Cash conversion remains robust, with the OCF/NI ratio reaching 1.47 in 2024Q4, supporting a strategy that prioritizes bolt-on acquisitions and internal investment.
| Metric | TTM | Sep'25 | Sep'24 | Sep'23 | Sep'22 | Sep'21 | Sep'20 | Sep'19 | Sep'18 | Sep'17 | Sep'16 | Sep'15 | Sep'14 | Sep'13 | Sep'12 | Sep'11 | Sep'10 | Sep'09 | Sep'08 | Sep'07 | Sep'06 | Sep'05 | Sep'04 | Sep'03 | Sep'02 | Sep'01 | Sep'00 | Sep'99 | Sep'98 | Sep'97 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 433.89M | 286.1M | 234.4M | 153.9M | 16.3M | 37.9M | 76.7M | 38.7M | 12.22M | 22.3M | 25M | 11.51M | 12.6M | 1.95M | -7.37M | -11.85M | -13.2M | 11.31M | 14.71M | 58.86M | 18.88M | -15.38M | 6.3M | 39.3M | 53.37M | 8.63M | 43.21M | -7.01M | 8.34M | 1.05M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 8.49% | 8.13% | 6.47% | 0.75% | 2.47% | 6.44% | 3.59% | 1.39% | 2.75% | 3.59% | 2% | 2.46% | 0.4% | -1.62% | -2.46% | -2.87% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 6.59% | 4.5% | -1.39% | 0.44% | 2.71% | 3.62% | 0.51% | 2.58% | -0.68% | 2.16% | 1.14% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 596.16% | 22.05% | 52.31% | 844.18% | -56.99% | -50.59% | 98.19% | 216.59% | -45.18% | -10.8% | 117.28% | -8.67% | 544.73% | 126.51% | 37.81% | 10.21% | -216.74% | -23.11% | -75.02% | 211.78% | 222.77% | -343.94% | -83.96% | -26.35% | 518.1% | -80.02% | 716.64% | -184.07% | 693.9% | - |
| Net Income | 380.46M | 311.84M | 232.5M | 119.79M | 40.2M | 68.7M | 41.6M | 33.5M | -13.8M | 13.6M | 120.9M | 16.54M | 5.32M | -3.57M | -11.8M | -37.69M | -32.15M | -11.94M | 684K | -4.41M | -8.17M | -129.63M | -124.86M | 20.43M | -273.35M | 28.71M | 21.16M | 48.11M | -229K | 3.7M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 52.68M | 46.94M | 37.1M | 29.41M | 25.5M | 21.9M | 12.5M | 9.6M | 8.9M | 9.6M | 5.7M | 2.51M | 2.53M | 2.55M | 2.15M | 6.36M | 5.29M | 8.26M | 9.63M | 11.13M | 4.35M | 16.46M | 13.63M | 16.32M | 18.63M | 30.34M | 32.66M | 16.95M | 5.56M | 320K |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 11.65M | 12.93M | 5.53M | 4.37M | 3.77M | 3.52M | 4.27M | 2.36M | -100K | 1.7M | 1.6M | 524K | 711K | 1.43M | 838K | 906K | 1.37M | 2.52M | 3.11M | 4.15M | 1.34M | 1.34M | 797K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 4.77M | -3.31M | -1.13M | 5.18M | -31K | 11.7M | 5.1M | 5.7M | 38.2M | 6.9M | -98.4M | 336K | 388K | 1.6M | -39K | -107K | -1.24M | -1.92M | 60K | -148K | 38K | 252K | 8.96M | 8.18M | 6.17M | -4.94M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -75.15M | -80.58M | -1.71M | -13.99M | 3.33M | 1.5M | 6.99M | 800K | 500K | 500K | 1.3M | 316K | 385K | 286K | -126K | -2.14M | 7.7M | 8.42M | 4.26M | 18.56M | 22.82M | 92.38M | 104.95M | 1.93M | 321.13M | -13.2M | 6.43M | -13.43M | 17.04M | -10.77M |
| Working Capital Changes | 57.39M | -1.73M | -37.9M | 9.14M | -56.5M | -69.4M | 6.24M | -13.3M | -21.5M | -10M | -6.1M | -8.72M | 3.26M | -339K | 1.4M | 20.83M | 5.83M | 5.97M | -3.03M | 29.57M | -1.5M | 3.82M | 2.82M | -7.55M | -19.22M | -32.29M | -17.03M | -58.63M | -14.03M | 7.8M |
| Change in Receivables | -105.6M | -79.95M | -93.51M | 2.92M | -87.2M | -55.4M | -25.4M | -35.3M | -7.6M | -7.6M | -22.4M | -15.12M | -4.14M | 3.99M | 11.13M | -2.76M | 17.77M | 29.57M | -4.81M | 17.66M | -2.28M | 16.32M | -8.45M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | -14.52M | 4.15M | -3.52M | -1.14M | -27.8M | -30.5M | -2.82M | -700K | -4M | -1.9M | 3.9M | 2.53M | 3.79M | 2.52M | -6.7M | -537K | -2.53M | 2.7M | 2.4M | 10.6M | -2.59M | -3.73M | -2.18M | 3.01M | -2.77M | -4.98M | -2.9M | -472K | 631K | 0 |
| Change in Payables | 97.91M | 86.46M | 57.89M | -10.05M | 67.1M | 9.8M | 20.12M | 16M | -13.57M | -2.83M | 19.68M | 6.65M | 2.44M | -1.2M | 14.86M | 16.78M | -8.68M | -23.55M | -945K | -8.13M | 5.82M | -6.6M | 11.96M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -287.68M | -163.69M | -108.85M | 2.77M | -29.5M | -99.6M | -33.6M | -5.7M | -11.86M | -24.5M | -60.7M | -5.89M | -1.98M | -4.77M | -1.88M | 15.34M | -200K | -5.89M | 8.06M | -1.56M | -2.24M | 35.8M | -7M | -7.86M | -4.33M | -31.42M | -60.53M | -118.61M | -131.91M | -980K |
| Capital Expenditures | -115.53M | -67.25M | -45.16M | -17.67M | -29.3M | -7.4M | -4.7M | -6.3M | -4.6M | -4.6M | -3.4M | -2.78M | -1.98M | -444K | -1.88M | -2.69M | -924K | -4.74M | -12.98M | -2.71M | -1.32M | -3.68M | -6.5M | -8.73M | -11.89M | -25.8M | -28.38M | -12.89M | -4.35M | -1.03M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 3.18% | 1.99% | 1.57% | 0.74% | 1.35% | 0.48% | 0.39% | 0.58% | 0.52% | 0.57% | 0.49% | 0.48% | 0.39% | 0.09% | 0.41% | 0.56% | 0.2% | 0.71% | 1.59% | 0.3% | 0.32% | 0.33% | 0.46% | 0.6% | 0.81% | 1.52% | 1.7% | 1.24% | 1.13% | 1.11% |
| Acquisitions | -172.46M | -52.37M | -67M | 20.6M | 219K | -92.5M | -29M | 100K | -7.4M | -20.2M | -59.5M | -3.11M | 0 | -5.16M | 0 | 0 | 393K | -2.15M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -570K | 7.55M | -233K | -33.23M | -106.48M | -128.74M | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 306K | -44.07M | 3.31M | 20.6M | 300K | 300K | 100K | 500K | 100K | 300K | 2.2M | 0 | 0 | 829K | 0 | 18.03M | 331K | 1M | 21.05M | 1.34M | 388K | 39.88M | 307K | 2.34M | -583K | -5.38M | 2.74M | 753K | 1.18M | 50K |
| Cash from Financing | -40.16M | -96.07M | -100.5M | -105.75M | 15M | 31.2M | -8.5M | -40.3M | -2.41M | -2.75M | 19.63M | -3.6M | 15.97M | 4.84M | -7.6M | -838K | -17.9M | -5.95M | -27.73M | -15.79M | -5.45M | -14.31M | -17.27M | -24.02M | -19.73M | 25.49M | 15.16M | 113.97M | 134M | -220K |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 30.59M | -4.38M | -4.26M | -86M | 40.52M | 39.68M | -203K | -30.25M | -9K | 2K | 20M | 26K | -3.5M | -1.88M | -264K | -766K | -17.71M | -1.64M | -16.13M | -14.98M | -11K | -7.93M | -17.33M | -16.23M | -23.33M | 33.58M | 15.16M | 112.76M | 58.73M | 0 |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -24.78M | -41.64M | -44.03M | -8.28M | -18.56M | -7.01M | -7.66M | -9.8M | -2.05M | -2.15M | -370K | -3.62M | 19.47M | -436K | -181K | -72K | -172K | -4.32M | -11.03M | -806K | 1M | 985K | 2.32M | -7.11M | -441K | -9.07M | 3K | 1.2M | 91.51M | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -17.76M | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -24.78M | -41.64M | -44.03M | -8.28M | -18.56M | -7.01M | -7.7M | -9.8M | -2.06M | -2.37M | -590K | -3.62M | -179K | -436K | -181K | -72K | -172K | -4.32M | -11.03M | -806K | 0 | 0 | -4.34M | -10.21M | -984K | -10.38M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -45.98M | -50.04M | -52.21M | -11.47M | -6.95M | -1.5M | -639K | -240K | -349K | -601K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.16M | -7.16M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -575K | 0 | -6.44M | -7.36M | -2.27M | -679K | 4.04M | 980K | 0 | 0 | 1.52M | -220K |
| Net Change in Cash | 27.17M | 26.34M | 25.06M | 50.92M | 1.7M | -30.5M | 34.7M | -7.3M | -2.04M | -4.93M | -16.14M | 2.02M | 26.59M | 2.03M | -16.85M | 2.65M | -31.3M | -535K | -4.97M | 41.51M | 11.19M | 6.12M | -17.97M | 7.42M | 29.3M | 2.71M | -2.16M | -11.65M | 10.43M | -150K |
| Free Cash Flow | 318.36M | 218.84M | 189.25M | 136.24M | -13M | 30.5M | 72M | 32.4M | 7.6M | 17.7M | 21.6M | 8.73M | 10.62M | 1.51M | -9.25M | -14.54M | -14.12M | 6.57M | 1.72M | 56.15M | 17.55M | -19.06M | -201K | 30.58M | 41.47M | -17.17M | 14.83M | -19.9M | 3.98M | 20K |
| FCF Margin % | 8.76% | 6.49% | 6.56% | 5.73% | -0.6% | 1.98% | 6.05% | 3.01% | 0.87% | 2.18% | 3.1% | 1.52% | 2.07% | 0.31% | -2.03% | -3.02% | -3.07% | 0.99% | 0.21% | 6.29% | 4.18% | -1.73% | -0.01% | 2.11% | 2.81% | -1.01% | 0.89% | -1.92% | 1.03% | 0.02% |
| FCF Growth % | 81% | 15.64% | 38.91% | 1147.96% | -142.62% | -57.64% | 122.22% | 326.32% | -57.06% | -18.06% | 147.51% | -17.79% | 603.05% | 116.33% | 36.4% | -2.95% | -315.08% | 281.58% | -96.94% | 219.87% | 192.1% | -9382.59% | -100.66% | -26.27% | 341.58% | -215.74% | 174.55% | -599.4% | 19820% | - |
| FCF per Share | 15.77 | 10.84 | 9.27 | 6.67 | -0.62 | 1.45 | 3.41 | 1.52 | 0.36 | 0.82 | 1.01 | 0.41 | 0.57 | 0.10 | -0.61 | -1.00 | -0.98 | 0.46 | 0.11 | 3.73 | 1.14 | -0.49 | -0.01 | 0.79 | 1.04 | -0.42 | 0.37 | -0.57 | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 0.84x | 0.94x | 1.07x | 1.42x | 0.47x | 0.57x | 1.84x | 1.17x | -0.86x | 1.66x | 0.21x | 0.70x | 2.37x | -0.55x | 0.62x | 0.31x | 0.41x | -0.96x | 21.50x | -13.34x | -2.31x | 0.12x | -0.05x | 1.92x | -0.20x | 0.30x | 2.04x | -0.15x | -160.31x | 0.28x |
| Interest Paid | 754K | 882K | 536K | 2.09M | 3.07M | 738K | 782K | 1.74M | 1.68M | 1.52M | 1.01M | 792K | 1.15M | 1.11M | 1.65M | 2.29M | 3.9M | 3.59M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | -64.07M | 117.31M | 61.61M | 12.06M | 3.95M | 5.06M | 323K | 1.37M | -2.84M | 2.43M | 1.42M | 1.53M | 732K | 496K | 436K | 340K | 263K | 1.41M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cyclical residential market exposure
As reported in recent financial statements, IESC consistently demonstrates strong cash conversion, with the OCF/NI ratio frequently exceeding 1.0, including a peak of 1.47 in 2024Q4, which suggests that the company's reported net income is well-supported by actual cash generation from its core operations.
The consistent ability to generate operating cash flow in excess of net income indicates that IESC's accounting practices are likely conservative, particularly regarding revenue recognition under the percentage-of-completion method. Investors should monitor this relationship, as it suggests that the company is not relying on aggressive accruals to inflate its bottom-line performance.
Based on quarterly data, IESC has shown a volatile but generally improving free cash flow trajectory, with FCF margins reaching 12.5% in 2025Q4, reflecting the company's ability to translate its specialized infrastructure project wins into meaningful cash liquidity despite the inherent cyclicality of its residential segment.
The fluctuation in FCF margins appears tied to the timing of large-scale project milestones and working capital swings rather than structural deterioration. This trend suggests that the company's pivot toward high-density data center work is providing a more durable cash flow profile than traditional construction peers.
According to recent SEC filings, IESC experiences significant quarterly swings in working capital, such as the $67.4 million inflow in 2025Q4 followed by a $50.0 million outflow in 2025Q2, which highlights the sensitivity of the company's cash position to project-based billing cycles and inventory management.
These swings are characteristic of the engineering and construction industry, where large project payments can create lumpy cash flow patterns. The ability to manage these cycles without requiring external financing suggests that the company's balance sheet remains resilient even during periods of significant working capital absorption.
As indicated by historical cash flow data, IESC prioritizes bolt-on acquisitions and share repurchases over dividends, with a notable $143.0 million net acquisition spend in 2026Q2, demonstrating a disciplined approach to deploying excess cash toward expanding its technical capabilities in the infrastructure and communications sectors.
Management's focus on M&A suggests a strategy of acquiring specialized regional expertise to bolster its competitive moat in data center infrastructure. This capital allocation pattern appears to be a primary driver of long-term per-share value, provided that the integration of these smaller entities remains efficient.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying IESC stock.
IES Holdings, Inc. (IESC) generated $286.1M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
IES Holdings, Inc. (IESC) generated $218.8M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
IES Holdings, Inc. (IESC) spent $67.3M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, IES Holdings, Inc. (IESC) spent $41.6M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.