Operating cash flow remains volatile, fluctuating from a peak of $405.8 million in 2025Q3 to $221.4 million in 2026Q1, highlighting a disconnect between accounting net income and realized cash generation.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 1.18B | 1.27B | 1.1B | 758.91M | 802.41M | 771.42M | 554.04M | 477.5M | 454.94M | 379.55M | 329.51M | 381.58M | 232.76M | 336.12M | 226.7M | 122.96M | 159.19M | 227.56M | 241.17M | 386.29M | 393.06M | 406.84M | 367.07M | 281.92M | 180.06M | 52.68M | 64.27M | 63.81M | 56.63M | 50.93M | 90.86M |
| Operating CF Growth % | -37.84% | 15.68% | 44.93% | -5.42% | 4.02% | 39.23% | 16.03% | 4.96% | 19.87% | 15.19% | -13.65% | 63.93% | -30.75% | 48.27% | 84.37% | -22.76% | -30.05% | -5.64% | -37.57% | -1.72% | -3.39% | 10.83% | 30.2% | 56.57% | 241.77% | -18.03% | 0.72% | 12.68% | 11.18% | -43.94% | -47.99% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 21.84% | 23.84% | 22.62% | 17.93% | 22.55% | 22.83% | 18.96% | 16.77% | 17.59% | 15.37% | 14.43% | 17.9% | 11.44% | 17.66% | 13.07% | 7.7% | 10.17% | 15.03% | 15.17% | 20.92% | 21.74% | 24.35% | 23.63% | 21.12% | 15.55% | 5.06% | 6.52% | 6.55% | 6.76% | 6.41% | 11.29% |
| Net Income | 454.18M | 466.41M | 207.01M | 365.24M | 224.89M | 403.84M | 246.35M | 271.62M | 178.94M | 168.83M | 158.5M | 165.86M | 141.83M | 106.42M | 37.96M | 19.86M | 69.32M | 36.4M | 43.76M | 146.5M | 163.57M | 147.45M | 128.64M | 66.34M | 41.14M | 25.69M | 26.54M | 53.72M | 53.6M | 69.6M | 55.6M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 33.15M | 32.67M | 34.8M | 30.04M | 42.34M | 55.11M | 59.35M | 55.2M | 44.87M | 52.1M | 61.67M | 59.69M | 45.35M | 43.46M | 38.69M | 34.65M | 31.77M | 28.59M | 28.55M | 29.14M | 25.68M | 21.38M | 16.73M | 16.2M | 11.95M | 15.25M | 15.25M | 13.04M | 9.3M | 8.1M | 6M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 20.75M | 0 | 22.76M | 18.35M | 18.43M | 15.89M | 16.23M | 19.08M | 19.3M | 31.2M | 30.3M | 23.8M | 18.6M | 19.9M | 6.94M | 7.42M | 12.36M | 11.04M | 17.21M | 20.99M | 14.52M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.31M | -9.06M | -26.66M | 3.21M | -3.83M | -4.8M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 625.39M | 57.82M | 2.25M | 2.52M | 145.22M | 87.41M | -4.7M | -24.35M | 125.26M | 81.25M | 84.27M | 78.89M | 19.24M | 58.13M | -7.34M | 255K | -11.95M | 85.49M | 164.2M | -28.19M | -39.31M | -7.63M | 268.96M | 234.82M | 172.65M | 4.22M | 65.05M | 6.76M | 43.45M | 45.23M | 12.71M |
| Working Capital Changes | 48.34M | 715.4M | 833.06M | 342.77M | 371.54M | 209.18M | 236.81M | 155.94M | 86.57M | 46.17M | -5.23M | 53.34M | 7.75M | 108.21M | 150.44M | 60.77M | 50.38M | 75.1M | 14.12M | 214.64M | 232.42M | 250.43M | -47.26M | -35.45M | -45.69M | 7.52M | -42.56M | -9.72M | -49.72M | -72M | 16.55M |
| Cash from Investing | -1.08B | -1.52B | -947.38M | -686.36M | -734.45M | -618.78M | -688.17M | -543.62M | -435.69M | -332.66M | -320.74M | -391.54M | -169.47M | -391.02M | -202.71M | -143.51M | -123.53M | -205.16M | -147.07M | -164.1M | -341.72M | -374.27M | -303.72M | -254.87M | -280.47M | -109.65M | 85K | -24.58M | 7.52M | -49.57M | -81.62M |
| Capital Expenditures | -36.67M | -38.74M | -30.81M | -22.63M | -26.02M | -22.16M | -22.06M | -30.99M | -16.11M | -14.07M | -18.15M | -16.23M | -15.51M | -14.02M | -12.88M | -11.82M | -6.52M | -8.21M | -8.08M | -14.51M | -18.67M | -9.56M | -11.76M | -9.75M | -11.78M | -6.82M | -12M | -10.91M | -11.16M | -4.05M | -4.59M |
| Acquisitions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.23M | 1.01M | -50.58M | 978K | -12.54M | -980K | 0 | 376K | 14.79M | -407K | -804K | 12.21M | -97K | -6M | -29.28M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Purchase of Investments | -11.74B | -16.98B | -12.44B | -7.04B | -7.26B | -6.7B | -7.8B | -8.06B | -7.35B | -6.53B | -5.59B | -2.86B | -2.45B | -3.25B | -2.72B | -2.1B | -2.84B | -3.25B | -2.92B | -3.01B | -3.22B | -862.28M | -787.1M | -678.34M | -677.45M | -390.18M | -187.47M | -329.34M | -258.06M | -240.86M | -269.71M |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 12.23B | 15.49B | 11.54B | 6.41B | 6.59B | 6.14B | 7.15B | 7.52B | 6.9B | 6.19B | 5.26B | 2.45B | 2.27B | 2.86B | 2.5B | 2.02B | 2.72B | 3.05B | 2.78B | 2.86B | 2.89B | 291.53M | 495.54M | 431.56M | 400.33M | 282.65M | 207.86M | 358.37M | 268.08M | 190.79M | 194.06M |
| Other Investing | -1.54B | 0 | -18.33M | -28.37M | -34.85M | -31.99M | -21.42M | 19.98M | 28.38M | 21.84M | 24.2M | 32.46M | 28.77M | 12.04M | 24.8M | 0 | 0 | 15.04M | 980K | 0 | -376K | 191.25M | 0 | 2.47M | -3.78M | 4.8M | -2.3M | -13.41M | 8.65M | 4.55M | -1.38M |
| Cash from Financing | -201.12M | 207.48M | -102.75M | -84.49M | -87.82M | -122.81M | 141.38M | 57.18M | -47.05M | -39.58M | 15.88M | -13.1M | -39.53M | 54.88M | -24.54M | 20.67M | -35.82M | -25.19M | -83.84M | -220.25M | -47.88M | 48.28M | 12.25M | -30.93M | 100.89M | -21.25M | -17.08M | -40.67M | -39.11M | -7.59M | -22.62M |
| Dividends Paid | -79.82M | -102.08M | -94.14M | -83.03M | -76.12M | -69.49M | -54.49M | -47.67M | -42.1M | -37.05M | -33.76M | -31.05M | -28.43M | -27.42M | -26.94M | -26.51M | -26.06M | -26.3M | -25.8M | -24.46M | -22.83M | -19.91M | -17.33M | -16.69M | -15.6M | -15.17M | -15.34M | -16.36M | -16.26M | -16.4M | -16.27M |
| Share Repurchases | -5.29M | -92.59M | -15.62M | -7.93M | -18.34M | -9.05M | -7.05M | -8.16M | -6.56M | -6.01M | -4.99M | -4.18M | -3.56M | -3.72M | -3.5M | -2.74M | -1.69M | -3.01M | -46.83M | -152.12M | -116.35M | -22.89M | -8.73M | -2.5M | -3.01M | -10.73M | -37.68M | -45.88M | -38.2M | -9.1M | -4.3M |
| Stock Issued | 2.92M | 9.02M | 9.63M | 9.13M | 9.09M | 7.98M | 8.41M | 8.24M | 7.25M | 7.6M | 7.81M | 10.09M | 7.28M | 7.12M | 4.84M | 5.01M | 4.96M | 4.61M | 8.22M | 8.61M | 11.56M | 66K | 0 | 55K | 129K | 15.6M | 46.64M | 9.07M | 16.48M | 13.4M | 8M |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | -373K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -550K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 0 | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -210K | 1000K | -1000K |
| Other Financing | -118.97M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.82M | 1.74M | 1.02M | 1.54M | 1.06M | -90K | -744K | 11.8M | 1.63M | 3.48M | 1.79M | 15.7M | 12.44M | 12.21M | 13.77M | -3.8M | -47.84M | -3.37M | -913K | -12.89M | -2.95M |
| Net Change in Cash | -97.4M | -45.07M | 49.75M | -11.94M | -19.85M | 29.83M | 7.26M | -8.94M | -27.79M | 7.3M | 36.51M | -23.06M | 23.77M | -17K | -552K | 117K | -166K | -2.79M | 10.26M | 1.94M | 3.46M | 80.85M | 75.6M | -3.87M | 478K | -78.22M | 47.27M | -1.44M | 25.04M | -6.22M | -13.38M |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 17.96M | 63.02M | 13.27M | 25.21M | 45.06M | 15.23M | 7.97M | 16.92M | 44.71M | 37.41M | 898K | 23.96M | 193K | 210K | 762K | 645K | 811K | 3.61M | 8.38M | 6.44M | 2.98M | 20.97M | 23.05M | 26.93M | 26.45M | 104.67M | 57.4M | 58.84M | 33.8M | 40.02M | 47.31M |
| Cash at End | 10.89M | 17.96M | 63.02M | 13.27M | 25.21M | 45.06M | 15.23M | 7.97M | 16.92M | 44.71M | 37.41M | 898K | 23.96M | 193K | 210K | 762K | 645K | 811K | 18.64M | 8.38M | 6.44M | 2.98M | 98.66M | 23.05M | 26.93M | 26.45M | 104.67M | 57.4M | 58.84M | 33.8M | 33.92M |
| Free Cash Flow | 1.15B | 1.23B | 1.07B | 736.28M | 776.39M | 749.26M | 531.98M | 446.51M | 438.83M | 365.47M | 311.36M | 365.35M | 217.25M | 322.1M | 213.82M | 111.13M | 152.66M | 219.35M | 233.09M | 371.78M | 374.38M | 397.28M | 355.31M | 272.17M | 168.28M | 45.86M | 52.27M | 52.9M | 45.47M | 46.88M | 86.27M |
| FCF Growth % | -7.05% | 15.38% | 45.2% | -5.17% | 3.62% | 40.84% | 19.14% | 1.75% | 20.07% | 17.38% | -14.78% | 68.17% | -32.55% | 50.64% | 92.4% | -27.2% | -30.4% | -5.89% | -37.3% | -0.7% | -5.76% | 11.81% | 30.55% | 61.73% | 266.96% | -12.26% | -1.2% | 16.35% | -3.01% | -45.66% | -49.76% |
| FCF Margin % | 21.16% | 23.11% | 21.99% | 17.4% | 21.82% | 22.17% | 18.2% | 15.69% | 16.97% | 14.8% | 13.63% | 17.14% | 10.68% | 16.92% | 12.33% | 6.96% | 9.76% | 14.49% | 14.66% | 20.14% | 20.71% | 23.77% | 22.87% | 20.39% | 14.54% | 4.4% | 5.3% | 5.43% | 5.43% | 5.9% | 10.72% |
| FCF per Share | 18.93 | 20.19 | 17.44 | 12.08 | 12.75 | 12.35 | 8.82 | 7.44 | 7.35 | 6.16 | 5.3 | 6.28 | 3.79 | 5.67 | 3.82 | 2.01 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 4.37 | 6.5 | 5.99 | 6.14 | 5.49 | 5.01 | 3.16 | 0.87 | 0.98 | 0.92 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 1.42 |
Social inflation and reserve volatility
As reported in quarterly financial filings, Selective Insurance Group's operating cash flow has fluctuated significantly, reaching a peak of $405.8 million in 2025Q3 before moderating to $221.4 million in 2026Q1, which suggests that the timing of claims payments continues to exert pressure on net float generation.
The wide variance in operating cash flow relative to net income suggests that the company's cash generation is heavily influenced by the timing of loss settlements rather than just underwriting profitability. Investors should monitor whether the recent decline in operating cash flow reflects a structural increase in claim severity or merely the cyclical nature of settlement patterns.
Based on the provided historical data, the company consistently maintains high levels of investment activity, with quarterly purchases reaching as high as $5.7 billion in 2025Q1, indicating a strategy of active portfolio turnover to capture shifting yield environments while managing the duration of its fixed-income assets.
The high volume of purchases and sales relative to the company's market capitalization suggests that management is aggressively repositioning the portfolio to optimize for current interest rate trends. This level of activity may indicate that the company is prioritizing yield enhancement, though it warrants further investigation into the potential for realized gains or losses impacting statutory capital.
According to the provided financial statements, the OCF/NI ratio has exhibited extreme volatility, ranging from a negative 4.20 in 2024Q2 to a positive 4.20 in 2024Q3, which highlights a significant disconnect between accounting net income and the actual cash realized from insurance operations during those periods.
This divergence suggests that non-cash accruals and reserve adjustments are playing a substantial role in reported earnings, potentially masking the underlying cash reality of the underwriting business. The extreme swings in this ratio imply that reliance on net income as a proxy for cash generation may be misleading for investors evaluating the company's true liquidity.
As indicated by recent financial disclosures, Selective Insurance Group has maintained a consistent dividend payout of approximately $23 million to $27 million per quarter, even during periods of negative net income, suggesting a commitment to shareholder returns that is supported by the company's broader liquidity position.
While the dividend appears stable, the company's ability to sustain these payments during periods of underwriting stress warrants careful monitoring of the underlying cash flow. The reliance on portfolio liquidation to fund these returns may become a concern if investment income fails to offset the volatility in underwriting cash generation.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying SIGI stock.
Selective Insurance Group, Inc. (SIGI) generated $1.27B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Selective Insurance Group, Inc. (SIGI) generated $1.23B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Selective Insurance Group, Inc. (SIGI) spent $38.7M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Selective Insurance Group, Inc. (SIGI) returned $102.1M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $92.6M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.