Free cash flow remains highly volatile due to lumpy capital deployment, swinging from a $2.1 billion outflow in 2025Q3 to a $298.0 million inflow in 2026Q1, while maintaining a 5.4% dividend yield.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 1.18B | 1.05B | 619.61M | 638.19M | 699.8M | 307.11M | 196.56M | 236.69M | 244.49M | 139.22M | 68.63M | 63.83M | 51.81M | 19.38M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 78.23% | 72.07% | 77.19% | 80.83% | 60.9% | 78.76% | 79.45% | 84.69% | 80.93% | 86.71% | 85.27% | 66.63% | 32.33% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 273.75% | 69.95% | -2.91% | -8.8% | 127.86% | 56.25% | -16.96% | -3.19% | 75.62% | 102.86% | 7.51% | 23.2% | 167.35% | - |
| Net Income | -46M | -68M | 603.65M | 501.34M | 655M | 256.68M | -193.41M | 221.21M | 262.88M | 111.48M | -10.9M | 24.42M | 29.63M | 11.95M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 746M | 607M | 0 | 146.12M | 121.07M | 102.99M | 100.5M | 78.18M | 737K | 589K | 401K | 314K | 112K | 20.8M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.82M | 2.76M | 2.4M | 3.81M | 3.93M | 2.1M | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -95M | -83M | -149.09M | -7M | -49.66M | 0 | 142.47M | -41.58M | -72.52M | 39.93M | 76.89M | 38.55M | 27.49M | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 680M | 661M | 206.25M | 15.92M | -8.11M | -18.47M | 107.94M | -3.85M | 59.38M | 589K | 401K | 314K | 112K | 24.34M |
| Working Capital Changes | -152M | -64M | -41.2M | -18.18M | -18.51M | -34.08M | 39.06M | -19.08M | -8.75M | -15.76M | -1.98M | -3.69M | -7.64M | -37.7M |
| Change in Receivables | -102M | -59M | -40.89M | -24.45M | -17.2M | -36.5M | 34.46M | -26.35M | -11.42M | -17.38M | -4.14M | -1.13M | 1.19M | -37.7M |
| Change in Inventory | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -177K | 0 | 0 | -253K | 0 |
| Change in Payables | -88M | -21M | 7.65M | 7.33M | 457K | 2.74M | 0 | 7.24M | 2.54M | 1.3M | 1.94M | -1.96M | -8.07M | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -1.36B | -2.42B | -608.57M | -908.37M | 47.57M | -281.18M | -16.28M | -530.57M | -614.25M | -344.08M | -205.72M | -43.91M | -96.81M | -16.33M |
| Capital Expenditures | -5.58B | -2.42B | -696.24M | -908.37M | -64.13M | -281.18M | -65.68M | -530.57M | -614.82M | -344.08M | -205.72M | -43.91M | -62.97M | -16.33M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 349.5% | 180.09% | 80.98% | 109.87% | 7.41% | 55.76% | 26.32% | 178.09% | 212.97% | 200.01% | 259.93% | 58.65% | 80.97% | 27.24% |
| Acquisitions | 611M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -609.69M | -344.08M | -205.72M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 3.62B | 0 | 87.67M | 0 | 111.7M | 0 | 38.59M | 0 | 441K | -344.08M | -205.72M | -43.91M | -91.54M | 0 |
| Cash from Financing | -355M | 1.36B | -10.05M | 277.86M | -768.64M | -5.61M | -164.75M | 274.81M | 368.24M | 219.84M | 145.77M | -34.5M | 59.35M | 0 |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 763M | 1.09B | -2M | 511M | -200.96M | 220M | -32.2M | 185.5M | 317.5M | -27M | 86M | 34.5M | -2.88M | 0 |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -290M | 1.04B | 475.91M | 104.78M | -150.59M | -46M | -48.05M | 340.86M | 305.77M | 380.41M | 125.58M | 0 | 234.55M | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | -343M | -328M | -473.68M | -324.75M | -416.94M | -176.63M | -107.96M | -240.28M | -253.48M | -130.88M | -64.82M | -68.56M | -168.69M | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -290M | -194M | 0 | -95.22M | -150.59M | -46M | -24.03M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -485M | -440M | -10.28M | -13.16M | -142K | -2.98M | 23.45M | -11.27M | -87.05M | -2.69M | -988K | -441K | -3.63M | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -532M | -13.85M | 982K | 7.69M | -21.27M | 20.33M | 15.52M | -19.07M | -1.52M | 14.98M | 8.67M | -14.57M | 14.35M | 3.05M |
| Free Cash Flow | -4.41B | -1.37B | -76.63M | -270.17M | 635.66M | 25.94M | 130.88M | -293.88M | -370.32M | -204.86M | -137.09M | 19.93M | -11.15M | 3.05M |
| FCF Margin % | -275.66% | -101.86% | -8.91% | -32.68% | 73.42% | 5.14% | 52.44% | -98.64% | -128.28% | -119.08% | -173.22% | 26.62% | -14.34% | 5.08% |
| FCF Growth % | -867.74% | -1689.02% | 71.64% | -142.5% | 2350.71% | -80.18% | 144.53% | 20.64% | -80.77% | -49.43% | -788.05% | 278.67% | -465.88% | - |
| FCF per Share | -24.30 | -9.62 | -0.82 | -3.64 | 8.40 | 0.38 | 1.93 | -4.76 | -5.17 | -1.96 | -1.65 | 0.25 | -0.14 | 0.04 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 95.76x | -15.49x | 1.72x | 3.19x | 4.61x | 5.30x | -1.02x | 5.11x | 1.70x | 1.25x | -6.30x | 2.61x | 2.29x | 1.62x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 73.86M | 40.19M | 36.87M | 30.78M | 33.12M | 13.8M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 56.13M | 51.34M | 16.99M | 1.05M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Permian Basin concentration risk
As reported in recent financial filings, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow is highly inconsistent, with OCF/NI ratios swinging from -3.87 in 2025Q4 to 3.38 in 2026Q1, indicating that non-cash adjustments frequently decouple accounting profits from actual cash generation.
The significant divergence between net income and operating cash flow suggests that investors should prioritize cash flow metrics over GAAP earnings, which appear heavily impacted by non-cash valuation adjustments. This volatility implies that the company's reported bottom line may not accurately reflect the underlying cash-generating capacity of its royalty interests.
Based on the company's reported figures, free cash flow has exhibited extreme instability, ranging from a $2.1 billion outflow in 2025Q3 to a $298.0 million inflow in 2026Q1, largely reflecting the lumpy nature of capital deployment for inorganic acreage expansion.
The erratic FCF trajectory suggests that the company is prioritizing aggressive asset accumulation over consistent cash flow generation. Analysts should monitor whether these acquisitions provide sufficient long-term yield to justify the periodic depletion of cash reserves.
According to quarterly data, capital expenditures have been highly irregular, peaking at $2.4 billion in late 2025, which highlights a shift from a pure royalty model toward a capital-intensive strategy of aggressive acreage consolidation within the Permian Basin.
While the royalty business model typically requires minimal capital, the recent surge in spending suggests a strategic pivot toward inorganic growth. This warrants further investigation into whether these capital outlays are effectively replacing production decline or merely inflating the asset base without proportional cash flow returns.
As indicated by recent cash flow statements, Viper Energy has maintained a consistent distribution policy, paying out $100.0 million in dividends in 2026Q1 while simultaneously funding significant share repurchases and acquisitions, which suggests a management preference for returning capital despite high growth-related cash outflows.
The simultaneous pursuit of acquisitions and shareholder returns implies a high degree of confidence in future cash flows from the parent-operated acreage. However, investors should monitor if this dual-track deployment strategy risks overextending liquidity during periods of commodity price weakness.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying VNOM stock.
Viper Energy, Inc. (VNOM) generated $1.05B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Viper Energy, Inc. (VNOM) reported negative free cash flow of $1.37B in 2025, indicating capital requirements exceeded cash from operations.
Viper Energy, Inc. (VNOM) spent $2.42B on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Viper Energy, Inc. (VNOM) returned $328.0M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $194.0M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.