Operating cash flow is volatile (swinging from -$1.1B in 2025Q3 to +$1.0B in 2025Q2), and Q2 2026 net income of $1.3B contrasts with -$558M OCF, indicating earnings are not converting to cash.
Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) cash flow statement — 30-year operating, investing & financing cash flows
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | -1.33B | -167M | -2.01B | -2.07B | 3.61B | -217M | 534M | -2.69B | 1.94B | 788M | 1.27B | 2.24B | 2.53B | 799M | 1.27B | 1.28B | 1.72B | 937M | 1.26B | 1.96B | 3.05B | 1.21B | 1.11B | 1.04B | 489.56M | 1.25B | 1.99B | 2.33B | 1.25B | 1.11B | 1.37B |
| Operating CF Growth % | -4125.32% | 91.68% | 3.23% | -157.47% | 1763.13% | -140.64% | 119.88% | -238.24% | 146.57% | -38.05% | -43.29% | -11.2% | 216.15% | -37.04% | -0.55% | -25.81% | 83.56% | -25.58% | -35.6% | -35.9% | 152.48% | 8.77% | 6.38% | 113.24% | -60.93% | -36.89% | -14.88% | 86.73% | 12.37% | -18.93% | -28.59% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | -6.86% | -0.92% | -11.16% | -17.71% | 19.07% | -1.23% | 3.04% | -15.57% | 11.83% | 5.53% | 9.54% | 16.53% | 18.59% | 6.68% | 11% | 11.99% | 16.51% | 11.02% | 13.65% | 18.66% | 34.03% | 22.06% | 20.68% | 19.76% | 10.56% | 19.65% | 29% | 34.28% | 20.52% | 22.69% | 28.97% |
| Net Income | 2.36B | 1.18B | 3.27B | -752M | 1.36B | 3.78B | 499M | 886M | 1.64B | 2.08B | 1.19B | 1.15B | 1.51B | 1.24B | 1.31B | 221M | 902M | -485M | 57M | 1.22B | 1.32B | 831M | -707.01M | 511.94M | 91.59M | 590.21M | 621.39M | 460.35M | 509.77M | 22.2M | 513.56M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -76M | -76M | -83M | 61M | 1M | 191.16M | 12.31M | 106.6M | 199.02M | 237.01M | 167.17M | 137.51M | 140.5M | 70.75M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35M | 47M | 53M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -4.51B | 700M | -3.61B | 2.04B | -2.88B | -3.41B | 907M | -1.51B | -179M | 1.27B | 739M | 332M | 857M | 95M | 111M | 951M | -43M | 2.14B | 1.22B | -552M | -406M | 797M | 2.88B | 1.83B | -221.69B | 81.08B | 316.29B | -266.12M | 1.01B | -1.41B | -1.76B |
| Working Capital Changes | 820M | -2.04B | -1.67B | -3.37B | 5.13B | -583M | -872M | -2.07B | 481M | -2.56B | -659M | 757M | 154M | -540M | -155M | 104M | 861M | -643M | 24M | 1.33B | 2.03B | -421M | -1.25B | -1.31B | 221.98B | -80.61B | -315.16B | 1.97B | -410.2M | 2.36B | 2.54B |
| Cash from Investing | -2.58B | -4.01B | 821M | -3.33B | -11.65B | -3.58B | -9.48B | -5.5B | -5.82B | -4.19B | -3.67B | -4.22B | -1.8B | -4.71B | -3.86B | -2.13B | -5.63B | -7.85B | 2.57B | -1.96B | -2.27B | 635M | -1.05B | -2.05B | -3.26B | -617.84M | 906.84M | -1.14B | -1.69B | 3.77B | -472.36M |
| Capital Expenditures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.82B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -195M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2.29B | -11.8M | 0 |
| Acquisitions | 0 | 0 | 619M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.42B | 0 | 0 | 75M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 321M | 327M | 648M | 0 | 0 | 14.23M | 173.56M | 0 | -195M | 2.04B | 85M | -11.09M | -2.29B | 2.64B | -71.59M |
| Purchase of Investments | -812M | -25.59B | -12.83B | -11.76B | -15.48B | -17.67B | -17.16B | -15.76B | -12.96B | -10.51B | -11.41B | -9.75B | -9.01B | -13.42B | -13.51B | -13.98B | -16.64B | -17.79B | -10.31B | -14.87B | -10.52B | -6.88B | -11.26B | -15.32B | -15.51B | -12.95B | -6.83B | -8.96B | -14.7B | -12.87B | -15.61B |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 14.63B | 21.46B | 11.76B | 9.79B | 8.2B | 12.27B | 6.95B | 13.51B | 9.85B | 7.68B | 8.56B | 5.94B | 6.57B | 9.76B | 9.38B | 9.91B | 11.01B | 11.49B | 9.78B | 13.14B | 10B | 7.55B | 11.44B | 15.43B | 12.7B | 10.37B | 7.62B | 8.3B | 13.13B | 13.64B | 15.3B |
| Other Investing | -16.39B | 116M | 1.27B | -1.37B | -4.37B | 1.82B | 725M | -3.25B | -1.28B | -1.36B | -812M | -481M | 633M | -1.04B | 265M | 1.94B | -322M | -1.87B | 2.45B | -295M | 86M | -49M | -1.41B | -2.17B | -65.63M | -79.75M | 34.05M | 22.17M | 4.45B | 365.35M | -25.66M |
| Cash from Financing | 6.92B | 7.88B | 3.62B | 5.43B | 8.77B | 4.71B | 8.09B | 8.4B | 4.59B | 2.31B | 1.97B | 1.21B | 834M | 2.04B | 2.31B | 2.62B | 2.47B | 5.17B | 431M | 49M | -1.48B | -1.03B | -106.64M | 1.03B | 1.37B | 532.9M | -2.86B | -1.03B | -916.74M | -2.23B | -1.17B |
| Dividends Paid | -411M | -416M | -398M | -387M | -310M | -319M | -311M | -303M | -289M | -262M | -238M | -204M | -170M | -128M | -91M | -61M | -42M | -79M | -430M | -430M | -385M | -255.09M | -249.15M | -240.35M | -234.62M | -230.13M | -222.66M | -218.43M | -209.02M | -201.93M | -191.22M |
| Share Repurchases | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -550M | -1.1B | -275M | -550M | -900M | -725M | -879M | -900M | -650M | -450M | -492M | -575M | -25M | 0 | -476M | -986M | 0 | -194M | -350.23M | 0 | -474.49M | -503.75M | -210.02M | -377.72M | -46.87M | -327.58M | -32.72M |
| Stock Issued | -27M | 825M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 368M | 652M | 49M | 98M | 166M | 91M | 82.03M | 12.7M | 89.11M | 90.26M | 32.74M | 48.01M | 48.75M | 33.2M | -565K |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K |
| Other Financing | 6.77B | 7.28B | 3.88B | 6.36B | 8.53B | 6.03B | 8.42B | 8.8B | 5.13B | 3.23B | 3.21B | 2.22B | 2.07B | 2.23B | 2.91B | 3.58B | 2.82B | 3.6B | 1.09B | 338M | -2.56B | -692M | 316.03M | 1.43B | 2.27B | 1.67B | -2.31B | -1.33B | -1.36B | -1.72B | -1.03B |
| Net Change in Cash | 3.02B | 3.7B | 2.44B | 22M | 731M | 904M | -855M | 218M | 717M | -1.09B | -424M | -773M | 1.55B | -1.87B | -280M | 1.77B | -1.44B | -1.74B | 4.26B | 43M | -691M | 650M | -49.51M | 20.66M | -1.4B | 1.17B | 31.51M | -537.47M | -1.36B | 2.65B | -341.13M |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 7.34B | 5.8B | 3.37B | 3.34B | 2.61B | 1.71B | 2.56B | 2.35B | 1.63B | 2.72B | 3.15B | 3.92B | 2.36B | 4.23B | 4.51B | 2.74B | 4.18B | 5.93B | 1.67B | 1.62B | 2.31B | 1.66B | 1.71B | 1.69B | 3.1B | 1.93B | 1.9B | 2.43B | 3.79B | 1.14B | 1.57B |
| Cash at End | 10.16B | 9.5B | 5.8B | 3.37B | 3.34B | 2.61B | 1.71B | 2.56B | 2.35B | 1.63B | 2.72B | 3.15B | 3.92B | 2.36B | 4.23B | 4.51B | 2.74B | 4.18B | 5.93B | 1.67B | 1.62B | 2.31B | 1.66B | 1.71B | 1.69B | 3.1B | 1.93B | 1.9B | 2.43B | 3.79B | 1.23B |
| Free Cash Flow | -1.33B | -167M | -2.01B | -2.07B | 3.61B | -217M | 534M | -2.69B | 1.94B | 788M | 1.27B | 2.24B | 2.53B | 799M | 1.27B | 1.28B | 1.72B | 937M | 1.26B | 1.96B | 3.05B | 1.21B | 1.11B | 1.04B | 294.56M | 1.25B | 1.99B | 2.33B | 1.25B | 1.1B | 1.3B |
| FCF Growth % | -241.88% | 91.68% | 3.23% | -157.47% | 1763.13% | -140.64% | 119.88% | -238.24% | 146.57% | -38.05% | -43.29% | -11.2% | 216.15% | -37.04% | -0.55% | -25.81% | 83.56% | -25.58% | -35.6% | -35.9% | 152.48% | 8.77% | 6.38% | 254.41% | -76.49% | -36.89% | -14.88% | 86.73% | 13.57% | -15.38% | 9.84% |
| FCF Margin % | -6.86% | -0.92% | -11.16% | -17.71% | 19.07% | -1.23% | 3.04% | -15.57% | 11.83% | 5.53% | 9.54% | 16.53% | 18.59% | 6.68% | 11% | 11.99% | 16.51% | 11.02% | 13.65% | 18.66% | 34.03% | 22.06% | 20.68% | 19.76% | 6.35% | 19.65% | 29% | 34.28% | 20.52% | 22.45% | 27.46% |
| FCF per Share | -6.76 | -0.9 | -11.55 | -12.23 | 20.9 | -1.15 | 2.75 | -13.29 | 8.85 | 3.48 | 5.37 | 8.8 | 9.43 | 2.9 | 4.41 | 4.05 | 5.39 | 3.28 | 4.85 | 7.14 | 11.91 | 6.86 | 6.21 | 5.81 | 1.56 | 6.55 | 10.28 | 11.66 | 6.15 | 5.29 | 6.16 |
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying LNC stock.
Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) generated $-167.0M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) reported negative free cash flow of $167.0M in 2025, indicating capital requirements exceeded cash from operations.
Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) spent $0.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) returned $416.0M to shareholders via cash dividends. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.
Key Metrics
Top Statement Risk
Reserve adequacy uncertainty
Metrics are mathematically derived from official filings.
Underwriting Cash Flow Volatility
LNC's operating cash flow swung from -$1.1B in 2025Q3 to +$1.0B in 2025Q2, per reported figures, indicating significant quarter-to-quarter instability in premium collections versus claims paid.
The erratic OCF pattern, with negative readings in four of the last ten quarters, suggests that underwriting cash generation is not a reliable source of liquidity. This volatility may reflect timing differences in large claim payments or reinsurance recoverables, and it underscores the importance of investment portfolio liquidity in meeting obligations.
Investment Portfolio Cash Flows
LNC's investment purchases outpaced sales by roughly $3.0B in 2026Q2, as per financial statements, indicating a net deployment of cash into the portfolio despite negative operating cash flow.
The consistent pattern of net purchases (except in 2026Q1) suggests LNC is actively reinvesting maturities and new premiums into higher-yielding assets. However, the scale of purchases relative to sales may also indicate a need to maintain portfolio duration and yield in a rising rate environment, which could strain liquidity if operating cash flows remain negative.
Claims Payments Show Spikes
Claims and loss payments spiked to $4.3B in 2025Q3, as reported in cash flow data, up from $1.9B in 2025Q4, suggesting potential volatility in claim settlement patterns.
The wide variation in claims paid—from $0 in 2026Q2 to $4.4B in 2024Q1—may reflect lumpy reinsurance transactions or large individual claims. This irregularity complicates cash flow forecasting and may indicate that LNC's liability duration is shorter than expected, requiring careful asset-liability management.
Dividend Coverage Under Pressure
LNC paid $74M in dividends in 2026Q2 while generating -$558M in operating cash flow, per latest filing, implying dividends were funded by investment sales or other sources.
With OCF negative in several quarters, dividend payments appear to be covered only through portfolio liquidation or external financing. This raises questions about the sustainability of the dividend if operating cash flows do not improve, especially given the need to rebuild regulatory capital.
Earnings Outpace Cash Generation
In 2026Q2, LNC reported net income of $1.3B but negative operating cash flow of -$558M, per financial statements, highlighting a significant divergence between accrual earnings and cash reality.
The negative OCF/NI ratio of -0.42 in 2026Q2 suggests that reported earnings are not being converted into cash, likely due to non-cash items such as reserve releases or DAC amortization. This disconnect warrants scrutiny, as it may indicate that earnings quality is lower than headline numbers suggest.
Cash Flow Obscures Reserve Risks
The cash flow statement shows no explicit reserve strengthening payments, yet prior income statement analysis suggests reserve releases have inflated earnings, per LNC's filings.
While cash flows do not directly reveal reserve adequacy, the pattern of negative OCF alongside positive net income may indicate that cash is being consumed by reserve builds or reinsurance arrangements. Investors should monitor the sustainability of earnings given the potential for future reserve charges, as suggested by historical SGUL issues.