Humana Inc. (HUM) Financial Ratios
30 years of historical data (1996–2025) · Healthcare · Medical - Healthcare Plans
EV/EBITDA
↑
22.85
↑+40% vs avg
5yr avg: 16.31
30Y Low0.5·High17.4
P/FCF
↑
115.47
↑+191% vs avg
5yr avg: 39.72
30Y Low4.6·High82.5
P/B Ratio
↓
2.46
↓-18% vs avg
5yr avg: 3.01
30Y Low1.1·High4.2
ROE
↓
7.0%
↑-49% vs avg
5yr avg: 13.5%
30Y Low-26%·High26%
Debt/EBITDA
↑
5.68
↑+48% vs avg
5yr avg: 3.83
30Y Low0.0·High5.7
Percentile shows where the current value sits in 30-year historical distribution. Sparklines show 5-year trend.
HUM Valuation Multiples
Price-based multiples — how expensive the stock is relative to earnings, sales, book value, and cash flow
Humana Inc. trades at 36.7x earnings, 55% above its 5-year average of 23.6x, sitting at the 96th percentile of its historical range. Compared to the Healthcare sector median P/E of 22.1x, the stock trades at a premium of 66%. On a free-cash-flow basis, the stock trades at 115.5x P/FCF, 191% above the 5-year average of 39.7x.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market Cap | $43.3B | $30.9B | $30.7B | $57.0B | $65.1B | $60.0B | $54.6B | $49.4B | $39.6B | $36.1B | $30.8B |
| Enterprise Value | $52.0B | $39.7B | $40.7B | $64.5B | $71.8B | $69.9B | $57.0B | $51.4B | $43.4B | $37.0B | $31.0B |
| P/E Ratio → | 36.65 | 26.03 | 25.42 | 22.89 | 23.20 | 20.46 | 16.21 | 18.23 | 23.56 | 14.76 | 50.13 |
| P/S Ratio | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.54 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.70 | 0.67 | 0.57 |
| P/B Ratio | 2.46 | 1.74 | 1.86 | 3.49 | 4.24 | 3.73 | 3.98 | 4.10 | 3.90 | 3.67 | 2.88 |
| P/FCF | 115.47 | 82.53 | 12.83 | 19.14 | 18.87 | 65.24 | 11.67 | 10.86 | 25.40 | 10.25 | 21.85 |
| P/OCF | 47.01 | 33.60 | 10.34 | 14.31 | 14.19 | 26.53 | 9.68 | 9.35 | 18.25 | 8.92 | 15.90 |
P/E links to full P/E history page with 30-year chart
HUM EV Ratios
Enterprise-value multiples — capital-structure-neutral measures of total business value
Humana Inc.'s enterprise value stands at 22.9x EBITDA, 40% above its 5-year average of 16.3x. The Healthcare sector median is 14.2x, placing the stock at a 61% premium on an enterprise-value basis.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EV / Revenue | — | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.61 | 0.77 | 0.84 | 0.74 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.69 | 0.57 |
| EV / EBITDA | 22.85 | 17.43 | 15.69 | 15.23 | 16.28 | 16.91 | 10.78 | 12.72 | 16.63 | 9.71 | 14.06 |
| EV / EBIT | 35.81 | 19.04 | 17.80 | 16.93 | 18.11 | 18.65 | 11.51 | 13.86 | 18.92 | 7.79 | 14.06 |
| EV / FCF | — | 105.82 | 17.02 | 21.68 | 20.81 | 75.93 | 12.20 | 11.31 | 27.79 | 10.49 | 22.01 |
HUM Profitability
Margins and return-on-capital ratios measuring operating efficiency
Humana Inc. earns an operating margin of 1.1%. Operating margins have compressed from 3.1% to 1.1% over the past 3 years, signaling potential cost pressures or competitive headwinds. ROE of 7.0% is modest. ROIC of 4.1% represents below-average returns on invested capital.
Margins
Full margin charts and quarterly trend are on the Earnings History page
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross Margin | 14.5% | 14.5% | 14.6% | 17.0% | 18.5% | 17.3% | 20.3% | 17.2% | 19.7% | 13.2% | 14.3% |
| Operating Margin | 1.1% | 1.1% | 1.4% | 3.1% | 3.8% | 4.1% | 6.1% | 5.3% | 3.6% | 6.2% | 3.2% |
| Net Profit Margin | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 2.3% | 3.0% | 3.5% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 3.0% | 4.6% | 1.1% |
Return on Capital
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE | 7.0% | 7.0% | 7.4% | 15.7% | 17.8% | 19.7% | 26.1% | 24.4% | 16.8% | 23.9% | 5.8% |
| ROA | 2.5% | 2.5% | 2.6% | 5.5% | 6.3% | 7.3% | 10.5% | 10.0% | 6.5% | 9.3% | 2.4% |
| ROIC | 4.1% | 4.1% | 4.8% | 10.8% | 11.1% | 12.2% | 23.1% | 18.6% | 12.6% | 23.1% | 11.5% |
| ROCE | 4.0% | 4.0% | 4.6% | 9.9% | 10.7% | 11.3% | 19.3% | 16.9% | 10.1% | 15.6% | 8.7% |
HUM Leverage & Debt
Solvency and debt-coverage ratios — lower is generally safer
Humana Inc. carries a Debt/EBITDA ratio of 5.7x, which is highly leveraged (77% above the sector average of 3.2x). Net debt stands at $8.7B ($12.9B total debt minus $4.2B cash). Interest coverage of 3.3x is adequate, though a cyclical earnings downturn could tighten the margin of safety.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt / Equity | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.82 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.38 |
| Debt / EBITDA | 5.68 | 5.68 | 4.72 | 2.90 | 2.67 | 3.20 | 1.35 | 1.51 | 2.33 | 1.29 | 1.85 |
| Net Debt / Equity | — | 0.49 | 0.61 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.61 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.37 | 0.09 | 0.02 |
| Net Debt / EBITDA | 3.84 | 3.84 | 3.87 | 1.79 | 1.52 | 2.38 | 0.47 | 0.51 | 1.43 | 0.23 | 0.10 |
| Debt / FCF | — | 23.30 | 4.20 | 2.54 | 1.94 | 10.69 | 0.53 | 0.45 | 2.39 | 0.25 | 0.15 |
| Interest Coverage | 3.30 | 3.30 | 3.47 | 7.73 | 9.89 | 11.49 | 17.52 | 15.34 | 10.51 | 19.62 | 11.67 |
HUM Liquidity & Efficiency
Short-term solvency ratios and asset-utilisation metrics
The current ratio of 0.72x is below 1.0, meaning current liabilities exceed current assets — though the company's $4.2B cash position helps mitigate short-term liquidity concerns. The current ratio has improved from 0.56x to 0.72x over the past 3 years.
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Ratio | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.44 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.65 | 0.75 | 0.51 | 1.12 | 0.86 |
| Quick Ratio | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.44 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.65 | 0.75 | 0.51 | 1.12 | 0.86 |
| Cash Ratio | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.20 | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.32 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.36 | 0.92 | 0.71 |
| Asset Turnover | — | 2.66 | 2.54 | 2.27 | 2.13 | 1.87 | 2.20 | 2.24 | 2.25 | 2.02 | 2.11 |
| Inventory Turnover | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Days Sales Outstanding | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
HUM Shareholder Yields
Earnings, FCF, buyback, and dividend yields — total returns to shareholders
Humana Inc. returns 1.3% to shareholders annually — split between a 1.0% dividend yield and 0.3% buyback yield. The payout ratio of 36.2% is conservative, leaving significant room for dividend growth or reinvestment. The earnings yield of 2.7% (inverse of P/E) provides a useful comparison to bond yields when assessing the stock's relative attractiveness to fixed income.
Dividends
Full dividend history and growth charts are on the Dividend History page
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dividend Yield | 1.0% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.6% |
| Payout Ratio | 36.2% | 36.2% | 35.7% | 17.3% | 14.0% | 12.1% | 9.6% | 10.7% | 15.7% | 9.0% | 28.8% |
Total Shareholder Return Metrics
| Metric | TTM | FY 2025 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | FY 2021 | FY 2020 | FY 2019 | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | FY 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earnings Yield | 2.7% | 3.8% | 3.9% | 4.4% | 4.3% | 4.9% | 6.2% | 5.5% | 4.2% | 6.8% | 2.0% |
| FCF Yield | 0.9% | 1.2% | 7.8% | 5.2% | 5.3% | 1.5% | 8.6% | 9.2% | 3.9% | 9.8% | 4.6% |
| Buyback Yield | 0.3% | 0.5% | 2.7% | 2.8% | 3.2% | 0.1% | 3.3% | 2.2% | 2.7% | 9.3% | 0.3% |
| Total Shareholder Yield | 1.3% | 1.9% | 4.1% | 3.5% | 3.8% | 0.7% | 3.9% | 2.8% | 3.4% | 9.9% | 0.9% |
| Shares Outstanding | — | $121M | $121M | $124M | $127M | $129M | $133M | $135M | $138M | $146M | $151M |
Peer Comparison
Compare HUM with 10 similar companies in its peer group
| Company | Market Cap | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/FCF | Gross Margin | Op Margin | ROE | ROIC | Debt/EBITDA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 HUMYou | $43B | 36.7 | 22.9 | 115.5 | 14.5% | 1.1% | 7.0% | 4.1% | 5.7 |
 UNH | $364B | 30.3 | 17.9 | 22.6 | 18.5% | 4.2% | 11.8% | 9.2% | 3.4 |
 CVS | $125B | 70.7 | 14.0 | 16.1 | 13.8% | 2.6% | 2.3% | 5.0% | 6.2 |
 ELV | $84B | 15.5 | 11.2 | 26.6 | 25.6% | 4.1% | 13.3% | 9.1% | 3.4 |
 CNC | $30B | -4.5 | — | 7.0 | 12.2% | -3.9% | -28.7% | -21.6% | — |
 MOH | $10B | 21.9 | 10.1 | — | 9.0% | 1.7% | 11.0% | 17.4% | 4.0 |
 ALHC | $4B | -5908.1 | 93.4 | 39.5 | 12.4% | 0.4% | -0.5% | — | 7.5 |
 OSCR | $7B | -16.8 | — | 7.0 | 14.4% | -3.4% | -44.4% | — | — |
 CLOV | $3B | -29.4 | — | — | 18.5% | -4.4% | -26.3% | -34.0% | — |
 BHVN | $1B | -2.0 | — | — | — | — | -310.8% | -242.1% | — |
 ACGL | $32B | 7.8 | 6.6 | 5.3 | 37.2% | 25.0% | 19.5% | 15.4% | 0.5 |
| Healthcare Median | — | 22.1 | 14.2 | 18.5 | 63.9% | -4.3% | -32.6% | -11.6% | 3.2 |
Peer selection based on competitive and market overlap. Compare multiple stocks →
Download Financial Ratios Data
Includes 30+ ratios · 30 years · Updated daily
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HUM — Frequently Asked Questions
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying HUM stock.
What is Humana Inc.'s P/E ratio?
Humana Inc.'s current P/E ratio is 36.7x. The historical average is 19.2x. This places it at the 96th percentile of its historical range.
What is Humana Inc.'s EV/EBITDA?
Humana Inc.'s current EV/EBITDA is 22.9x. This enterprise value multiple compares the company's total value (equity + debt - cash) to its EBITDA. The historical average is 9.6x.
What is Humana Inc.'s ROE?
Humana Inc.'s return on equity (ROE) is 7.0%. The historical average is 13.0%.
Is HUM stock overvalued?
Based on historical data, Humana Inc. is trading at a P/E of 36.7x. This is at the 96th percentile of its historical P/E range. Compare with industry peers and growth rates for a complete picture.
What is Humana Inc.'s dividend yield?
Humana Inc.'s current dividend yield is 0.99% with a payout ratio of 36.2%.
What are Humana Inc.'s profit margins?
Humana Inc. has 14.5% gross margin and 1.1% operating margin.
How much debt does Humana Inc. have?
Humana Inc.'s Debt/EBITDA ratio is 5.7x, indicating high leverage. A ratio above 4x may signal elevated financial risk.