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4 / 10Stock Comparison
AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST
Revenue, margins, valuation, and 5-year total return — side by side.
Financial - Credit Services
Financial - Credit Services
Financial - Credit Services
AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST — Key Financials
Market cap, revenue, margins, and valuation side-by-side.
| Company Snapshot | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | Software - Infrastructure | Financial - Credit Services | Financial - Credit Services | Financial - Credit Services |
| Market Cap | $22.44B | $3.36B | $192M | $2.78B |
| Revenue (TTM) | $3.20B | $450M | $93M | $1.08B |
| Net Income (TTM) | $382M | $148M | $-5M | $49M |
| Gross Margin | 62.6% | 85.4% | 75.5% | 95.2% |
| Operating Margin | 10.2% | 39.3% | 6.4% | 5.1% |
| Forward P/E | 62.5x | 21.2x | 14.9x | 14.7x |
| Total Debt | $7.85B | $141M | $88M | $1.85B |
| Cash & Equiv. | $1.35B | $64M | $177M | $657M |
AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST — Long-Term Stock Performance
Price return indexed to 100 at period start. Dividends excluded.
| Stock | Jan 21 | May 26 | Return |
|---|---|---|---|
| Affirm Holdings, In… (AFRM) | 100 | 67.6 | -32.4% |
| Sezzle Inc. (SEZL) | 100 | 175.1 | +75.1% |
| Open Lending Corpor… (LPRO) | 100 | 4.5 | -95.5% |
| Upstart Holdings, I… (UPST) | 100 | 46.6 | -53.4% |
Price return only. Dividends and distributions are not included.
Quick Verdict: AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST
Each card shows where this stock fits in a portfolio — not just who wins on paper.
AFRM lags the leaders in this set but could rank higher in a more targeted comparison.
SEZL carries the broadest edge in this set and is the clearest fit for long-term compounding.
- 6.9% 10Y total return vs UPST's -1.6%
- 29.6% margin vs LPRO's -4.5%
- +89.2% vs UPST's -37.6%
- 37.7% ROA vs LPRO's -2.0%, ROIC 52.7% vs 2.3%
LPRO is the #2 pick in this set and the best alternative if income & stability and growth exposure is your priority.
- Dividend streak 2 yrs, beta 2.27
- Rev growth 288.0%, EPS growth 96.8%
- Lower volatility, beta 2.27, current ratio 4.52x
- Beta 2.27, current ratio 4.52x
UPST is the clearest fit if your priority is value.
- Lower P/E (14.7x vs 62.5x)
See the full category breakdown
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | 288.0% NII/revenue growth vs AFRM's 38.8% | |
| Value | Lower P/E (14.7x vs 62.5x) | |
| Quality / Margins | 29.6% margin vs LPRO's -4.5% | |
| Stability / Safety | Beta 2.27 vs UPST's 2.96, lower leverage | |
| Dividends | Tie | None of these 4 stocks pay a meaningful dividend |
| Momentum (1Y) | +89.2% vs UPST's -37.6% | |
| Efficiency (ROA) | 37.7% ROA vs LPRO's -2.0%, ROIC 52.7% vs 2.3% |
AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST — Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST — Financial Metrics
Side-by-side numbers across 4 stocks — who leads on profitability, valuation, growth, and risk.
Who Leads Where
SEZL leads in 3 of 6 categories
LPRO leads 1 • AFRM leads 0 • UPST leads 0 • 1 tied
Explore the data ↓Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
SEZL leads this category, winning 4 of 5 comparable metrics.
Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
AFRM is the larger business by revenue, generating $3.2B annually — 34.3x LPRO's $93M. SEZL is the more profitable business, keeping 29.6% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to LPRO's -4.5%.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $3.2B | $450M | $93M | $1.1B |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | $533M | $197M | -$5M | $68M |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | $382M | $148M | -$5M | $49M |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | $787M | $238M | -$425,000 | -$146M |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | +62.6% | +85.4% | +75.5% | +95.2% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | +10.2% | +39.3% | +6.4% | +5.1% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | +11.9% | +29.6% | -4.5% | +5.0% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | +24.6% | +46.3% | -3.5% | -15.4% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | -65.8% | — | — | — |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | — | +47.0% | — | -169.2% |
Valuation Metrics
LPRO leads this category, winning 4 of 6 comparable metrics.
Valuation Metrics
At 26.8x trailing earnings, SEZL trades at a 94% valuation discount to AFRM's 449.1x P/E. On an enterprise value basis, LPRO's 12.2x EV/EBITDA is more attractive than AFRM's 210.0x.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $22.4B | $3.4B | $192M | $2.8B |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $28.9B | $3.4B | $103M | $4.0B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | 449.07x | 26.83x | -45.38x | 64.44x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 62.49x | 21.25x | 14.92x | 14.69x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | — | — | — | 4.49x |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | 209.99x | 19.27x | 12.25x | 50.13x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | 6.96x | 7.45x | 2.05x | 2.58x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 7.48x | 21.01x | 2.56x | 3.90x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | 37.29x | 16.11x | — | — |
Profitability & Efficiency
SEZL leads this category, winning 7 of 9 comparable metrics.
Profitability & Efficiency
SEZL delivers a 90.9% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $91 in annual profit, vs $-7 for LPRO. SEZL carries lower financial leverage with a 0.83x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to AFRM's 2.56x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), SEZL scores 9/9 vs UPST's 5/9, reflecting strong financial health.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | +11.2% | +90.9% | -7.0% | +6.6% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | +3.1% | +37.7% | -2.0% | +1.7% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | -0.7% | +52.7% | +2.3% | +1.7% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | -0.9% | +70.3% | +2.7% | +2.4% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 5 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 2.56x | 0.83x | 1.17x | 2.32x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | $6.5B | $77M | -$89M | $1.2B |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $1.4B | $64M | $177M | $657M |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $7.9B | $141M | $88M | $1.9B |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | 1.88x | 23.74x | -0.56x | 1.66x |
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
SEZL leads this category, winning 6 of 6 comparable metrics.
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
A $10,000 investment in SEZL five years ago would be worth $21,738 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $422 for LPRO. Over the past 12 months, SEZL leads with a +89.2% total return vs UPST's -37.6%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors SEZL at 2.1% vs LPRO's -39.8% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | -9.0% | +53.2% | +3.8% | -36.7% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | +30.7% | +89.2% | +4.5% | -37.6% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +464.2% | +2962.0% | -78.2% | +116.7% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +24.7% | +117.4% | -95.8% | -69.8% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -30.7% | +687.8% | -83.2% | -1.6% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | +78.0% | +2.1% | -39.8% | +29.4% |
Risk & Volatility
Evenly matched — AFRM and LPRO each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Risk & Volatility
LPRO is the less volatile stock with a 2.27 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than UPST's 2.96 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. AFRM currently trades 67.4% from its 52-week high vs UPST's 33.2% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | 2.72x | 2.39x | 2.27x | 2.96x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $100.00 | $186.74 | $2.70 | $87.30 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $42.09 | $49.50 | $1.17 | $23.96 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +67.4% | +53.5% | +60.0% | +33.2% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 63.1 | 61.9 | 57.1 | 42.7 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 5.3M | 808K | 582K | 4.8M |
Analyst Outlook
Insufficient data to determine a leader in this category.
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: AFRM as "Buy", SEZL as "Buy", LPRO as "Hold", UPST as "Buy". Consensus price targets imply 146.9% upside for LPRO (target: $4) vs -14.8% for SEZL (target: $85).
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Buy | Buy | Hold | Buy |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $80.77 | $85.00 | $4.00 | $45.17 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 33 | 5 | 12 | 22 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | — | — | 2 | — |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | — | — | — | — |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | +1.1% | +1.9% | +2.6% | 0.0% |
SEZL leads in 3 of 6 categories (Income & Cash Flow, Profitability & Efficiency). LPRO leads in 1 (Valuation Metrics). 1 tied.
AFRM vs SEZL vs LPRO vs UPST: Key Questions Answered
10 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST a better buy right now?
For growth investors, Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) is the stronger pick with 288.
0% revenue growth year-over-year, versus 38. 8% for Affirm Holdings, Inc. (AFRM). Sezzle Inc. (SEZL) offers the better valuation at 26. 8x trailing P/E (21. 2x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate Affirm Holdings, Inc. (AFRM) a "Buy" — based on 33 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST?
On trailing P/E, Sezzle Inc.
(SEZL) is the cheapest at 26. 8x versus Affirm Holdings, Inc. at 449. 1x. On forward P/E, Upstart Holdings, Inc. is actually cheaper at 14. 7x — notably different from the trailing picture, reflecting expected earnings growth.
03Which is the better long-term investment — AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST?
Over the past 5 years, Sezzle Inc.
(SEZL) delivered a total return of +117. 4%, compared to -95. 8% for Open Lending Corporation (LPRO). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: SEZL returned +687. 8% versus LPRO's -83. 2%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) is the lower-risk stock at 2.
27β versus Upstart Holdings, Inc. 's 2. 96β — meaning UPST is approximately 30% more volatile than LPRO relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, Sezzle Inc. (SEZL) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 83% versus 3% for Affirm Holdings, Inc. — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which is growing faster — AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST?
By revenue growth (latest reported year), Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) is pulling ahead at 288.
0% versus 38. 8% for Affirm Holdings, Inc. (AFRM). On earnings-per-share growth, the picture is similar: Upstart Holdings, Inc. grew EPS 131. 3% year-over-year, compared to 69. 9% for Sezzle Inc.. Higher growth typically commands a higher valuation multiple — check whether the premium P/E or P/S is justified by the growth rate using the PEG ratio.
06Which has better profit margins — AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST?
Sezzle Inc.
(SEZL) is the more profitable company, earning 29. 6% net margin versus -4. 5% for Open Lending Corporation — meaning it keeps 29. 6% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: SEZL leads at 39. 3% versus -2. 7% for AFRM. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — UPST leads at 95. 2%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
07Is AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST more undervalued right now?
On forward earnings alone, Upstart Holdings, Inc.
(UPST) trades at 14. 7x forward P/E versus 62. 5x for Affirm Holdings, Inc. — 47. 8x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for LPRO: 146. 9% to $4. 00.
08Which pays a better dividend — AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST?
None of the stocks in this comparison currently pay a material dividend.
All are effectively zero-yield and should be held for capital appreciation rather than income.
09Is AFRM or SEZL or LPRO or UPST better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, Sezzle Inc.
(SEZL) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding (+687. 8% 10Y return). Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) carries a higher beta of 2. 27 — meaning larger drawdowns in market downturns, which matters significantly when you cannot wait years for a recovery. Both have compounded well over 10 years (SEZL: +687. 8%, LPRO: -83. 2%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
10What are the main differences between AFRM and SEZL and LPRO and UPST?
These companies operate in different sectors (AFRM (Technology) and SEZL (Financial Services) and LPRO (Financial Services) and UPST (Financial Services)), which means they face different economic cycles, regulatory environments, and macro sensitivities — making direct comparison nuanced.
These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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