The 92.8% year-over-year revenue surge to $474.7M in 2026Q2 drove operating income to $105.4M, but this followed eight quarters of operating losses ranging from -4.8% to -22.5% margins, suggesting the new revenue carries a fundamentally different cost structure.
Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (CCOI) annual income statement — 26-year revenue, gross profit & net income history
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 |
|---|
| Revenue | 1.19B | 975.77M | 1.04B | 940.92M | 599.6M | 589.8M | 568.1M | 546.16M | 520.19M | 485.18M | 446.9M | 404.23M | 380M | 347.98M | 316.97M | 305.5M | 263.42M | 235.81M | 215.49M | 185.66M | 149.07M | 135.21M | 91.29M | 59.42M | 51.91M | 3.02M | 0 |
| Revenue Growth % | 22.44% | -5.82% | 10.12% | 56.92% | 1.66% | 3.82% | 4.02% | 4.99% | 7.22% | 8.56% | 10.55% | 6.38% | 9.2% | 9.78% | 3.76% | 15.98% | 11.71% | 9.43% | 16.06% | 24.55% | 10.25% | 48.12% | 53.62% | 14.46% | 1620.11% | - | - |
| Cost of Revenue | 691.61M | 805.14M | 641.84M | 544.23M | 228.15M | 226.34M | 219.16M | 219.8M | 219.53M | 209.28M | 194.07M | 174.51M | 159.89M | 150.22M | 143.64M | 132.16M | 119.02M | 102.78M | 93.06M | 87.76M | 80.42M | 86.19M | 64.32M | 48.32M | 49.32M | 20.3M | 0 |
| Gross Profit | 494.04M | 170.62M | 394.27M | 396.69M | 371.45M | 363.46M | 348.95M | 326.36M | 300.67M | 275.9M | 252.83M | 229.72M | 220.11M | 197.75M | 173.33M | 173.34M | 144.39M | 133.03M | 122.43M | 97.91M | 68.65M | 49.02M | 26.96M | 11.1M | 2.59M | -17.28M | 0 |
| Gross Margin % | 41.67% | 17.49% | 38.05% | 42.16% | 61.95% | 61.62% | 61.42% | 59.76% | 57.8% | 56.87% | 56.58% | 56.83% | 57.92% | 56.83% | 54.68% | 56.74% | 54.82% | 56.42% | 56.82% | 52.73% | 46.05% | 36.25% | 29.54% | 18.68% | 4.99% | -572.53% | - |
| Gross Profit Growth % | - | -56.72% | -0.61% | 6.79% | 2.2% | 4.16% | 6.92% | 8.54% | 8.98% | 9.12% | 10.06% | 4.37% | 11.3% | 14.09% | -0.01% | 20.05% | 8.54% | 8.66% | 25.05% | 42.62% | 40.04% | 81.81% | 142.94% | 328.66% | 114.98% | - | - |
| Operating Expenses | 425.73M | 274.44M | 591.87M | 526.02M | 257.49M | 244.23M | 242.02M | 226.1M | 215.09M | 203.84M | 195.94M | 183.63M | 177.16M | 151.6M | 142.36M | 136.83M | 128.58M | 136.82M | 144.65M | 129.94M | 115.46M | 109.85M | 109.21M | 307.76M | 73.31M | 43.81M | 14.22M |
| Other Operating Expenses | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| EBITDA | 355.11M | 166.37M | 100.41M | 102.88M | 206.18M | 208.47M | 190.4M | 180.5M | 167.79M | 151.84M | 139.28M | 123.56M | 123.38M | 110.51M | 93.45M | 96.36M | 71.74M | 56.13M | 85.34M | 97.13M | 107.23M | 132.6M | 154.03M | 151.47M | 108.18M | 77.95M | 14.56M |
| EBITDA Margin % | 29.95% | 17.05% | 9.69% | 10.93% | 34.39% | 35.35% | 33.51% | 33.05% | 32.26% | 31.3% | 31.17% | 30.57% | 32.47% | 31.76% | 29.48% | 31.54% | 27.23% | 23.8% | 39.6% | 52.32% | 71.93% | 98.07% | 168.74% | 254.91% | 208.39% | 2582.94% | - |
| EBITDA Growth % | 127.76% | 65.69% | -2.4% | -50.1% | -1.1% | 9.49% | 5.48% | 7.58% | 10.5% | 9.02% | 12.72% | 0.15% | 11.64% | 18.26% | -3.02% | 34.31% | 27.82% | -34.23% | -12.14% | -9.42% | -19.13% | -13.91% | 1.69% | 40.02% | 38.78% | 435.35% | - |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 286.8M | 270.18M | 298.02M | 232.21M | 92.22M | 89.24M | 83.48M | 80.25M | 81.23M | 75.93M | 75.23M | 70.53M | 69.48M | 64.36M | 62.48M | 59.85M | 56.52M | 59.91M | 63.13M | 67.21M | 60.68M | 70.45M | 69.97M | 70.25M | 45.91M | 16.86M | 338K |
| D&A / Revenue % | 24.19% | 27.69% | 28.76% | 24.68% | 15.38% | 15.13% | 14.69% | 14.69% | 15.62% | 15.65% | 16.83% | 17.45% | 18.28% | 18.49% | 19.71% | 19.59% | 21.46% | 25.41% | 29.3% | 36.2% | 40.7% | 52.11% | 76.64% | 118.22% | 88.43% | 558.61% | - |
| Operating Income (EBIT) | 68.31M | -103.81M | -197.61M | -129.33M | 113.96M | 119.23M | 106.92M | 100.26M | 86.56M | 75.92M | 64.04M | 53.04M | 53.9M | 46.15M | 30.97M | 36.51M | 15.21M | -3.79M | 22.21M | 29.92M | 46.55M | 62.15M | 84.07M | 81.23M | 62.27M | 61.09M | 14.22M |
| Operating Margin % | 5.76% | -10.64% | -19.07% | -13.74% | 19.01% | 20.22% | 18.82% | 18.36% | 16.64% | 15.65% | 14.33% | 13.12% | 14.18% | 13.26% | 9.77% | 11.95% | 5.78% | -1.61% | 10.31% | 16.11% | 31.23% | 45.96% | 92.09% | 136.7% | 119.96% | 2024.32% | - |
| Operating Income Growth % | - | 47.46% | -52.79% | -213.49% | -4.42% | 11.51% | 6.65% | 15.83% | 14.02% | 18.54% | 20.75% | -1.6% | 16.78% | 49.04% | -15.17% | 139.93% | 501.88% | -117.04% | -25.76% | -35.73% | -25.1% | -26.07% | 3.5% | 30.44% | 1.93% | 329.54% | - |
| Interest Expense | 4M | 161.36M | 123.32M | 106.78M | 67.58M | 58.06M | 62.49M | 57.45M | 51.06M | 48.47M | 40.8M | 41.28M | 49.95M | 41.8M | 36.32M | 34.51M | 16.68M | 15.72M | 11.07M | 10.23M | 10.68M | 11.75M | 13M | 19.78M | 36.28M | 7.95M | 1.1M |
| Interest Coverage | - | -0.52x | -1.11x | 12.42x | 2.03x | 2.23x | 1.17x | 1.92x | 1.68x | 1.49x | 1.47x | 1.12x | 0.86x | 1.10x | 0.90x | 1.16x | 0.97x | -0.17x | 0.44x | -3.13x | -4.38x | -5.18x | -6.33x | -4.11x | -1.95x | -7.69x | 13.99x |
| Interest / Revenue % | 0.34% | 16.54% | 11.9% | 11.35% | 11.27% | 9.84% | 11% | 10.52% | 9.81% | 9.99% | 9.13% | 10.21% | 13.14% | 12.01% | 11.46% | 11.3% | 6.33% | 6.67% | 5.14% | 5.51% | 7.17% | 8.69% | 14.24% | 33.28% | 69.89% | 263.25% | - |
| Non-Operating Income | -4M | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 134K |
| Pretax Income | -100.3M | -244.97M | -259.65M | 1.22B | 26.38M | 71.42M | 10.31M | 52.67M | 41.38M | 31.12M | 24.26M | 12.71M | 4.49M | 6.99M | -3.5M | 5.58M | -508K | -18.4M | 28.32M | -53.76M | 47.06M | 65.89M | 86.76M | -66.91M | -91.84M | -11.76M | 14.36M |
| Pretax Margin % | -8.46% | -25.1% | -25.06% | 129.6% | 4.4% | 12.11% | 1.82% | 9.64% | 7.96% | 6.41% | 5.43% | 3.14% | 1.18% | 2.01% | -1.1% | 1.83% | -0.19% | -7.8% | 13.14% | -28.95% | 31.57% | 48.73% | 95.04% | -112.61% | -176.92% | -389.7% | - |
| Income Tax | -27.3M | -62.79M | -55.58M | -53.96M | 21.23M | 23.23M | 4.1M | 15.15M | 12.71M | 25.24M | 9.33M | 7.82M | 3.69M | -49.7M | 751K | -1.96M | -1.18M | -1.25M | 1.54M | -1M | 6.95M | 6.69M | 7.41M | -437.4M | 21.13M | 5.82M | -2.46M |
| Effective Tax Rate % | 27.22% | 25.63% | 21.4% | -4.43% | 80.49% | 32.53% | 39.72% | 28.77% | 30.73% | 81.12% | 38.46% | 61.49% | 82.25% | -711.35% | -21.46% | -35.11% | 231.69% | 6.78% | 5.42% | 1.87% | 14.77% | 10.15% | 8.54% | 653.69% | -23% | -49.48% | -17.15% |
| Net Income | -73M | -182.17M | -204.07M | 1.27B | 5.15M | 48.19M | 6.22M | 37.52M | 28.67M | 5.88M | 14.93M | 4.9M | 797K | 56.69M | -4.25M | 7.54M | 669K | -17.15M | 26.78M | -31.02M | -53.76M | -67.52M | -89.66M | 140.74M | -91.84M | -66.91M | -11.76M |
| Net Margin % | -6.16% | -18.67% | -19.7% | 135.34% | 0.86% | 8.17% | 1.09% | 6.87% | 5.51% | 1.21% | 3.34% | 1.21% | 0.21% | 16.29% | -1.34% | 2.47% | 0.25% | -7.27% | 12.43% | -16.71% | -36.06% | -49.93% | -98.22% | 236.85% | -176.92% | -2217.13% | - |
| Net Income Growth % | 62.51% | 10.73% | -116.03% | 24646.23% | -89.32% | 675.18% | -83.43% | 30.88% | 387.87% | -60.64% | 204.92% | 514.3% | -98.59% | 1433.55% | -156.36% | 1027.35% | 103.9% | -164.05% | 186.31% | 42.29% | 20.38% | 24.7% | -163.7% | 253.24% | -37.26% | -468.94% | - |
| EPS (Diluted) | -1.52 | -3.80 | -4.30 | 26.62 | 0.11 | 1.03 | 0.13 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 0.13 | 0.33 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 1.21 | -0.09 | 0.17 | 0.01 | -0.39 | -0.34 | -0.65 | -1.16 | -1.96 | -117.43 | 11.18 | -564.45 | -391.36 | -170.16 |
| EPS Growth % | 62.5% | 11.63% | -116.15% | 24100% | -89.32% | 692.31% | -83.95% | 28.57% | 384.62% | -60.61% | 200% | 450% | -98.35% | 1395.5% | -154.94% | 1600% | 102.56% | -14.71% | 47.69% | 43.97% | 40.82% | 98.33% | -1150.36% | 101.98% | -44.23% | -130% | - |
| EPS (Basic) | - | -3.80 | -4.28 | 26.88 | 0.11 | 1.04 | 0.14 | 0.82 | 0.63 | 0.13 | 0.33 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 1.22 | -0.09 | 0.17 | 0.01 | -0.39 | -0.34 | -0.65 | -1.16 | -1.96 | -117.43 | 11.18 | -564.45 | -391.36 | -170.16 |
| Diluted Shares Outstanding | 48M | 47.93M | 47.63M | 47.84M | 47.21M | 46.96M | 46.67M | 46.08M | 45.78M | 45.18M | 44.87M | 45.16M | 46.35M | 47M | 45.51M | 45.7M | 44.79M | 44.03M | 44.56M | 47.8M | 46.34M | 34.44M | 763.54K | 7.94M | 162.71K | 170.97K | 69.12K |
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CCOI stock.
For fiscal year 2025, Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (CCOI) reported total revenue of $975.8M.
Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (CCOI) reported a net loss of $182.2M for the fiscal year ending 2025.
Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (CCOI) reported an operating income of $-103.8M, resulting in an operating profit margin of -10.6%. This margin reflects the operational efficiency of the business before interest and taxes.
Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (CCOI) generated $170.6M in gross profit for the year, representing a gross profit margin of 17.5%. This demonstrates the company's core pricing power and production efficiency.
Key Metrics
Top Statement Risk
Persistent operating losses and high leverage
Metrics are mathematically derived from official filings.
Revenue Surge Masks Underlying Operational Weakness
Cogent's revenue surged 92.8% year-over-year in 2026Q2 to $474.7M, a dramatic acceleration from the negative growth seen in prior quarters, suggesting a major structural shift in the business rather than organic growth.
The massive revenue jump in 2026Q2, which more than doubled the prior quarter's revenue, appears to be driven by a significant acquisition or asset integration rather than organic rate base growth. This is not a regulated utility revenue trajectory driven by rate cases; it reflects a fundamental change in the company's scale. The sustainability of this revenue level depends entirely on the integration and retention of the acquired customer base, not on regulatory recovery mechanisms.
Operating Margins Remain Deeply Negative Despite Revenue Scale
Despite the revenue surge, Cogent's operating margin was only 22.2% in 2026Q2, a stark contrast to the deeply negative margins of -4.8% to -22.5% seen in the preceding eight quarters, indicating the new revenue base carries significantly different cost structures.
The shift from chronic operating losses to a positive 22.2% margin suggests the acquired business has a fundamentally different cost profile than Cogent's legacy operations. However, the net margin of just 5.7% reveals that heavy depreciation and amortization ($107.0M) and likely significant interest expense are consuming the vast majority of operating income. This implies the company's capital structure is straining its ability to convert revenue into shareholder returns.
Depreciation Burden Overwhelms Operating Income
D&A of $107.0M in 2026Q2 consumed over 100% of the $105.4M operating income, a pattern consistent with a capital-intensive network business where asset depreciation outpaces the operating cash flow generated from those assets.
The D&A line item has been volatile, ranging from $54.1M to $85.8M in prior quarters, and now stands at $107.0M. This suggests the company is carrying a large and growing asset base, likely from the recent acquisition. For a regulated entity, this would imply a need for significant rate recovery to cover the return on and of this capital. In Cogent's case, it indicates the business model requires massive ongoing capital investment just to maintain its revenue base.
Reported EPS Gain Driven by Non-Recurring Structural Change
Cogent reported EPS of $0.56 in 2026Q2, a 146.3% year-over-year increase, but this follows eight consecutive quarters of losses, indicating the positive earnings are likely a function of acquisition accounting and integration rather than sustainable operational earnings power.
The company's earnings history is one of persistent losses, with EPS ranging from -$1.38 to -$0.64 in the eight quarters prior to 2026Q2. The sudden positive EPS is therefore not indicative of a normalized earnings trajectory. Investors should scrutinize the quality of this earnings, as it may include one-time purchase price accounting adjustments, cost synergies that are yet to be realized, or revenue recognition from the acquired entity that may not be fully recurring.
2026Q2 Represents a Fundamental Business Transformation
The 2026Q2 quarter marks a clear inflection point where Cogent's revenue base nearly doubled and operating income turned positive for the first time in over two years, signaling a transformative event that has reset the company's financial profile.
Prior to this quarter, Cogent was on a trajectory of declining revenue and deepening losses. The sudden reversal in 2026Q2 is too large to be organic and strongly suggests the completion of a major acquisition. This inflection point resets the baseline for all future analysis, but the key question is whether the new, larger entity can achieve sustainable profitability and begin to deleverage its balance sheet.
Acquisition May Mask Structural Profitability Challenges
The strongest challenge to the positive earnings narrative is that Cogent's core business was generating negative operating margins of -4.8% to -22.5% for eight straight quarters, and the new revenue may simply be layering a different cost structure onto a fundamentally challenged operational model.
The pre-acquisition trend shows a company struggling with negative operating leverage, where revenue declines were met with proportionally larger losses. The acquisition has changed the scale but not necessarily the underlying economics. If the acquired business requires similar capital intensity and faces comparable competitive pressures, the current positive operating margin may prove temporary. The massive D&A burden suggests that even with positive operating income, the company may struggle to generate sufficient free cash flow to service its debt and fund necessary network investments.