Free cash flow margins plummeted to 0.8% in 2026Q1, highlighting erratic cash conversion and significant administrative friction in global billing cycles.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 2.72B | 2.58B | 2.39B | 2.63B | 2.17B | 2.49B | 4.23B | 2.57B | 2.06B | 2.19B | 2.03B | 1.79B | 1.53B | 1.47B | 1.54B | 1.12B | 1.03B | 934.57M | 730.12M | 822.75M | 687.85M | 565.94M | 610.68M | 598.71M | 524.06M | 476.82M | 416.6M | 348.8M | 228.51M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 13.12% | 12.34% | 13.51% | 11.17% | 14.13% | 23.7% | 14.69% | 12.46% | 12.33% | 11.95% | 11.71% | 11.75% | 13.93% | 14.78% | 11.3% | 11.35% | 11.9% | 9.58% | 12.34% | 10.68% | 9.9% | 13.29% | 13.64% | 10.82% | 8.73% | 9.31% | 9.14% | 7.64% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 106.98% | 7.92% | -9.23% | 21.29% | -12.94% | -41.19% | 64.91% | 24.49% | -5.93% | 7.73% | 13.5% | 17.14% | 3.86% | -4.43% | 38.2% | 8.45% | 10.07% | 28% | -11.26% | 19.61% | 21.54% | -7.33% | 2% | 14.25% | 9.91% | 14.46% | 19.44% | 52.64% | - |
| Net Income | 947.01M | 939.75M | 740.87M | 732.46M | 894.33M | 1.22B | 1.44B | 1.44B | 2.23B | 1.55B | 1.47B | 1.2B | 1.04B | 909.3M | 1B | 908.32M | 801.07M | 673.53M | 587.32M | 491.86M | 406.69M | 384.12M | 296.55M | 262.97M | 276.16M | 71.2M | 225.8M | -247M | 16.29M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 1.59B | 1.41B | 1.74B | 1.75B | 1.84B | 1.62B | 1.79B | 1.59B | 725M | 736M | 736.9M | 655.81M | 574.83M | 469.43M | 455.87M | 429.75M | 378.37M | 318.97M | 298.59M | 249.2M | 233.9M | 212.3M | 171.57M | 171.81M | 200.65M | 363.59M | 311.81M | 282.44M | 237.89M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32.52M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.99M | 10.74M | 46.81M | 28.69M | 11.27M | 7M | 9.84M | 20.02M | 22.43M | 21.04M | 23.55M | 22.9M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.13M | 1.13M | 1.13M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -29.84M | -26.14M | -72.67M | -122.15M | -41.47M | 67.26M | 111.1M | 64.27M | 89.17M | -203.05M | -5.35M | -41.57M | 93.58M | 11.52M | 53.28M | -22.43M | -4.9M | -38.91M | -15.13M | 807.27K | 8.26M | -3.1M | 25.29M | 72.5M | 55.7M | -52.15M | 81.91M | -89.37M | 20.12M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 329.19M | 123.13M | -468.62M | -327.27M | -395.77M | -322.7M | -335.14M | -518.52M | -99.92M | 156.24M | -23.34M | 30.3M | -100.57M | -25.14M | -121.41M | -202.15K | 11.04M | 15.36M | 138.35M | 16.6M | 12.59M | 10.69M | 11.41M | 104.53M | 11.83M | 2.43M | 3.93M | 90.99M | 95.84M |
| Working Capital Changes | -207.14M | 132.78M | 444.31M | 561.28M | -128.07M | -97.77M | 1.24B | -12.45M | -889M | -98M | -174.95M | -64.03M | -80.59M | 98.61M | 130.67M | -222.21M | -177.93M | -57.93M | -301.92M | 32.15M | -3.96M | -38.07M | 104.74M | -14.22M | -21.41M | 91.74M | -206.87M | 311.73M | -141.63M |
| Change in Receivables | -162.51M | -66.34M | -73.48M | -151.84M | -46.68M | -163.2M | 71.69M | -64.11M | -170.49M | -86.25M | -305.92M | -302.99M | -227.14M | -37.84M | -52.33M | -195.04M | -225.78M | -29.31M | -173.81M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 79.89M | 79.89M | 79.89M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | -323.36M | -238.84M | 107.9M | -13.14M | -204.31M | -48.53M | -355.83M | -117.5M | -157.09M | -62.69M | -63.39M | -275.32M | -70.52M | -39.77M | -36.51M | -117.19M | 13.78M | -62.07M | -67.6M | -49.95M | -32.24M | -8.28M | 20.1M | -18.26M | -6.21M | -33.94M | -24.5M | -15.66M | -33.51M |
| Change in Payables | -77.16M | -14.18M | 155.59M | 108.48M | -356.79M | -363.95M | 1.37B | -164.77M | 368.39M | 518.74M | 170.56M | 526.99M | 193.46M | 153.18M | 178.18M | 0 | -1.24M | -1.24M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -456K | -456K | 24.09M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -761.85M | -666.18M | -84.94M | -544.23M | -734.73M | -1.2B | -1.33B | -3.29B | -245.04M | -991.54M | -1.31B | -915.29M | -2.21B | -873.03M | -1.72B | -1.81B | -845.91M | -487.18M | -640.33M | -532.89M | -3.21B | -356.72M | -269.16M | -292.7M | -267.99M | -525.7M | -513.04M | -252.89M | -239M |
| Capital Expenditures | -947.09M | -883.73M | -699.36M | -684.6M | -723.99M | -854.36M | -1.05B | -1.12B | -2.06B | -1.78B | -1.94B | -1.73B | -1.52B | -541.64M | -510.63M | -1.84B | -393.72M | -400.63M | -493.76M | -397.56M | -353.99M | -265.76M | -205.62M | -231.27M | -227.91M | -309.33M | -242.8M | -159.28M | -325.38M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 4.89% | 4.5% | 3.62% | 3.52% | 3.73% | 4.85% | 5.89% | 6.44% | 12.45% | 10.04% | 11.4% | 11.28% | 11.7% | 5.12% | 4.89% | 18.62% | 4.34% | 5.1% | 6.48% | 5.96% | 5.5% | 4.65% | 4.48% | 5.27% | 4.7% | 5.66% | 5.43% | 4.17% | 10.89% |
| Acquisitions | 40.16M | 223.34M | 606.68M | 137M | 1.03M | -381.73M | -244.38M | -2.18B | 757.71M | -150.31M | -348.96M | -59.59M | -1.46B | -345.76M | -1.22B | 7.72M | -464.3M | -94.92M | -156.52M | -176.87M | -3.26B | -105.67M | -77.08M | -73.2M | -76.08M | -243.56M | -292.3M | -100.7M | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 147.83M | 0 | 14.1M | 16.14M | 36.2M | 24.42M | 15.58M | 11.54M | 1.98B | 1.51B | 1.53B | 1.16B | 2.23B | 373.37M | 1.43B | 21.6M | 12.11M | 8.38M | 9.95M | 41.54M | 404.12M | 14.71M | 13.54M | 11.77M | 36.01M | 27.19M | 22.07M | 7.09M | 86.37M |
| Cash from Financing | -1.71B | -1.38B | -2.57B | -1.86B | -1.62B | -1.02B | -2.66B | -466.63M | -681.74M | -798.63M | -556.01M | -921.56M | 662.01M | -585.17M | 354.13M | 611.84M | -11.07M | -390.16M | -112.1M | -233.65M | 2.56B | -185.55M | -333.37M | -330.22M | -252.67M | 48.89M | 165.71M | -78.83M | 10.91M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 285.98M | 767.1M | -1.91B | -1.19B | -1.12B | -358.9M | -1.27B | 318.55M | 160.93M | -308.33M | -548.73M | -549.41M | 1.01B | -139M | 868.63M | 1.32B | -77.55M | -12.76M | 226.58M | 11.61M | 2.29B | 65.89M | -377.39M | -10.56M | 173.36M | -311.85M | -492.47M | -14.85M | -491.64M |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -917.86M | -562.19M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -365.99M | -599.8M | -37.22M | -57.94M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -366.72M | 0 | -504.41M | 0 | 0 | -487.31M | 26.94M | 273.31M | 67.5M | 2.67M | -5.8M | -357.98M | 7.18M | 593.02M | 0 | 457.11M |
| Dividends Paid | -424.7M | -405.84M | -349.16M | -328.62M | -395.56M | -392.45M | -351.17M | -354.64M | -324.84M | -293.97M | -263.55M | -240.78M | -261.43M | -214.45M | -205.47M | -216.81M | -174.42M | -209.39M | -181.31M | -129.22M | -116.47M | -116.08M | -90.08M | -85.57M | -73.13M | -73.93M | -54.55M | -48.1M | -41.95M |
| Share Repurchases | -917.86M | -562.19M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -365.99M | -599.8M | -37.22M | -57.94M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -365.72M | 0 | -504.59M | 0 | 0 | -487.31M | -5.25M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -7.07M | -358.51M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -52.61M |
| Other Financing | -651.17M | -1.17B | -314.99M | -340.11M | -103.8M | -273.02M | -680.88M | 169.25M | -480.61M | -138.39M | 273.26M | -121.27M | -89.56M | 135M | -309.03M | 13.51M | 251.74M | -377.18M | 329.93M | -142.98M | 118.86M | -202.85M | 118.09M | -237.12M | 5.09M | 427.49M | 119.7M | -15.87M | 87.4M |
| Net Change in Cash | 160M | 558.32M | -241.9M | 153.44M | -207.87M | 400.12M | 73.82M | -1.14B | 1.17B | 269.23M | 188.01M | -77.16M | -40.23M | -3.81M | 174.48M | -50.92M | 166.65M | 55.14M | -16.6M | 58.77M | 56.02M | 22.05M | 7.77M | -13M | 3.07M | -3.38M | 31.75M | 2.88M | -5.03M |
| Free Cash Flow | 1.77B | 1.7B | 1.69B | 1.94B | 1.44B | 1.64B | 3.18B | 1.44B | 2M | 407M | 93.18M | 65.86M | 7.4M | 931.92M | 1.03B | -722.94M | 634.98M | 533.94M | 236.36M | 425.19M | 333.87M | 300.18M | 405.07M | 367.44M | 296.14M | 167.49M | 173.8M | 189.51M | -96.86M |
| FCF Margin % | 9.15% | 8.64% | 8.72% | 9.99% | 7.44% | 9.28% | 17.81% | 8.25% | 0.01% | 2.29% | 0.55% | 0.43% | 0.06% | 8.81% | 9.88% | -7.32% | 7.01% | 6.8% | 3.1% | 6.38% | 5.18% | 5.25% | 8.82% | 8.37% | 6.11% | 3.07% | 3.89% | 4.97% | -3.24% |
| FCF Growth % | 3.53% | 0.54% | -13.24% | 34.7% | -11.73% | -48.6% | 120.58% | 72008% | -99.51% | 336.78% | 41.5% | 789.79% | -99.21% | -9.63% | 242.64% | -213.85% | 18.92% | 125.9% | -44.41% | 27.35% | 11.22% | -25.89% | 10.24% | 24.08% | 76.81% | -3.63% | -8.29% | 295.65% | - |
| FCF per Share | 3.22 | 2.91 | 2.87 | 3.31 | 1.23 | 1.40 | 3.59 | 1.63 | 0.00 | 0.66 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 1.53 | 1.68 | -1.18 | 1.05 | 0.89 | 0.40 | 0.72 | 0.56 | 0.51 | 0.63 | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.40 | -0.23 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 1.87x | 2.63x | 4.44x | 5.27x | 3.22x | 2.57x | 3.64x | 2.14x | 1.04x | 1.71x | 1.72x | 1.90x | 1.78x | 1.83x | 1.72x | 1.35x | 1.40x | 1.50x | 1.24x | 1.67x | 1.69x | 1.47x | 2.06x | 2.28x | 1.90x | 6.70x | 1.84x | -1.41x | 14.03x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Regulatory reimbursement and labor costs
As reported in recent financial statements, FMS consistently generates operating cash flow significantly higher than net income, with the OCF/NI ratio reaching 1.89 in 2026Q1, suggesting that non-cash charges and working capital fluctuations play a disproportionate role in the company's reported cash generation profile.
The persistent gap between net income and operating cash flow indicates that reported earnings may not fully capture the underlying cash-generating capacity of the clinical operations. Investors should monitor whether this divergence is driven by sustainable depreciation benefits or by aggressive accounting for non-cash items that may eventually require cash settlement.
Based on the provided quarterly data, FMS exhibits highly erratic free cash flow margins, which plummeted to 0.8% in 2026Q1 from 11.1% in 2025Q4, highlighting the company's difficulty in maintaining consistent cash conversion amidst ongoing operational challenges and significant capital expenditure requirements.
The sharp decline in FCF margin suggests that the company's ability to fund internal growth or shareholder returns is highly sensitive to quarterly operational fluctuations. This volatility warrants further investigation into whether the current FCF profile is sufficient to support the company's long-term capital allocation objectives.
According to recent SEC filings, FMS experienced a significant working capital outflow of $358.0 million in 2026Q1, a trend that frequently disrupts cash flow stability and underscores the administrative friction inherent in the company's complex global healthcare billing and reimbursement cycles.
The recurring, large-scale swings in working capital suggest that the company struggles to optimize its cash conversion cycle, likely due to delays in government and private payer collections. Such instability in working capital management may continue to obscure the true underlying cash flow performance of the core business.
As indicated by the company's financial disclosures, FMS utilized $347.3 million for share repurchases in 2026Q1 despite generating only $36.8 million in free cash flow, suggesting a reliance on balance sheet liquidity to fund shareholder returns during periods of operational contraction.
This aggressive deployment of capital during a period of weak cash generation may indicate a management priority on supporting the share price over organic reinvestment. Investors should monitor whether this strategy is sustainable if the current trend of margin compression and revenue contraction continues to persist.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying FMS stock.
Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA (FMS) generated $2.58B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA (FMS) generated $1.70B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA (FMS) spent $883.7M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA (FMS) returned $405.8M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $562.2M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.