Operating cash flow exhibits extreme volatility, ranging from a $40.2 million outflow in 2025Q1 to a $359.3 million inflow in 2025Q3, reflecting unpredictable premium and claim settlement timing.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 635M | -7.2M | 586.8M | 404.1M | 434M | 98.2M | -12.8M | -120.5M | -31.1M | -62.4M | -130.6M | 242.5M | 118.8M | -28.7M | -29.6M | -114.5M | 56M | -46.7M | 89.1M | 354.3M | 95.5M | -285M | -556.7M | -480.4M | -275.7M | -300.7M | -114M | -208.3M | 28.8M | -112.8M | 188.3M |
| Operating CF Growth % | 194.23% | -101.23% | 45.21% | -6.89% | 341.96% | 867.19% | 89.38% | -287.46% | 50.16% | 52.22% | -153.86% | 104.12% | 513.94% | 3.04% | 74.15% | -304.46% | 219.91% | -152.41% | -74.85% | 270.99% | 133.51% | 48.81% | -15.88% | -74.25% | 8.31% | -163.77% | 45.27% | -823.26% | 125.53% | -159.9% | 404.69% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 24.01% | -0.27% | 24.92% | 18.65% | 37.48% | 15.98% | -1.43% | -13.49% | -8.43% | -16.69% | -82.82% | 55.11% | 8.42% | -2.11% | -1.22% | -5.27% | 2.18% | -1.06% | 3.01% | 7.48% | 1.99% | -6.15% | -12.23% | -12.66% | -6.55% | -9.3% | -13.4% | -38.01% | 7.38% | -38.45% | 51.77% |
| Net Income | 1.04B | 1.11B | 284.1M | 509.2M | 792.8M | -268.3M | 701.7M | 414.5M | -174.2M | 36.1M | -6.1M | 198.3M | 52.8M | 312.5M | 193.4M | 88.8M | 91.9M | 579.5M | -559.5M | 407.4M | 673.2M | 290.1M | 418.7M | 280.6M | 748.1M | -259.3M | 312.9M | 108.4M | 82.2M | 64.9M | 4.9M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 6.3M | 0 | -6.4M | -17.8M | 4.3M | 0 | 0 | 29.8M | 25.7M | 22.4M | 20.4M | -400K | 12.9M | 28.6M | 50.8M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -91.6M | -41.4M | -11.8M | 63.1M | 67.1M | 85.4M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 500K | 20.3M | 0 | 15.3M | 66.1M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13M | 0 | 18.5M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 3.5M | 0 | 11.1M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.8M | -8.4M | -11.4M | -12.5M | 0 | -22.5M | 10.1M | -16.8M | -71M | 56.5M | 172.3M | -466.9M | 65.1M | 33.2M | 0 | -59M | 105M | 0 | -186M | -12.6M | 55.6M | 12M | 19.8M | 11.8M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -855.7M | -1.38B | -58.5M | -449.3M | -547M | 392.5M | -659.1M | -647.3M | 108.3M | -139M | 41.3M | 44.6M | -17M | -241.4M | -67.3M | 67.6M | -71M | -420.1M | 1.08B | -159.9M | -176.9M | -250.7M | -502.8M | -447.5M | -405.7M | -31.3M | -802.9M | -195M | -393.5M | -333.1M | 51.1M |
| Working Capital Changes | 350.1M | 248.4M | 356.5M | 346.7M | 117.8M | -26M | -55.4M | 57.7M | 4.5M | 29.5M | -192.2M | 0 | 92.6M | -138.5M | -189.7M | -199.9M | -21.4M | -378.4M | 38.6M | 41.7M | -434M | -324.4M | -413.6M | -418.5M | -618.1M | 267.5M | 430M | -165.5M | 265M | 68.5M | 35.1M |
| Cash from Investing | -782.3M | 212.7M | -447M | -543.9M | 155.7M | -204M | 65.5M | -59.9M | 459.2M | 715.5M | 1.28B | -20M | -40.2M | 401.8M | 829.6M | 799.6M | 485.3M | 365.1M | 1.04B | -314.8M | -344.1M | 337.6M | 466.5M | 532.4M | 473M | -1.1B | 234.4M | 237.5M | -156.5M | 192.6M | -101.8M |
| Capital Expenditures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4.3M | 0 | -4M | -11.7M | -2.3M | -5.5M | -7.8M | -11.3M | -9.6M | -26.2M | -19.8M | -38.5M | -13.6M | 0 | 0 | -7.7M | 1M | -1M | -5.4M | -2.9M | -7.3M |
| Acquisitions | -299.9M | 0 | -215.6M | 87.1M | -67.9M | 80M | -56.5M | -258M | -295.2M | 1.1B | 2.49B | 47M | -186.4M | 0 | -16.5M | 1.01B | 183.4M | -248.1M | -212.7M | -51.6M | 738.4M | 180.7M | -438.9M | 25M | 0 | -1.96B | 510.3M | 25.9M | -167.5M | 0 | -13.2M |
| Purchase of Investments | -1.55B | 0 | -1.99B | -1.47B | 0 | -1.64B | -648.3M | -746.7M | -1.39B | -3.33B | -4.75B | 0 | -3.04B | -4.6B | -6.29B | -5.56B | -4.6B | -3.94B | -5.23B | -8.76B | -6.99B | -7.07B | -7.87B | -18.6B | -14.31B | -8.11B | -979.2M | -201.8M | -254.1M | -201.8M | -265.8M |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 1.24B | 0 | 1.56B | 793.2M | 0 | 721.9M | 1.42B | 942.7M | 2.16B | 2.76B | 3.68B | 0 | 3.27B | 4.9B | 7.06B | 5.1B | 4.83B | 4.32B | 6.5B | 8.44B | 6.23B | 7.27B | 8.79B | 19.07B | 14.8B | 8.97B | 582.1M | 530.1M | 355.3M | 289.8M | 558.5M |
| Other Investing | -171.3M | 212.7M | 200.6M | 43.7M | 223.6M | 634.9M | -646.7M | 2.1M | -10.6M | 180.9M | -134.2M | -67M | -79.6M | 112.5M | 86.7M | 257.1M | 77.1M | 248.1M | 0 | 90.1M | -304.9M | 0 | 0 | 43.4M | -13.3M | 0 | 120.2M | -115.7M | -84.8M | 107.5M | -374M |
| Cash from Financing | -27.7M | -205.2M | 4.2M | 7.2M | -461.8M | 149.2M | -21.8M | 230.5M | -414.3M | -637.1M | -948.4M | -205.5M | -129.6M | -186.5M | -648.2M | -460.2M | -550.2M | -360.2M | -1.1B | -32.4M | 211.5M | -97M | 243.4M | -83.6M | -143.2M | 1.47B | -119.9M | -164.5M | 143.1M | -109.9M | -97.9M |
| Dividends Paid | -2.4M | -2.6M | -2.5M | -2.6M | -3M | -3.1M | -3.2M | -3.2M | -3.8M | -4.6M | -5.4M | -6M | -6.2M | -6.2M | -25.4M | -26.8M | -27.6M | -8.4M | -142.4M | -150.2M | -116.5M | -116.5M | -39.4M | -38.6M | -39M | -24.3M | -7.1M | -8.8M | -9.4M | -5.3M | -5.9M |
| Share Repurchases | -218.6M | -202.6M | -7.9M | -32.7M | -615.8M | -107.5M | -78.5M | -62.7M | -511.9M | -714.6M | -881.3M | -268.6M | -129.9M | -79.8M | -669.1M | -253M | -236.1M | -400K | -836M | -181M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.9M | -8.8M | -139.4M | -19.5M | -103.8M | -66.3M |
| Stock Issued | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 62.7M | 0 | 0 | 3.7M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 900K | 700K | 900K | 600K | 2.2M | 600K | 1.1M | 307.8M | 1.5M | 226.4M | 320M | 0 | 21.7M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 2M | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 300K | -1000K |
| Other Financing | 33.7M | -277.2M | 16.1M | 55.8M | -100K | -21.8M | -20.2M | 50.2M | 32.7M | 71.1M | -13.3M | -17.2M | -56.6M | -19.8M | -19.8M | -42.8M | -75.9M | -38.9M | 300M | 17.6M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -100M | 13.6M | 123.5M | -1.1M | 10.5M |
| Net Change in Cash | -39.3M | 300K | 144M | -132.6M | 107.3M | -709.8M | 696.5M | 50.7M | 13.2M | 16.9M | -17.4M | -64.5M | -800K | 114.1M | -39.3M | 148.3M | -800K | -35M | 21.1M | 12.3M | -28.7M | -55.4M | 153.2M | -31.6M | 54.1M | 63M | 500K | -18.5M | 15.4M | 2.2M | 2.1M |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 135.7M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -20.6M | -753.2M | 665.6M | 600K | -600K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -200K | 3.1M | -1.5M | 8.1M | 6.8M | -7.7M | 5.2M | 8.4M | -11M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 116.8M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 184.9M | 100K | 122.4M | 255M | 147.7M | 857.5M | 161M | 110.3M | 97.1M | 80.2M | 77.8M | 232.7M | 233.5M | 118.9M | 251.9M | 103.6M | 148.9M | 183.9M | 162.8M | 159M | 187.7M | 243.1M | 89.9M | 121.5M | 67.4M | 4.4M | 3.9M | 22.4M | 7M | 4.8M | 2.7M |
| Cash at End | 135.9M | 400K | 266.4M | 122.4M | 255M | 147.7M | 857.5M | 161M | 110.3M | 97.1M | 80.2M | 72M | 232.7M | 326.7M | 212.6M | 251.9M | 148.1M | 148.9M | 183.9M | 162.8M | 159M | 187.7M | 243.1M | 89.9M | 121.5M | 67.4M | 4.4M | 3.9M | 22.4M | 7M | 4.8M |
| Free Cash Flow | 635M | -7.2M | 586.8M | 404.1M | 434M | 98.2M | -12.8M | -120.5M | -31.1M | 133M | -134.9M | 182.4M | 114.3M | -41.8M | -228.1M | -120M | 50.2M | -58M | 79.5M | 319.6M | 75.7M | -323.5M | -570.3M | -480.4M | -288.5M | -308.4M | -113M | -209.3M | 23.4M | -115.7M | 181M |
| FCF Growth % | 18.76% | -101.23% | 45.21% | -6.89% | 341.96% | 867.19% | 89.38% | -287.46% | -123.38% | 198.59% | -173.96% | 59.58% | 373.44% | 81.67% | -90.08% | -339.04% | 186.55% | -172.96% | -75.13% | 322.19% | 123.4% | 43.28% | -18.71% | -66.52% | 6.45% | -172.92% | 46.01% | -994.44% | 120.22% | -163.92% | 394.79% |
| FCF Margin % | 24.01% | -0.27% | 24.92% | 18.65% | 37.48% | 15.98% | -1.43% | -13.49% | -8.43% | 35.58% | -85.54% | 41.45% | 8.1% | -3.07% | -9.36% | -5.52% | 1.96% | -1.31% | 2.69% | 6.75% | 1.58% | -6.98% | -12.53% | -12.66% | -6.86% | -9.54% | -13.28% | -38.19% | 6% | -39.43% | 49.77% |
| FCF per Share | 248.61 | -2.82 | 231.75 | 159.89 | 153.56 | 32.28 | -4.15 | -38.36 | -9.3 | 30.97 | -26.88 | 31.01 | 18.97 | -6.74 | -33.54 | -15.84 | 5.87 | -6.55 | 7.81 | 29.73 | 7.01 | -29.97 | -54.49 | -45.27 | -31.87 | -49.87 | -19.11 | -34.04 | 3.56 | -15.9 | 22.16 |
Underwriting and Catastrophe Volatility
As reported in quarterly financial statements, WTM's operating cash flow exhibits extreme volatility, swinging from a $40.2 million outflow in 2025Q1 to a $359.3 million inflow in 2025Q3, which underscores the unpredictable nature of premium collection timing relative to the settlement of large-scale reinsurance claims.
The wide variance in operating cash flow suggests that the Ark segment's underwriting results are heavily influenced by episodic catastrophe events rather than a steady stream of premium inflows. Investors should monitor whether this cash flow instability reflects a structural mismatch in claim payment timing or simply the inherent lumpiness of global reinsurance underwriting.
Based on recent SEC filings, WTM consistently maintains high levels of investment activity, with quarterly purchases reaching as high as $767 million in 2026Q1, indicating a proactive approach to managing the float generated by its diverse insurance and asset management business segments.
The frequent turnover in the investment portfolio suggests management is actively seeking to optimize yields in a fluctuating interest rate environment. However, the reliance on portfolio sales to supplement cash flow may mask underlying weaknesses in core underwriting cash generation during periods of elevated loss activity.
According to historical data, quarterly claims and loss payments have fluctuated significantly, peaking at $419.2 million in 2024Q3, which highlights the sensitivity of WTM's cash position to the timing and severity of loss events within its global reinsurance and specialty insurance portfolios.
The lack of a consistent relationship between claims paid and net income suggests that reserve adjustments and non-cash accounting items frequently distort the company's true cash-generating capacity. This volatility warrants further investigation into whether current reserve levels are sufficient to cover potential future claims without necessitating further portfolio liquidations.
As evidenced by the $192.7 million share repurchase in 2025Q4, WTM utilizes its fortress balance sheet to return capital sporadically, yet the lack of a predictable dividend policy suggests that capital allocation remains highly opportunistic rather than tied to recurring operational cash flow generation.
While the company's low debt-to-equity ratio provides significant flexibility, the reliance on large, one-off buybacks suggests that management prioritizes opportunistic exits over steady shareholder distributions. Investors should consider whether this capital return strategy is sustainable if underwriting performance continues to exhibit the current levels of cyclical volatility.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying WTM stock.
White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd. (WTM) generated $-7.2M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd. (WTM) reported negative free cash flow of $7.2M in 2025, indicating capital requirements exceeded cash from operations.
White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd. (WTM) spent $0.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd. (WTM) returned $2.6M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $202.6M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.