Revenue surged 52.8% YoY to $12.0B in 2026Q2, but gross margin fell to 14.2% from 26.7% in the prior quarter, reflecting a mix shift toward lower-margin refined products.
ONEOK, Inc. (OKE) annual income statement — 30-year revenue, gross profit & net income history
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Aug'98 | Aug'97 | Aug'96 |
|---|
| Sales/Revenue | 39.37B | 33.63B | 21.64B | 17.68B | 22.87B | 17.27B | 8.46B | 10.11B | 12.62B | 12.24B | 8.89B | 7.68B | 12.22B | 14.58B | 12.48B | 14.76B | 12.86B | 11.3B | 16.15B | 13.48B | 11.9B | 12.68B | 5.99B | 3B | 2.1B | 6.8B | 6.64B | 808.87M | 1.84B | 1.16B | 1.22B |
| Revenue Growth % | 40.83% | 55.42% | 22.41% | -22.71% | 32.41% | 104.24% | -16.39% | -19.88% | 3.1% | 37.64% | 15.79% | -37.11% | -16.23% | 16.82% | -15.43% | 14.77% | 13.84% | -30.06% | 19.87% | 13.29% | -6.15% | 111.69% | 99.67% | 42.52% | -69.07% | 2.41% | 721.25% | -55.93% | 57.97% | -5.1% | 28.89% |
| Cost of Goods Sold | 30.77B | 26.41B | 16.59B | 11.93B | 19.75B | 14.25B | 6.43B | 8.13B | 10.65B | 10.64B | 7.56B | 6.6B | 10.98B | 13.1B | 11.35B | 13.69B | 11.98B | 10.52B | 15.16B | 12.57B | 11.06B | 11.52B | 4.93B | 1.86B | 1.13B | 5.89B | 5.85B | 523.53M | 1.22B | 726M | 807.7M |
| COGS % of Revenue | - | 78.54% | 76.66% | 67.48% | 86.36% | 82.52% | 76.04% | 80.37% | 84.41% | 86.89% | 84.95% | 85.93% | 89.9% | 89.85% | 90.9% | 92.72% | 93.18% | 93.13% | 93.86% | 93.23% | 93% | 90.89% | 82.37% | 62.1% | 53.63% | 86.64% | 88% | 64.72% | 66.47% | 62.48% | 65.97% |
| Gross Profit | 8.59B | 7.22B | 5.05B | 5.75B | 3.12B | 3.02B | 2.03B | 1.99B | 1.97B | 1.6B | 1.34B | 1.08B | 1.23B | 1.48B | 1.14B | 1.07B | 877.37M | 775.8M | 991.94M | 911.87M | 832.76M | 1.15B | 1.06B | 1.14B | 975.66M | 908.78M | 797.13M | 285.34M | 615.39M | 435.9M | 416.6M |
| Gross Margin % | 21.83% | 21.46% | 23.34% | 32.52% | 13.64% | 17.48% | 23.96% | 19.63% | 15.59% | 13.11% | 15.05% | 14.07% | 10.1% | 10.15% | 9.1% | 7.28% | 6.82% | 6.87% | 6.14% | 6.77% | 7% | 9.11% | 17.63% | 37.9% | 46.37% | 13.36% | 12% | 35.28% | 33.53% | 37.52% | 34.03% |
| Gross Profit Growth % | - | 42.93% | -12.14% | 84.27% | 3.3% | 49.05% | 2.03% | 0.87% | 22.68% | 19.85% | 23.88% | -12.41% | -16.63% | 30.22% | 5.8% | 22.43% | 13.09% | -21.79% | 8.78% | 9.5% | -27.88% | 9.4% | -7.12% | 16.48% | 7.36% | 14.01% | 179.36% | -53.63% | 41.18% | 4.63% | 9.03% |
| Operating Expenses | 1.32B | 251M | 29M | 1.68B | 85.23M | 166.67M | 125.03M | 119.16M | 103.92M | 98.4M | 88.85M | 87.58M | 75.74M | 118.33M | 102.89M | 94.66M | 91.22M | 101M | 82.31M | 85.94M | 78.09M | 620M | 565.51M | 690.41M | 604.18M | 613.55M | 463.2M | 199.38M | 412.44M | 307.7M | 296.2M |
| OpEx % of Revenue | - | 0.75% | 0.13% | 9.48% | 0.37% | 0.97% | 1.48% | 1.18% | 0.82% | 0.8% | 1% | 1.14% | 0.62% | 0.81% | 0.82% | 0.64% | 0.71% | 0.89% | 0.51% | 0.64% | 0.66% | 4.89% | 9.44% | 23.02% | 28.71% | 9.02% | 6.97% | 24.65% | 22.47% | 26.48% | 24.19% |
| Selling, General & Admin | 634M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 552.53M | 498.78M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| SG&A % of Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4.36% | 8.33% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Research & Development | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| R&D % of Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Operating Expenses | 2M | 251M | 29M | 1.68B | 85.23M | 166.67M | 125.03M | 119.16M | 103.92M | 98.4M | 88.85M | 87.58M | 75.74M | 118.33M | 102.89M | 94.66M | 91.22M | 101M | 82.31M | 85.94M | 78.09M | 67.46M | 66.73M | 690.41M | 604.18M | 613.55M | 463.2M | 199.38M | 412.44M | 307.7M | 296.2M |
| Operating Income | 7.27B | 6.97B | 5.02B | 4.07B | 3.03B | 2.85B | 1.9B | 1.87B | 1.86B | 1.51B | 1.25B | 993.11M | 1.16B | 1.36B | 1.03B | 979.52M | 786.16M | 674.8M | 909.63M | 825.93M | 754.67M | 534.76M | 490.01M | 446.06M | 371.48M | 295.23M | 333.93M | 85.96M | 202.95M | 128.2M | 120.4M |
| Operating Margin % | 18.48% | 20.72% | 23.2% | 23.04% | 13.27% | 16.52% | 22.48% | 18.46% | 14.77% | 12.3% | 14.05% | 12.93% | 9.48% | 9.34% | 8.28% | 6.64% | 6.11% | 5.97% | 5.63% | 6.13% | 6.34% | 4.22% | 8.18% | 14.87% | 17.65% | 4.34% | 5.03% | 10.63% | 11.06% | 11.03% | 9.83% |
| Operating Income Growth % | - | 38.76% | 23.31% | 34.21% | 6.35% | 50.08% | 1.84% | 0.11% | 23.8% | 20.5% | 25.86% | -14.24% | -14.95% | 31.74% | 5.52% | 24.6% | 16.5% | -25.82% | 10.13% | 9.44% | 41.12% | 9.13% | 9.85% | 20.08% | 25.83% | -11.59% | 288.46% | -57.64% | 58.31% | 6.48% | 14.67% |
| EBITDA | 8.8B | 8.48B | 6.16B | 4.84B | 3.66B | 3.47B | 2.48B | 2.34B | 2.29B | 1.91B | 1.64B | 1.35B | 1.46B | 1.75B | 1.37B | 1.29B | 1.09B | 963.79M | 1.15B | 1.05B | 990.22M | 718.16M | 678.74M | 606.92M | 521.44M | 453.65M | 477.92M | 129.19M | 304.6M | 202.1M | 193M |
| EBITDA Margin % | 22.36% | 25.22% | 28.45% | 27.39% | 16% | 20.12% | 29.32% | 23.17% | 18.17% | 15.62% | 18.45% | 17.54% | 11.98% | 11.97% | 10.97% | 8.75% | 8.5% | 8.53% | 7.14% | 7.82% | 8.32% | 5.67% | 11.33% | 20.24% | 24.78% | 6.67% | 7.19% | 15.97% | 16.6% | 17.39% | 15.76% |
| EBITDA Growth % | 29.72% | 37.79% | 27.14% | 32.26% | 5.34% | 40.13% | 5.83% | 2.18% | 19.9% | 16.51% | 21.8% | -7.95% | -16.15% | 27.5% | 6.01% | 18.14% | 13.46% | -16.45% | 9.46% | 6.43% | 37.88% | 5.81% | 11.83% | 16.39% | 14.94% | -5.08% | 269.93% | -57.59% | 50.72% | 4.71% | 24.52% |
| D&A (Non-Cash Add-back) | 1.53B | 1.51B | 1.13B | 769M | 626.13M | 621.7M | 578.66M | 476.54M | 428.56M | 406.33M | 391.58M | 354.62M | 306.04M | 384.38M | 335.85M | 312.29M | 307.32M | 288.99M | 243.93M | 227.96M | 235.54M | 183.39M | 188.72M | 160.86M | 149.96M | 158.42M | 143.98M | 43.23M | 101.65M | 73.9M | 72.6M |
| EBIT | 6.38B | 6.27B | 5.46B | 4.34B | 2.89B | 2.68B | 1.42B | 2.12B | 1.97B | 1.51B | 1.41B | 921.1M | 1.15B | 1.06B | 1.24B | 1.28B | 1.05B | 1B | 1.06B | 939.04M | 962.17M | 788.04M | 495.61M | 427.86M | 371.48M | 255.61M | 324.5M | 83.57M | 188.81M | 128.12M | 120.1M |
| Net Interest Income | -1.78B | -1.78B | -1.35B | -845M | -641.73M | -692.97M | -619.21M | -468.54M | -451.33M | -464.63M | -450.44M | -399.22M | -334.2M | -319.65M | -295.15M | -296.53M | -292.27M | -302.06M | -264.17M | -256.32M | -239.72M | -144.92M | -102.19M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Interest Income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Interest Expense | 1.78B | 1.78B | 1.35B | 845M | 641.73M | 692.97M | 619.21M | 468.54M | 451.33M | 464.63M | 450.44M | 399.22M | 334.2M | 319.65M | 295.15M | 296.53M | 292.27M | 302.06M | 264.17M | 256.32M | 239.72M | 147.61M | 103.47M | 200.11M | 108.98M | 140.56M | 79.56M | 27.88M | 35.08M | 34.1M | 34.6M |
| Other Income/Expense | -2.5B | -2.48B | -911M | -575M | -784.51M | -868.84M | -1.1B | -215.59M | -346.66M | -465.37M | -291.98M | -471.24M | -338.15M | -621.25M | -89.1M | 4.04M | -30.99M | 23.72M | -115.09M | -143.22M | -32.23M | 110.9M | -97.86M | -83.04M | -113.02M | -99.66M | -100.16M | -25.49M | -20.43M | -34.01M | -34.3M |
| Pretax Income | 4.78B | 4.49B | 4.11B | 3.5B | 2.25B | 1.98B | 802.32M | 1.65B | 1.52B | 1.04B | 957.96M | 521.88M | 819.87M | 740.34M | 944.45M | 983.56M | 755.16M | 698.52M | 794.54M | 682.72M | 722.44M | 645.67M | 392.14M | 344.82M | 258.46M | 155.95M | 233.78M | 58.08M | 168.38M | 94.1M | 85.8M |
| Pretax Margin % | 12.13% | 13.35% | 18.99% | 19.78% | 9.84% | 11.49% | 9.49% | 16.32% | 12.03% | 8.5% | 10.77% | 6.79% | 6.71% | 5.08% | 7.57% | 6.66% | 5.87% | 6.18% | 4.92% | 5.07% | 6.07% | 5.09% | 6.55% | 11.5% | 12.28% | 2.29% | 3.52% | 7.18% | 9.17% | 8.1% | 7.01% |
| Income Tax | 1.11B | 1.03B | 998M | 838M | 527.42M | 484.5M | 189.51M | 372.41M | 362.9M | 447.28M | 212.41M | 136.6M | 151.16M | 163.38M | 215.19M | 226.05M | 213.83M | 207.32M | 194.07M | 184.6M | 193.76M | 242.52M | 149.97M | 130.53M | 102.48M | 52.23M | 90.29M | 22.74M | 66.58M | 34.8M | 33M |
| Effective Tax Rate % | 23.35% | 22.9% | 24.28% | 23.96% | 23.44% | 24.42% | 23.62% | 22.56% | 23.91% | 42.97% | 22.17% | 26.17% | 18.44% | 22.07% | 22.79% | 22.98% | 28.32% | 29.68% | 24.43% | 27.04% | 26.82% | 37.56% | 38.24% | 37.85% | 39.65% | 33.49% | 38.62% | 39.15% | 39.54% | 36.98% | 38.46% |
| Net Income | 3.66B | 3.4B | 3.04B | 2.66B | 1.72B | 1.5B | 612.81M | 1.28B | 1.15B | 387.84M | 352.04M | 244.98M | 314.11M | 266.53M | 360.62M | 360.59M | 334.63M | 305.45M | 311.91M | 304.92M | 306.31M | 546.54M | 242.18M | 112.49M | 166.62M | 101.56M | 145.61M | 35.34M | 101.8M | 59.3M | 52.8M |
| Net Margin % | 9.29% | 10.1% | 14.03% | 15.04% | 7.53% | 8.68% | 7.25% | 12.64% | 9.12% | 3.17% | 3.96% | 3.19% | 2.57% | 1.83% | 2.89% | 2.44% | 2.6% | 2.7% | 1.93% | 2.26% | 2.57% | 4.31% | 4.04% | 3.75% | 7.92% | 1.49% | 2.19% | 4.37% | 5.55% | 5.1% | 4.31% |
| Net Income Growth % | 18.27% | 11.86% | 14.14% | 54.41% | 14.8% | 144.77% | -52.07% | 11.02% | 196.95% | 10.17% | 43.7% | -22.01% | 17.85% | -26.09% | 0.01% | 7.76% | 9.55% | -2.07% | 2.29% | -0.45% | -43.95% | 125.68% | 115.29% | -32.49% | 64.06% | -30.25% | 311.97% | -65.28% | 71.66% | 12.31% | 23.36% |
| Net Income (Continuing) | 3.66B | 3.46B | 3.11B | 2.66B | 1.72B | 1.5B | 612.81M | 1.28B | 1.16B | 593.52M | 745.55M | 385.28M | 668.72M | 589.09M | 729.25M | 757.51M | 541.33M | 491.2M | 600.47M | 304.92M | 306.68M | 403.15M | 242.18M | 206.45M | 155.98M | 78.84M | 137.67M | 35.34M | 101.8M | 59.27M | 52.8M |
| Discontinued Operations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -51.5M | 2.23M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -365K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Minority Interest | 144M | 84M | 5.1B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 157.49M | 3.24B | 3.43B | 3.41B | 2.51B | 2.1B | 1.56B | 1.47B | 1.24B | 1.08B | 801.96M | 800.64M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EPS (Diluted) | 5.79 | 5.42 | 5.17 | 5.48 | 3.84 | 3.35 | 1.42 | 3.08 | 2.78 | 1.29 | 1.66 | 1.16 | 1.49 | 1.27 | 1.71 | 1.68 | 1.55 | 1.44 | 1.48 | 1.40 | 1.34 | 2.53 | 1.15 | 0.61 | 0.70 | 0.43 | 0.62 | 0.18 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.48 |
| EPS Growth % | 13.06% | 4.84% | -5.66% | 42.71% | 14.63% | 135.92% | -53.9% | 10.79% | 115.5% | -22.29% | 43.1% | -22.15% | 17.32% | -25.73% | 1.79% | 8.39% | 7.64% | -2.7% | 5.71% | 4.48% | -47.04% | 120% | 88.52% | -12.86% | 62.79% | -30.65% | 244.44% | -67.86% | 5.66% | 10.42% | 20% |
| EPS (Basic) | - | 5.43 | 5.19 | 5.49 | 3.85 | 3.36 | 1.42 | 3.09 | 2.80 | 1.30 | 1.67 | 1.17 | 1.50 | 1.29 | 1.75 | 1.72 | 1.57 | 1.45 | 1.50 | 1.42 | 1.37 | 2.72 | 1.19 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.43 | 0.62 | 0.19 | 0.61 | 0.53 | 0.48 |
| Diluted Shares Outstanding | 632M | 631.2M | 586.5M | 485.4M | 448.45M | 447.4M | 431.78M | 415.44M | 414.19M | 299.78M | 212.38M | 210.54M | 210.43M | 209.69M | 210.71M | 214.5M | 215.57M | 212.64M | 211.52M | 218.6M | 228.95M | 216.03M | 210.92M | 194M | 201.06M | 199.34M | 196.65M | 201.54M | 121.8M | 110.58M | 108.6M |
| Basic Shares Outstanding | 630.9M | 630M | 586.5M | 484.3M | 447.51M | 446.4M | 431.11M | 413.56M | 411.49M | 297.48M | 211.13M | 210.21M | 209.39M | 206.04M | 206.14M | 209.34M | 212.74M | 210.72M | 208.74M | 214.69M | 224.01M | 200.94M | 203.93M | 161.14M | 199.83M | 198.9M | 116.86M | 121.7M | 121.8M | 110.58M | 108.6M |
| Dividend Payout Ratio | - | 76.08% | 76.21% | 69.16% | 97.07% | 111.16% | 261.97% | 114% | 115.92% | 213.85% | 147.03% | 207.85% | 141.29% | 114.34% | 72.64% | 62.96% | 57.84% | 56.56% | 52.19% | 49.25% | 44.22% | 20.16% | 36.84% | 63.09% | 44.59% | 72.7% | 48.4% | 79.39% | 53.84% | 47.22% | 52.84% |
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying OKE stock.
For fiscal year 2025, ONEOK, Inc. (OKE) reported total revenue of $33.63B. This represents a 2646.8% increase compared to $1.22B in 1996.
ONEOK, Inc. (OKE) is profitable, generating $3.40B in net income for the fiscal year ending 2025 with a net profit margin of 10.1%.
ONEOK, Inc. (OKE) reported an operating income of $6.97B, resulting in an operating profit margin of 20.7%. This margin reflects the operational efficiency of the business before interest and taxes.
ONEOK, Inc. (OKE) generated $7.22B in gross profit for the year, representing a gross profit margin of 21.5%. This demonstrates the company's core pricing power and production efficiency.
Key Metrics
Top Statement Risk
Elevated leverage from M&A
Metrics are mathematically derived from official filings.
Revenue Surge Driven by Magellan Integration
Revenue jumped 52.8% YoY in 2026Q2 to $12.0B, per the latest quarterly report, reflecting the full impact of the Magellan acquisition. Organic growth appears modest, with the surge likely inorganic and potentially unsustainable.
The 52.8% YoY revenue growth in 2026Q2, following a 61.2% increase in 2025Q2, indicates a step-change in scale from the Magellan acquisition rather than organic momentum. Excluding the acquisition, underlying volume growth in NGL and natural gas segments appears more moderate, as evidenced by the deceleration in sequential revenue growth from 2026Q1 to 2026Q2 (9.6B to 12.0B, a 25% QoQ jump). This suggests the market should focus on integration execution and volume retention rather than top-line growth rates, which are likely to normalize as acquisition effects annualize.
Gross Margin Compression Reflects Mix Shift
Gross margin fell to 14.2% in 2026Q2 from 26.7% in 2026Q1, as reported in the income statement, likely due to lower-margin refined product sales from Magellan. This marks a structural shift from the historical 20-30% range.
The dramatic drop in gross margin from 26.7% in 2026Q1 to 14.2% in 2026Q2, despite a 25% revenue increase, suggests a significant change in revenue mix toward lower-margin marketing or refined product activities. This is consistent with the Magellan integration, which brings higher-volume, lower-margin refined products. While operating margin remained relatively stable at 13.2% in 2026Q2, the gross margin compression indicates that the company is now generating more revenue per dollar of gross profit, which may pressure overall profitability if not offset by operating efficiencies. Investors should monitor whether this margin level becomes the new norm or if it recovers as integration synergies materialize.
Operating Leverage Masked by Acquisition Costs
Operating income grew 6.7% QoQ in 2026Q2 to $1.6B, while revenue grew 25%, per the latest financials, indicating negative operating leverage in the short term. This likely reflects integration costs and lower-margin revenue streams.
In 2026Q2, operating income increased only 6.7% sequentially despite a 25% revenue jump, implying that the incremental revenue is not flowing through to operating income at historical rates. This is likely due to the lower-margin nature of Magellan's refined products business and one-time integration expenses. However, the 2025Q4 data showed operating margin of 29.7% on revenue of $9.1B, suggesting that when the revenue mix is more favorable, operating leverage is strong. The key question is whether the company can achieve similar operating margins on the larger revenue base as integration costs subside and synergies are realized.
Earnings Quality Supported by Fee-Based Stability
Net income rose to $966M in 2026Q2, with EPS of $1.53 beating estimates, as per the earnings release. The absence of stock-based compensation and consistent net margins around 8% suggest earnings quality is solid, though acquisition accounting may distort comparability.
The reported net margin of 8.0% in 2026Q2 is lower than the 10-13% range seen in 2024, but this is partly due to the revenue mix shift. The lack of stock-based compensation in the data suggests that reported EPS is not being diluted by SBC, which is positive for earnings quality. However, the significant revenue growth from the Magellan acquisition may include purchase price accounting adjustments that could affect depreciation and amortization, potentially understating true cash earnings. Investors should adjust for these non-cash items to assess the underlying profitability of the combined entity.
COGS Surge Reflects Marketing and Product Costs
COGS increased to $10.3B in 2026Q2, up 45% from $7.1B in 2026Q1, as per the income statement, indicating that the cost structure is heavily influenced by product purchases for resale. This suggests a high variable cost component tied to commodity prices.
The sharp increase in COGS, which outpaced revenue growth in 2026Q2, indicates that a significant portion of the company's costs are directly tied to the purchase of NGLs and refined products for resale. This is typical of midstream companies with marketing operations, but it means that gross profit is more sensitive to commodity price spreads. The SG&A line was $634M in 2026Q1, but zero in other quarters, which may indicate that SG&A is not consistently reported or is included in other lines. This inconsistency warrants caution when analyzing cost trends, as the true overhead efficiency is unclear.
Leverage and Integration Risks Could Undermine Growth
Debt-to-equity of 1.45, as noted in recent filings, highlights elevated leverage from the Magellan acquisition, which could strain cash flows if integration fails. The 55% revenue growth is likely inorganic and may not translate to proportional EBITDA growth.
The aggressive M&A strategy has increased financial leverage, with a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.45, which is higher than some peers like EPD (though EPD is an MLP). If the promised synergies from Magellan do not materialize, the company may face higher interest costs and reduced financial flexibility. Additionally, the revenue growth is heavily dependent on the acquisition, and as the base effect fades, organic growth rates may appear weak. Short-sellers could argue that the market is overestimating the stability of fee-based earnings, given the volume risk in the Bakken and the potential for regulatory changes on interstate pipelines. The recent earnings beat and raised guidance provide some comfort, but the sustainability of this performance remains uncertain.