Liquidity remains under pressure as quarterly claims payments frequently exceed $200 million, forcing the firm to rely on active investment portfolio turnover to manage cash flow requirements.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | -14.01M | -25.62M | -10.71M | -49.88M | -29.84M | 73.97M | 92.34M | 148.17M | 177.26M | 173.39M | 178.98M | 111.12M | 96M | 38.6M | 91.25M | 159.36M | 139.19M | 75.41M | 164.78M | 244.11M | 182.83M | 323.59M | 373.54M | 282.8M | 176.96M | 61.26M | 36.34M | 46.4M | 71M | 43.2M | 74.8M |
| Operating CF Growth % | -5347.13% | -139.1% | 78.52% | -67.17% | -140.34% | -19.9% | -37.68% | -16.42% | 2.24% | -3.13% | 61.07% | 15.75% | 148.7% | -57.7% | -42.74% | 14.49% | 84.58% | -54.24% | -32.5% | 33.52% | -43.5% | -13.37% | 32.09% | 59.81% | 188.86% | 68.6% | -21.69% | -34.65% | 64.35% | -42.25% | 58.47% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | -1.3% | -2.33% | -0.95% | -4.41% | -2.71% | 6.88% | 10.41% | 14.67% | 20.21% | 20.21% | 20.43% | 14.46% | 11.32% | 5.27% | 12.63% | 21.95% | 20.11% | 11.21% | 29.29% | 34.57% | 24.79% | 49.94% | 47.01% | 52.78% | 44.01% | 16.01% | 16.32% | 22.29% | 36.67% | 26.88% | 53.7% |
| Net Income | 65.2M | 50.91M | 52.74M | -38.6M | -402K | 144.12M | -175.73M | 1M | 47.06M | 107.26M | 151.08M | 116.2M | 196.56M | 297.52M | 275.47M | 287.1M | 231.6M | 222.03M | 177.72M | 168.19M | 126.98M | 80.03M | 72.81M | 38.7M | 12.21M | 12.45M | 24.3M | 46.7M | 48.5M | 37.5M | 31.1M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 9.87M | 13.69M | 17.75M | 26.02M | 38.06M | 37.25M | 21.38M | 18.66M | 21.25M | 28.8M | 32.79M | 36.22M | 39.59M | 35.83M | 37.57M | 35.69M | 26.67M | 19.66M | 16.57M | 16.09M | 18.83M | 24M | 24.84M | 23.51M | 15.04M | 3.24M | 6.33M | 6.4M | 3.2M | 3M | 200K |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 6.06M | 7.85M | 6.2M | 5.25M | 4.83M | 4.39M | 3.84M | 3.53M | 5.32M | 10.62M | 12.46M | 9.17M | 10.06M | 9.24M | 8.64M | 7.12M | 6.14M | 6.21M | 7.76M | 8.33M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 16.78M | 16.79M | 12.82M | -1.77M | -6.62M | 1.32M | -21.15M | -28.64M | -11.82M | 0 | 8.53M | -15.99M | 6.79M | 24.66M | 37.74M | -1.05M | -4.4M | 26.61M | -233K | 3.82M | 1.39M | 707K | 1.11M | 93K | 87K | 1.72M | 854K | 2.3M | 7.7M | -700K | -1.7M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 12.24M | 11.27M | -4.28M | 41.17M | 58.79M | -126.01M | 203.07M | -25.26M | 61.09M | -3.68M | -21.91M | 30.79M | -25.41M | -118.25M | -27.77M | -4.52M | -27.31M | -18.04M | 50.43M | 43.54M | -99.21M | -4.91M | -12.54M | -227.01M | -97.21M | 9.87M | -5.96M | 13.2M | 118.7M | 43.9M | -88.2M |
| Working Capital Changes | -115.69M | -126.13M | -95.96M | -81.94M | -124.5M | 12.9M | 60.93M | 178.87M | 54.37M | 30.39M | -3.97M | -65.26M | -131.6M | -210.4M | -240.41M | -164.97M | -93.51M | -181.06M | -87.48M | 4.15M | 134.84M | 223.77M | 287.32M | 447.51M | 246.83M | 33.98M | 10.8M | -22.2M | -107.1M | -40.5M | 133.4M |
| Cash from Investing | 15.33M | 19.44M | 10.67M | 141.14M | -62M | -85.53M | -8.48M | 50.52M | 214.9M | 200.28M | -278.94M | 227.79M | 266.98M | -67.8M | 26.84M | -49.61M | -22.35M | 20.84M | -91.57M | -166.46M | -189.65M | -313.43M | -430.44M | -379.66M | -122.61M | -98.92M | -37.64M | -8.1M | -65.4M | -43.3M | -65M |
| Capital Expenditures | -2.87M | -3.6M | -9.02M | -4.79M | -4.35M | -3.84M | -7.48M | -9.59M | -9.64M | 0 | -10.92M | -9.52M | 5.43M | -5.85M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -7.3M |
| Acquisitions | -924K | 19.38M | 39.68M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 216.7M | -70.82M | -42.69M | 0 | -73.92M | 0 | -52.67M | 0 | 0 | -251.33M | -127.05M | -25.75M | -15.81M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Purchase of Investments | -132.22M | -924.07M | -798.44M | -464.94M | -681.25M | -1.51B | 0 | -770.19M | -1.05B | -915.35M | -767.9M | -885.55M | -850.99M | -817.56M | -822.1M | -904.43M | -869.74M | -964.04M | -953.01M | -1.43B | -2.41B | -903.64M | -1.2B | -1.15B | -1.04B | -677.7M | -184M | -193.8M | -390.9M | -227.5M | -195.5M |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 129.95M | 907.45M | 778.45M | 586.17M | 656.2M | 1.35B | 0 | 597.59M | 1.07B | 1.11B | 530.05M | 1.17B | 998.19M | 920.82M | 1.04B | 893.8M | 1.04B | 1.11B | 908.77M | 1.29B | 2.33B | 642.25M | 755.6M | 1.3B | 920.88M | 706.5M | 154.76M | 179.4M | 325.7M | 184.4M | 135.2M |
| Other Investing | 21.39M | 20.27M | 0 | 24.69M | -32.59M | 78.31M | -1.01M | 16M | 282.18M | 50.35M | -30.17M | 27.85M | 114.36M | -112.55M | -186.55M | -38.98M | 61.81M | 316K | -21.58M | -5.59M | -106.23M | -52.03M | 16.01M | -522.83M | -2.79M | -127.72M | -8.4M | 6.3M | -200K | -200K | 2.6M |
| Cash from Financing | -13.87M | -12.2M | -10.97M | -55.31M | -21.8M | -60.62M | -43.45M | -103.79M | -446.19M | -356.51M | -13.93M | -294.85M | -295.32M | 40.03M | -129.94M | -30.2M | -106.64M | -59.07M | -100.02M | -67.71M | 1.46M | 3.64M | 44.94M | 682K | 35.79M | 82.27M | -9.56M | -28M | -8.8M | -1.7M | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5.38M | -10.77M | -10.76M | -38.66M | -93.2M | -316.48M | -315.23M | -118.81M | -217.63M | -71.25M | -46.38M | -200.12M | -7.62M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -100K | -100K | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -1.2M | 0 | 0 | -50.49M | -3.25M | -10.38M | -2.35M | 0 | -1M | 0 | -2.11M | -172.77M | -222.36M | -29.09M | 0 | -20.57M | -106.35M | -52.05M | -87.56M | -54.2M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.34M | -9.56M | -27.9M | -8.7M | -1.6M | 0 |
| Stock Issued | 0 | 0 | 8K | 0 | 0 | 10.38M | 2.35M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46.5M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | -3M | -1000K | -1000K | 0 | 0 | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 0 | 1000K | 1000K | -325K | -303K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 0 | 0 | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -7.98M | -5.95M | -6.29M | 552K | -7.79M | -3.38M | -935K | -9.14M | -5.31M | -4.75M | 6.98M | -4.45M | -1.71M | -7.32M | 2.84M | -1.69M | 14K | -24K | 18.47M | 1.96M | 1.46M | 3.64M | 35K | -31.46M | -707K | 1.11M | 0 | -100K | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -29.49M | -18.39M | -11.02M | 35.94M | -113.64M | -72.18M | 40.41M | 94.9M | -54.02M | 17.15M | -123.75M | 44.06M | 67.66M | 10.83M | -11.85M | 79.55M | 10.21M | 37.18M | -26.82M | 9.94M | -5.36M | 13.81M | -11.96M | -96.17M | 90.14M | 44.61M | -10.86M | 10.4M | -3.2M | -1.7M | 9.8M |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100K | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 36.49M | 54.88M | 65.9M | 29.96M | 143.6M | 215.78M | 175.37M | 80.47M | 134.5M | 117.35M | 241.1M | 197.04M | 129.38M | 118.55M | 130.4M | 50.85M | 40.64M | 3.46M | 30.27M | 29.15M | 34.51M | 20.7M | 42.05M | 143.31M | 53.16M | 8.55M | 19.41M | 9M | 12.2M | 14M | 4.2M |
| Cash at End | 14.05M | 36.49M | 54.88M | 65.9M | 29.96M | 143.6M | 215.78M | 175.37M | 80.47M | 134.5M | 117.35M | 241.1M | 197.04M | 129.38M | 118.55M | 130.4M | 50.85M | 40.64M | 3.46M | 39.09M | 29.15M | 34.51M | 30.08M | 47.13M | 143.31M | 53.16M | 8.55M | 19.4M | 9M | 12.3M | 14M |
| Free Cash Flow | -16.88M | -29.22M | -19.73M | -54.67M | -34.19M | 70.13M | 84.86M | 138.58M | 167.63M | 162.9M | 168.06M | 101.6M | 93.12M | 32.76M | 91.25M | 159.36M | 139.19M | 75.41M | 164.78M | 244.11M | 182.83M | 323.59M | 373.54M | 282.8M | 176.96M | 61.26M | 36.34M | 46.4M | 71M | 43.2M | 67.5M |
| FCF Growth % | 11.54% | -48.08% | 63.91% | -59.9% | -148.76% | -17.36% | -38.76% | -17.33% | 2.9% | -3.07% | 65.41% | 9.11% | 184.29% | -64.1% | -42.74% | 14.49% | 84.58% | -54.24% | -32.5% | 33.52% | -43.5% | -13.37% | 32.09% | 59.81% | 188.86% | 68.6% | -21.69% | -34.65% | 64.35% | -36% | 56.98% |
| FCF Margin % | -1.56% | -2.66% | -1.75% | -4.84% | -3.1% | 6.52% | 9.57% | 13.72% | 19.11% | 18.98% | 19.19% | 13.22% | 10.98% | 4.47% | 12.63% | 21.95% | 20.11% | 11.21% | 29.29% | 34.57% | 24.79% | 49.94% | 47.01% | 52.78% | 44.01% | 16.01% | 16.32% | 22.29% | 36.67% | 26.88% | 48.46% |
| FCF per Share | -0.33 | -0.57 | -0.38 | -1.04 | -0.63 | 1.3 | 1.57 | 2.57 | 3.12 | 3.04 | 3.14 | 1.85 | 1.56 | 0.53 | 1.48 | 2.58 | 2.16 | 1.14 | 2.4 | 3.41 | 2.62 | 4.92 | 5.84 | 4.65 | 3.37 | 1.26 | 0.78 | 0.97 | 1.44 | 0.87 | 1.4 |
Reserve volatility and social inflation
Based on the provided quarterly cash flow data, ProAssurance exhibits significant volatility in underwriting cash generation, with operating cash flow fluctuating between a $28.1 million outflow in 2025Q2 and a $27.2 million inflow in 2025Q3, reflecting the inherent unpredictability of long-tail medical professional liability claims payments.
The frequent swings between positive and negative operating cash flow suggest that the company's core underwriting operations are struggling to maintain a consistent float-generating profile. This instability appears to be driven by the timing of large claim settlements, which often overwhelm premium inflows in any given quarter.
As reported in the company's financial statements, ProAssurance maintains a highly active investment portfolio, with quarterly purchases and sales frequently exceeding $200 million, indicating that the firm relies heavily on portfolio turnover to manage liquidity needs when underwriting cash flows fail to cover immediate claim obligations.
The high volume of investment activity relative to the company's market capitalization suggests that management is actively recycling capital to optimize yield and meet liquidity requirements. Investors should monitor whether this reliance on portfolio liquidation to fund operations may eventually constrain the company's ability to benefit from long-term compounding in a higher interest rate environment.
According to the historical data, ProAssurance consistently processes quarterly claims payments exceeding $200 million, a figure that frequently dwarfs net income and underscores the intense liquidity pressure inherent in the medical professional liability sector where long-tail claims create persistent, multi-year cash outflows for the firm.
The magnitude of these claims payments relative to net income highlights the company's vulnerability to adverse loss development. If social inflation continues to drive up the severity of these settlements, the company may find its cash reserves increasingly strained, necessitating more frequent and potentially disadvantageous liquidations of its fixed-income portfolio.
Based on the reported figures, there is a notable disconnect between net income and operating cash flow, exemplified by the 2025Q3 period where the company reported $1.4 million in net income while generating $27.2 million in operating cash, suggesting significant non-cash accruals and reserve adjustments.
This divergence implies that headline earnings may not be a reliable proxy for the company's actual cash-generating capacity. Analysts should interpret these discrepancies as a potential signal that reserve releases or other accounting adjustments are masking the underlying cash-flow challenges faced by the specialty insurance segments.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying PRA stock.
ProAssurance Corporation (PRA) generated $-25.6M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
ProAssurance Corporation (PRA) reported negative free cash flow of $29.2M in 2025, indicating capital requirements exceeded cash from operations.
ProAssurance Corporation (PRA) spent $3.6M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.