% | 2.37% | 4.04% | 4.04% | 4.41% | 4.22% | 4.59% | 3.21% | 3.46% | 3.99% | 3.29% | 2.48% | 5.94% |
| Acquisitions | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | -415M | 26M | 101M | 68M | 85M | 122M | 101M | 47M | 21M | 298M | 267M | 446M | 526M | 654M | 552M | 596M | 541M | 1.58B | 19M | 706.9M | 1.4B | 583.8M | 478.1M | 501.2M | 466.5M | 335.9M | 318.1M | 257.4M | 50.5M | 192.7M | 240.4M |
| Cash from Financing | -4.93B | -4.94B | -1.14B | 2.68B | -10.52B | -11.36B | -7.7B | -7.65B | 36.82B | -6.75B | -6.76B | 4.88B | -5.69B | -1.24B | -4.86B | -3.46B | -2.8B | -3.23B | 929M | 377.9M | 2.87B | -579.4M | 1.8B | -72.5M | -4.9M | -244.8M | -32.4M | -110.7M | 281.3M | -369.3M | -24.7M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Equity Issued (Net) | 353M | 394M | -3.02B | -2.01B | -3.5B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4.36B | -4.46B | -5B | -4B | -3.98B | -4.33B | -3B | -1.5B | -2.48B | -23M | -4.82B | 187.6M | 178.4M | 129.8M | 38.3M | 34M | -81.7M | -65.4M | 20.4M | 121.1M | 169.1M | 128.5M |
| Dividends Paid | -3.4B | -3.4B | -3.37B | -3.13B | -2.91B | -2.63B | -2.62B | -2.6B | -2.04B | -2.05B | -1.84B | -1.58B | -1.29B | -1.1B | -829M | -674M | -479M | -439M | -383M | -322.4M | -140.9M | -131.6M | -119.8M | -105.2M | -104.9M | -105.2M | -104.8M | -104.7M | -102.5M | -87.6M | -137.5M |
| Share Repurchases | 0 | 0 | -3.02B | -2.01B | -3.5B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4.36B | -4.46B | -5B | -4B | -3.98B | -4.33B | -3B | -1.5B | -2.48B | -23M | -5.37B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -129M | -163.2M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -180M | 1.96B | 202M | -105M | 102M | 536M | 601M | 269M | 592M | 257M | 154M | 238M | 527M | 562M | 838M | 424M | 308M | 266M | 381M | 97.8M | 42.6M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -25.8M |
| Net Change in Cash | -639M | -172M | 359M | -4.78B | 614M | 1.65B | 2.63B | 1.85B | 2.4B | -1.62B | 912M | -22M | -1.61B | 2.71B | -38M | -14M | 341M | -266M | 296M | 525.9M | 17.3M | 121.1M | -450.9M | 142.8M | 464.1M | -101M | 107.3M | 49.2M | -11.7M | -314.3M | -180.9M |
| Free Cash Flow | 7.39B | 7.81B | 6.33B | 10.39B | 13.45B | 15.74B | 13.43B | 10.39B | 6.83B | 6.09B | 7.92B | 6.17B | 6B | 3.8B | 4.64B | 3.98B | 2.77B | 1.49B | 1.77B | 1.42B | -26.5M | 116.7M | -433.5M | -152.8M | 96M | -33M | 84.9M | 3.6M | -209.9M | -447.4M | -375.6M |
| FCF Margin % | 1.81% | 1.94% | 1.7% | 2.91% | 4.17% | 5.39% | 5% | 4.05% | 3.51% | 3.3% | 4.46% | 4.03% | 4.31% | 3% | 3.77% | 3.72% | 2.9% | 1.51% | 2.02% | 1.87% | -0.06% | 0.32% | -1.42% | -0.57% | 0.4% | -0.15% | 0.42% | 0.02% | -1.37% | -3.25% | -3.17% |
| FCF Growth % | 24.46% | 23.41% | -39.14% | -22.71% | -14.58% | 17.26% | 29.23% | 52.18% | 12.14% | -23.09% | 28.27% | 2.85% | 57.96% | -18.14% | 16.49% | 43.62% | 86.55% | -15.85% | 24.05% | 5475.09% | -122.71% | 126.92% | -183.7% | -259.17% | 390.91% | -138.87% | 2258.33% | 101.72% | 53.08% | -19.12% | -445.14% |
| FCF per Share | 5.78 | 6.14 | 5.01 | 8.06 | 10.17 | 11.85 | 10.22 | 7.96 | 6.54 | 5.95 | 7.34 | 5.48 | 5.13 | 3.10 | 3.63 | 2.96 | 2.01 | 1.03 | 1.20 | 1.04 | -0.03 | 0.14 | -0.53 | -0.19 | 0.12 | -0.04 | 0.11 | 0.00 | -0.26 | -0.57 | -0.88 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 2.52x | 6.02x | 1.97x | 1.61x | 3.75x | 2.28x | 2.21x | 1.94x | -14.92x | 1.21x | 1.91x | 1.63x | 1.75x | 1.26x | 1.73x | 1.69x | 1.39x | 1.09x | 1.23x | 1.22x | 1.27x | 1.32x | 0.99x | 1.14x | 1.68x | 1.65x | 1.05x | 1.14x | 0.76x | -1.19x | 1.57x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 583M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.22B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Medicare Advantage utilization volatility
Based on the provided quarterly data, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow remains highly volatile, with the OCF/NI ratio swinging from a negative 8.56 in 2024Q3 to a positive 1.44 in 2026Q1, indicating significant disconnects between accounting profits and actual cash generation.
The extreme variance in the OCF/NI ratio suggests that GAAP net income is frequently distorted by non-cash charges and large working capital swings, particularly within the insurance segment. Investors should monitor whether this volatility reflects genuine operational instability or merely the timing of medical claim settlements.
As reported in financial statements, CVS's free cash flow trajectory has been inconsistent, with margins fluctuating from a negative 3.8% in 2023Q4 to a peak of 4.7% in 2024Q1, highlighting the difficulty in maintaining stable cash conversion amidst shifting healthcare utilization and integration costs.
The erratic nature of FCF margins suggests that the company's ability to generate surplus cash is highly sensitive to the underlying medical benefit ratio and seasonal claim patterns. This lack of predictability complicates the assessment of the firm's long-term capacity to fund dividends and debt reduction.
According to recent SEC filings, CVS has experienced massive quarterly fluctuations in working capital, including a $6.0B outflow in 2023Q4 and a $2.7B inflow in 2024Q1, which suggests that the company's cash flow is heavily influenced by the timing of insurance premiums and pharmacy payables.
These large working capital movements appear to mask the underlying cash-generating capability of the core business segments. Analysts should investigate whether these swings are indicative of structural changes in payment cycles or simply the result of managing a complex, multi-segment healthcare delivery network.
Based on reported figures, CVS has maintained consistent dividend payments of approximately $840M per quarter, even as free cash flow turned negative in multiple periods, suggesting a commitment to shareholder returns that may be increasingly difficult to sustain given the current thin net margin profile.
The reliance on debt to fund operations and acquisitions, coupled with persistent dividend outflows, warrants further investigation into the sustainability of the current capital allocation strategy. The lack of significant share repurchases in recent quarters may reflect management's need to preserve liquidity in a strained environment.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CVS stock.
CVS Health Corporation (CVS) generated $10.64B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
CVS Health Corporation (CVS) generated $7.81B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
CVS Health Corporation (CVS) spent $2.83B on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, CVS Health Corporation (CVS) returned $3.40B to shareholders via cash dividends. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.