Insurance - Life
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5 / 10Stock Comparison
LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG
Revenue, margins, valuation, and 5-year total return — side by side.
Insurance - Life
Insurance - Life
Insurance - Life
Insurance - Diversified
LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG — Key Financials
Market cap, revenue, margins, and valuation side-by-side.
| Company Snapshot | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | Insurance - Life | Insurance - Life | Insurance - Life | Insurance - Life | Insurance - Diversified |
| Market Cap | $6.40B | $34.89B | $52.79B | $13.05B | $21.86B |
| Revenue (TTM) | $18.46B | $60.97B | $70.76B | $13.30B | $15.63B |
| Net Income (TTM) | $2.11B | $3.58B | $3.84B | $781M | $1.19B |
| Gross Margin | 26.0% | 31.1% | 24.1% | 33.9% | 45.2% |
| Operating Margin | 13.7% | 7.6% | 7.0% | 7.5% | 9.1% |
| Forward P/E | 4.9x | 7.4x | 8.2x | 9.2x | 10.8x |
| Total Debt | $6.36B | $33.28B | $18.71B | $3.90B | $4.20B |
| Cash & Equiv. | $5.80B | $19.71B | $20.07B | $158M | $4.43B |
LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG — Long-Term Stock Performance
Price return indexed to 100 at period start. Dividends excluded.
| Stock | May 20 | May 26 | Return |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lincoln National Co… (LNC) | 100 | 99.2 | -0.8% |
| Prudential Financia… (PRU) | 100 | 164.3 | +64.3% |
| MetLife, Inc. (MET) | 100 | 222.6 | +122.6% |
| Unum Group (UNM) | 100 | 529.8 | +429.8% |
| Principal Financial… (PFG) | 100 | 261.3 | +161.3% |
Price return only. Dividends and distributions are not included.
Quick Verdict: LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG
Each card shows where this stock fits in a portfolio — not just who wins on paper.
LNC carries the broadest edge in this set and is the clearest fit for growth exposure and valuation efficiency.
- Rev growth 53.6%, EPS growth 474.2%, 3Y rev CAGR 0.7%
- PEG 0.15 vs PFG's 13.90
- Beta 1.34, yield 4.7%, current ratio 3.22x
- 53.6% revenue growth vs PRU's -14.0%
PRU ranks third and is worth considering specifically for income & stability.
- Dividend streak 8 yrs, beta 0.97, yield 5.5%
- 5.5% yield, 8-year raise streak, vs UNM's 2.2%
Among these 5 stocks, MET doesn't own a clear edge in any measured category.
UNM is the #2 pick in this set and the best alternative if sleep-well-at-night is your priority.
- Lower volatility, beta 0.48, Low D/E 35.1%
- Beta 0.48 vs LNC's 1.34, lower leverage
- 1.6% ROA vs PFG's 0.4%, ROIC 4.7% vs 9.0%
PFG is the clearest fit if your priority is long-term compounding.
- 195.4% 10Y total return vs UNM's 179.0%
- +35.8% vs PRU's +3.0%
See the full category breakdown
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | 53.6% revenue growth vs PRU's -14.0% | |
| Value | Lower P/E (4.9x vs 10.8x), PEG 0.15 vs 13.90 | |
| Quality / Margins | Combined ratio 0.8 vs UNM's 0.9 (lower = better underwriting) | |
| Stability / Safety | Beta 0.48 vs LNC's 1.34, lower leverage | |
| Dividends | 5.5% yield, 8-year raise streak, vs UNM's 2.2% | |
| Momentum (1Y) | +35.8% vs PRU's +3.0% | |
| Efficiency (ROA) | 1.6% ROA vs PFG's 0.4%, ROIC 4.7% vs 9.0% |
LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG — Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG — Financial Metrics
Side-by-side numbers across 5 stocks — who leads on profitability, valuation, growth, and risk.
Who Leads Where
LNC leads in 1 of 6 categories
UNM leads 1 • PFG leads 1 • PRU leads 0 • MET leads 0 • 3 tied
Explore the data ↓Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
Evenly matched — LNC and PRU and PFG each lead in 2 of 6 comparable metrics.
Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
MET is the larger business by revenue, generating $70.8B annually — 5.3x UNM's $13.3B. LNC is the more profitable business, keeping 11.4% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to MET's 5.4%. On growth, PRU holds the edge at +24.0% YoY revenue growth, suggesting stronger near-term business momentum.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $18.5B | $61.0B | $70.8B | $13.3B | $15.6B |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | $2.8B | $4.8B | $6.0B | $1.1B | $1.4B |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | $2.1B | $3.6B | $3.8B | $781M | $1.2B |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | -$178M | $6.3B | $15.1B | $539M | $4.4B |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | +26.0% | +31.1% | +24.1% | +33.9% | +45.2% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | +13.7% | +7.6% | +7.0% | +7.5% | +9.1% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | +11.4% | +5.9% | +5.4% | +5.9% | +7.6% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | -1.0% | +10.3% | +21.4% | +4.1% | +28.4% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | +9.4% | +24.0% | -7.7% | +9.0% | -3.7% |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | +164.4% | +17.2% | -32.6% | +33.0% | -40.8% |
Valuation Metrics
LNC leads this category, winning 6 of 7 comparable metrics.
Valuation Metrics
At 2.0x trailing earnings, LNC trades at a 89% valuation discount to PFG's 19.2x P/E. Adjusting for growth (PEG ratio), LNC offers better value at 0.06x vs PFG's 13.90x — a lower PEG means you pay less per unit of expected earnings growth.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $6.4B | $34.9B | $52.8B | $13.1B | $21.9B |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $7.0B | $48.5B | $51.4B | $16.8B | $21.6B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | 2.04x | 9.81x | 13.45x | 18.89x | 19.21x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 4.88x | 7.41x | 8.16x | 9.24x | 10.84x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | 0.06x | — | — | 9.79x | 13.90x |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | 1.69x | 9.86x | 8.12x | 15.90x | 12.97x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | 0.36x | 0.57x | 0.75x | 1.00x | 1.40x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 0.79x | 0.99x | 2.05x | 1.26x | 1.84x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | — | 5.56x | 3.49x | 23.50x | 4.92x |
Profitability & Efficiency
UNM leads this category, winning 3 of 9 comparable metrics.
Profitability & Efficiency
LNC delivers a 20.2% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $20 in annual profit, vs $7 for UNM. PFG carries lower financial leverage with a 0.34x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to PRU's 0.94x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), MET scores 7/9 vs UNM's 5/9, reflecting strong financial health.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | +20.2% | +10.5% | +13.2% | +7.1% | +9.9% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | +0.5% | +0.5% | +0.5% | +1.6% | +0.4% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | +32.7% | +8.7% | +15.4% | +4.7% | +9.0% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | +1.1% | +0.6% | +0.8% | +1.5% | +0.4% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 6 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 0.77x | 0.94x | 0.68x | 0.35x | 0.34x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | $554M | $13.6B | -$1.4B | $3.7B | -$227M |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $5.8B | $19.7B | $20.1B | $158M | $4.4B |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $6.4B | $33.3B | $18.7B | $3.9B | $4.2B |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | 11.43x | 8.74x | 5.66x | 5.48x | 644.64x |
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
PFG leads this category, winning 3 of 6 comparable metrics.
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
A $10,000 investment in UNM five years ago would be worth $29,963 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $7,007 for LNC. Over the past 12 months, PFG leads with a +35.8% total return vs PRU's +3.0%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors LNC at 28.0% vs PRU's 12.2% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | -14.6% | -10.7% | +0.2% | +5.9% | +13.7% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | +19.5% | +3.0% | +6.1% | +5.1% | +35.8% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +109.9% | +41.4% | +58.1% | +94.2% | +53.2% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -29.9% | +20.5% | +38.1% | +199.6% | +74.5% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +30.6% | +89.6% | +158.4% | +179.0% | +195.4% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | +28.0% | +12.2% | +16.5% | +24.8% | +15.3% |
Risk & Volatility
Evenly matched — UNM and PFG each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Risk & Volatility
UNM is the less volatile stock with a 0.48 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than LNC's 1.34 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. PFG currently trades 99.0% from its 52-week high vs LNC's 80.2% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | 1.34x | 0.97x | 1.09x | 0.48x | 1.00x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $46.82 | $119.76 | $83.64 | $83.13 | $101.90 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $31.61 | $91.89 | $67.33 | $68.28 | $75.00 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +80.2% | +83.7% | +95.5% | +97.2% | +99.0% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 53.9 | 51.1 | 63.2 | 62.3 | 64.3 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 2.1M | 2.2M | 3.5M | 1.5M | 1.5M |
Analyst Outlook
Evenly matched — PRU and UNM each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: LNC as "Hold", PRU as "Hold", MET as "Buy", UNM as "Hold", PFG as "Hold". Consensus price targets imply 21.2% upside for UNM (target: $98) vs -6.3% for PFG (target: $95). For income investors, PRU offers the higher dividend yield at 5.49% vs UNM's 2.19%.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Hold | Hold | Buy | Hold | Hold |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $43.50 | $104.13 | $96.50 | $98.00 | $94.50 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 28 | 37 | 33 | 30 | 25 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | +4.7% | +5.5% | +2.7% | +2.2% | +3.0% |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | 0 | 8 | 12 | 20 | 17 |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | $1.77 | $5.50 | $2.15 | $1.77 | $3.03 |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | 0.0% | +2.9% | +6.1% | +7.7% | +4.1% |
LNC leads in 1 of 6 categories (Valuation Metrics). UNM leads in 1 (Profitability & Efficiency). 3 tied.
LNC vs PRU vs MET vs UNM vs PFG: Key Questions Answered
10 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG a better buy right now?
For growth investors, Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) is the stronger pick with 53.
6% revenue growth year-over-year, versus -14. 0% for Prudential Financial, Inc. (PRU). Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) offers the better valuation at 2. 0x trailing P/E (4. 9x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate MetLife, Inc. (MET) a "Buy" — based on 33 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG?
On trailing P/E, Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) is the cheapest at 2.
0x versus Principal Financial Group, Inc. at 19. 2x. On forward P/E, Lincoln National Corporation is actually cheaper at 4. 9x. The PEG ratio (P/E divided by earnings growth rate) is the most growth-adjusted single valuation metric: Lincoln National Corporation wins at 0. 15x versus Principal Financial Group, Inc. 's 13. 90x — a PEG below 1. 0 traditionally signals the market is underpricing earnings growth.
03Which is the better long-term investment — LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG?
Over the past 5 years, Unum Group (UNM) delivered a total return of +199.
6%, compared to -29. 9% for Lincoln National Corporation (LNC). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: PFG returned +195. 4% versus LNC's +30. 6%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), Unum Group (UNM) is the lower-risk stock at 0.
48β versus Lincoln National Corporation's 1. 34β — meaning LNC is approximately 179% more volatile than UNM relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, Principal Financial Group, Inc. (PFG) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 34% versus 94% for Prudential Financial, Inc. — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which is growing faster — LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG?
By revenue growth (latest reported year), Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) is pulling ahead at 53.
6% versus -14. 0% for Prudential Financial, Inc. (PRU). On earnings-per-share growth, the picture is similar: Lincoln National Corporation grew EPS 474. 2% year-over-year, compared to -54. 8% for Unum Group. Over a 3-year CAGR, MET leads at 3. 3% annualised revenue growth. Higher growth typically commands a higher valuation multiple — check whether the premium P/E or P/S is justified by the growth rate using the PEG ratio.
06Which has better profit margins — LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG?
Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) is the more profitable company, earning 18.
2% net margin versus 5. 7% for Unum Group — meaning it keeps 18. 2% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: LNC leads at 22. 4% versus 7. 2% for UNM. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — PFG leads at 45. 2%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
07Is LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG more undervalued right now?
The PEG ratio (forward P/E divided by expected earnings growth rate) is the most precise measure of undervaluation relative to growth potential.
By this metric, Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) is the more undervalued stock at a PEG of 0. 15x versus Principal Financial Group, Inc. 's 13. 90x. A PEG below 1. 0 is traditionally considered the threshold for growth-adjusted undervaluation. On forward earnings alone, Lincoln National Corporation (LNC) trades at 4. 9x forward P/E versus 10. 8x for Principal Financial Group, Inc. — 6. 0x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for UNM: 21. 2% to $98. 00.
08Which pays a better dividend — LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG?
All stocks in this comparison pay dividends.
Prudential Financial, Inc. (PRU) offers the highest yield at 5. 5%, versus 2. 2% for Unum Group (UNM).
09Is LNC or PRU or MET or UNM or PFG better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, Unum Group (UNM) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding (low volatility (β 0.
48), 2. 2% yield, +179. 0% 10Y return). Both have compounded well over 10 years (UNM: +179. 0%, LNC: +30. 6%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
10What are the main differences between LNC and PRU and MET and UNM and PFG?
Both stocks operate in the Financial Services sector, making this a peer-level intra-sector comparison — the same macro tailwinds and headwinds will affect both.
In terms of investment character: LNC is a small-cap high-growth stock; PRU is a mid-cap deep-value stock; MET is a mid-cap deep-value stock; UNM is a mid-cap quality compounder stock; PFG is a mid-cap income-oriented stock. These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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