Free cash flow remains highly volatile, swinging from a negative 10.5% margin in 2025Q1 to a robust 22.5% in 2023Q4, largely driven by seasonal working capital requirements and aggressive share repurchases.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 1.1B | 1.02B | 1.07B | 1.41B | 840M | 930M | 953M | 833M | 1.03B | 751M | 726M | 699M | 602M | 645M | 281M | 239M | 465M | 705M | 797M | 1.27B | 1.21B | 1.37B | 1.45B | 1.42B | 1.22B | 966.64M | 733.84M | 490.6M | 419.1M | 405M | 340.1M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 13.51% | 13.73% | 17.74% | 9.68% | 11.1% | 13.26% | 12.42% | 15.51% | 9.82% | 9.87% | 9.79% | 7.06% | 7.89% | 3.63% | 3.2% | 6.12% | 9.05% | 8.3% | 10.79% | 9.45% | 10.87% | 12.04% | 12.99% | 13% | 11.57% | 10.13% | 7.78% | 9.65% | 10.77% | 10.51% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 50.44% | -4.93% | -23.92% | 68.21% | -9.68% | -2.41% | 14.41% | -19.28% | 37.42% | 3.44% | 3.86% | 16.11% | -6.67% | 129.54% | 17.57% | -48.6% | -34.04% | -11.54% | -37.24% | 5.13% | -12.08% | -5.5% | 2.32% | 16.01% | 26.71% | 31.72% | 49.58% | 17.06% | 3.48% | 19.08% | 5.46% |
| Net Income | 837M | 810M | 822M | 960M | 842M | 478M | 804M | 980M | 981M | 901M | 814M | 704M | 695M | 607M | -76M | -533M | -1B | -145M | -391M | 386M | 488M | 940M | 893M | 806M | 589.7M | 198.5M | 591.7M | 569.6M | 476M | 382.4M | 295.2M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 113M | 148M | 150M | 149M | 145M | 151M | 135M | 159M | 156M | 127M | 134M | 133M | 167M | 186M | 214M | 263M | 279M | 254M | 238M | 248M | 244M | 241M | 237M | 244M | 220.3M | 269.49M | 238.33M | 181.8M | 136.3M | 116.1M | 99.7M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 61M | 0 | 35M | 27M | 38M | 29M | 41M | 47M | 54M | 61M | 61M | 62M | 69M | 74M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 64M | 64M | 28M | -3M | -15M | -53M | -3M | -18M | 46M | 43M | 130M | 212M | -406M | 42M | 50M | -112M | 168M | -83M | 20M | -41M | -42M | 75M | 91M | 179M | 63.5M | -94.89M | 15.26M | 5.2M | 45.9M | 34.9M | 28.9M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 328M | 80M | 199M | 35M | 134M | 517M | -105M | -317M | -229M | -208M | -293M | -386M | 192M | -282M | -4M | 562M | 843M | 375M | 695M | 343M | 535M | 109M | 243M | 156M | 72.83M | 586.64M | 144.6M | -65.3M | -4.3M | -7.2M | -32.6M |
| Working Capital Changes | -29M | -80M | -124M | 268M | -266M | -224M | 122M | -6M | 51M | -150M | -88M | -5M | -93M | 38M | 36M | -2M | 115M | 235M | 161M | 283M | -57M | 9M | -10M | 36M | -12.52M | 37.37M | -166.1M | -200.7M | -109.9M | -35.4M | 29M |
| Change in Receivables | -64M | 19M | -39M | 42M | -15M | -64M | -141M | -37M | -46M | -140M | -132M | -104M | -81M | -85M | -50M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | -8M | -81M | 4M | 233M | -43M | -350M | -89M | 58M | -11M | -76M | -39M | 17M | -75M | -24M | -16M | -54M | 2M | 198M | 104M | 157M | -126M | -57M | -138M | 39M | 10.51M | 47.58M | -89.81M | -68.3M | -39.3M | -38.8M | -1.9M |
| Change in Payables | 47M | -14M | -95M | -34M | -225M | 190M | 332M | 0 | 108M | 67M | 79M | 82M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -147M | -144M | -65M | -383M | -230M | -12M | 531M | 582M | -651M | -25M | -124M | -189M | -100M | -77M | -27M | -61M | -109M | -118M | -13M | -347M | -226M | 186M | 161M | -128M | -1.3B | -666.57M | -1.18B | -1.13B | -410.9M | -313.6M | 564.8M |
| Capital Expenditures | -158M | -156M | -168M | -243M | -224M | -128M | -114M | -162M | -219M | -173M | -180M | -158M | -128M | -126M | -119M | -151M | -137M | -125M | -200M | -248M | -388M | -282M | -310M | -271M | -284.67M | -274.43M | -388.03M | -1.15B | -511.9M | -354.3M | -311.6M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 2.06% | 2.06% | 2.15% | 3.05% | 2.58% | 1.53% | 1.59% | 2.42% | 3.29% | 2.26% | 2.45% | 2.21% | 1.5% | 1.54% | 1.54% | 2.02% | 1.8% | 1.6% | 2.08% | 2.11% | 3.04% | 2.23% | 2.57% | 2.48% | 3.02% | 3.28% | 5.36% | 18.17% | 11.78% | 9.42% | 9.63% |
| Acquisitions | 14M | 14M | 107M | -136M | 1M | -52M | 643M | 722M | -549M | 39M | 180M | -41M | -2M | 10M | 9M | -10M | 0 | 0 | 158M | -158M | 132M | -25M | -16M | -239M | -735.99M | -589.06M | -588.78M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | -3M | -2M | -4M | -6M | -8M | -3M | -1M | 21M | -215M | 96M | -196M | -25M | -13M | 22M | -76M | -145M | -14M | -4M | -229M | -49M | -2M | 300M | 157M | 252M | 310K | 199.06M | -198.3M | 13.9M | 101M | 40.7M | 876.4M |
| Cash from Financing | -953M | -888M | -1B | -854M | -1.07B | -1.3B | -886M | -1.29B | -1.02B | -577M | -1.05B | -410M | -297M | -382M | -576M | -219M | -40M | -197M | -632M | -2.01B | -1.01B | -885M | -1.15B | -1.62B | 767.37M | -157.51M | 379.92M | 319.1M | 92.3M | -123.8M | -491.7M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | -6M | -2M | -3M | -205M | 190M | 152M | 13M | -209M | -115M | 55M | -452M | 197M | -2M | -202M | -396M | -64M | 124M | -11M | -33M | -881M | 151M | 407M | -13M | -541M | 634M | 201.63M | 702.01M | 579M | 315.7M | 262.3M | -368.1M |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -621M | -565M | -672M | -353M | -913M | -1.03B | -727M | -896M | -640M | -331M | -499M | -492M | -157M | -35M | -8M | -30M | -45M | -11M | -160M | -797M | -826M | -953M | -885M | -790M | 400M | -115.33M | -103.41M | -106.4M | -90.1M | -29.1M | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | -260M | -261M | -254M | -257M | -258M | -211M | -145M | -144M | -134M | -129M | -128M | -126M | -117M | -107M | -107M | -125M | -123M | -182M | -336M | -347M | -349M | -339M | -302M | -286M | -267.88M | -243.81M | -218.68M | -165M | -145.3M | -131.7M | -123.5M |
| Share Repurchases | -643M | -571M | -751M | -353M | -914M | -1.03B | -727M | -896M | -654M | -331M | -459M | -456M | -158M | -35M | -8M | -30M | -45M | -11M | -160M | -857M | -854M | -986M | -943M | -827M | -198M | -115.33M | -259.45M | -106.4M | -90.1M | -29.1M | 0 |
| Other Financing | -66M | -60M | -73M | -39M | -85M | -213M | -27M | -42M | -131M | -172M | -30M | 11M | -21M | -38M | -65M | -18M | -11M | 7M | -102M | 19M | 18M | 0 | 55M | 0 | 1.37M | 0 | 0 | 11.5M | -44.4M | -225.3M | -100K |
| Net Change in Cash | 11M | 13M | 0 | 182M | -474M | -400M | 629M | 138M | -635M | 204M | -478M | 85M | 160M | 183M | -305M | -59M | 302M | 385M | 106M | -1.04B | -6M | 670M | 499M | -272M | 754.58M | 142.56M | -61.35M | -322.4M | 92.3M | -123.8M | -491.7M |
| Free Cash Flow | 943M | 866M | 907M | 1.17B | 616M | 802M | 839M | 671M | 813M | 578M | 546M | 541M | 474M | 519M | 162M | 88M | 328M | 580M | 597M | 1.02B | 820M | 1.09B | 1.14B | 1.15B | 940.18M | 692.21M | 345.81M | -655.3M | -92.8M | 50.7M | 28.5M |
| FCF Margin % | 12.28% | 11.45% | 11.59% | 14.69% | 7.1% | 9.58% | 11.67% | 10% | 12.22% | 7.56% | 7.42% | 7.57% | 5.56% | 6.35% | 2.09% | 1.18% | 4.32% | 7.44% | 6.22% | 8.68% | 6.42% | 8.64% | 9.47% | 10.52% | 9.98% | 8.28% | 4.77% | -10.39% | -2.14% | 1.35% | 0.88% |
| FCF Growth % | 11.86% | -4.52% | -22.48% | 89.94% | -23.19% | -4.41% | 25.04% | -17.47% | 40.66% | 5.86% | 0.92% | 14.13% | -8.67% | 220.37% | 84.09% | -73.17% | -43.45% | -2.85% | -41.59% | 24.63% | -24.91% | -4.55% | -0.52% | 22.32% | 35.82% | 100.17% | 152.77% | -606.14% | -283.04% | 77.89% | -81.89% |
| FCF per Share | 4.65 | 4.12 | 4.14 | 5.18 | 2.66 | 3.20 | 3.18 | 2.33 | 2.65 | 1.82 | 1.65 | 1.59 | 1.35 | 1.47 | 0.46 | 0.25 | 0.94 | 1.65 | 1.69 | 2.74 | 2.05 | 2.54 | 2.51 | 2.35 | 1.61 | 1.22 | 0.77 | -1.47 | -0.21 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 1.13x | 1.26x | 1.31x | 1.56x | 1.00x | 2.29x | 1.55x | 1.32x | 1.42x | 1.42x | 1.49x | 1.99x | 0.71x | 2.22x | -2.55x | -0.41x | -0.44x | -3.79x | -2.00x | 3.29x | 2.46x | 1.59x | 1.53x | 1.76x | 2.08x | 4.87x | 1.24x | 0.86x | 0.88x | 1.06x | 1.15x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Retail channel concentration risk
As reported in recent financial statements, MAS exhibits extreme quarterly volatility in cash conversion, with OCF/NI ratios swinging from -0.37 in 2026Q1 to 2.53 in 2025Q4, primarily driven by the significant seasonal working capital requirements inherent in the home improvement retail supply chain.
The recurring negative operating cash flow in the first quarter of each year suggests that the company must aggressively fund inventory build-ups ahead of the peak spring renovation season. Investors should monitor whether this pattern of cash absorption in Q1 is becoming more pronounced, as it may indicate a weakening ability to manage inventory levels efficiently against shifting consumer demand.
Based on the provided cash flow data, free cash flow margins have demonstrated significant instability, ranging from a negative 10.5% in 2025Q1 to a robust 22.5% in 2023Q4, highlighting the company's vulnerability to the cyclical nature of the repair and remodel market.
The wide variance in FCF generation suggests that MAS lacks a consistent cash buffer, making the company highly dependent on seasonal volume peaks to fund its ongoing capital requirements. This trajectory warrants caution, as the inability to maintain positive FCF during off-peak quarters may limit the company's flexibility to navigate prolonged periods of housing market stagnation.
According to the quarterly cash flow figures, working capital changes are the primary determinant of short-term liquidity, with a massive $419 million cash outflow in 2025Q1 contrasting sharply with the $294 million inflow observed in 2023Q4, reflecting the company's heavy reliance on seasonal inventory management.
The magnitude of these working capital swings suggests that MAS is highly susceptible to channel loading risks, where inventory levels may not align perfectly with actual retail sell-through. Analysts should investigate whether these large outflows are becoming less efficient over time, potentially signaling an accumulation of slow-moving stock that could necessitate future margin-diluting promotional activity.
As indicated by the financial data, MAS has maintained a consistent pace of share repurchases, totaling over $200 million in several quarters, even during periods where free cash flow turned negative, such as the $113 million FCF deficit recorded in 2026Q1.
This commitment to returning capital to shareholders, despite the underlying volatility in cash generation, suggests a management strategy that prioritizes stock price support over balance sheet liquidity. Investors should monitor whether this aggressive deployment of cash, particularly when funded by debt or existing reserves, remains sustainable if the current housing market headwinds persist.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying MAS stock.
Masco Corporation (MAS) generated $1.02B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Masco Corporation (MAS) generated $866.0M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Masco Corporation (MAS) spent $156.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Masco Corporation (MAS) returned $261.0M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $571.0M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.