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LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST
Revenue, margins, valuation, and 5-year total return — side by side.
Software - Infrastructure
Financial - Conglomerates
Financial - Credit Services
LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST — Key Financials
Market cap, revenue, margins, and valuation side-by-side.
| Company Snapshot | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | Financial - Credit Services | Software - Infrastructure | Financial - Conglomerates | Financial - Credit Services |
| Market Cap | $192M | $22.44B | $552M | $2.78B |
| Revenue (TTM) | $93M | $3.20B | $1.12B | $1.08B |
| Net Income (TTM) | $-5M | $382M | $181M | $49M |
| Gross Margin | 75.5% | 62.6% | 94.3% | 95.2% |
| Operating Margin | 6.4% | 10.2% | 7.3% | 5.1% |
| Forward P/E | 14.9x | 62.5x | 7.1x | 14.7x |
| Total Debt | $88M | $7.85B | $435M | $1.85B |
| Cash & Equiv. | $177M | $1.35B | $81M | $657M |
LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST — Long-Term Stock Performance
Price return indexed to 100 at period start. Dividends excluded.
| Stock | Jan 21 | May 26 | Return |
|---|---|---|---|
| Open Lending Corpor… (LPRO) | 100 | 4.5 | -95.5% |
| Affirm Holdings, In… (AFRM) | 100 | 67.6 | -32.4% |
| LendingTree, Inc. (TREE) | 100 | 12.2 | -87.8% |
| Upstart Holdings, I… (UPST) | 100 | 46.6 | -53.4% |
Price return only. Dividends and distributions are not included.
Quick Verdict: LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST
Each card shows where this stock fits in a portfolio — not just who wins on paper.
LPRO is the #2 pick in this set and the best alternative if income & stability and sleep-well-at-night is your priority.
- Dividend streak 2 yrs, beta 2.27
- Lower volatility, beta 2.27, current ratio 4.52x
- Beta 2.27, current ratio 4.52x
- 288.0% NII/revenue growth vs TREE's 24.1%
AFRM is the clearest fit if your priority is momentum.
- +30.7% vs UPST's -37.6%
TREE carries the broadest edge in this set and is the clearest fit for value and quality.
- Lower P/E (7.1x vs 14.7x)
- 13.5% margin vs LPRO's -4.5%
- Beta 1.55 vs UPST's 2.96, lower leverage
- 21.8% ROA vs LPRO's -2.0%, ROIC 9.0% vs 2.3%
UPST is the clearest fit if your priority is growth exposure and long-term compounding.
- Rev growth 58.9%, EPS growth 131.3%
- -1.6% 10Y total return vs AFRM's -30.7%
See the full category breakdown
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | 288.0% NII/revenue growth vs TREE's 24.1% | |
| Value | Lower P/E (7.1x vs 14.7x) | |
| Quality / Margins | 13.5% margin vs LPRO's -4.5% | |
| Stability / Safety | Beta 1.55 vs UPST's 2.96, lower leverage | |
| Dividends | Tie | None of these 4 stocks pay a meaningful dividend |
| Momentum (1Y) | +30.7% vs UPST's -37.6% | |
| Efficiency (ROA) | 21.8% ROA vs LPRO's -2.0%, ROIC 9.0% vs 2.3% |
LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST — Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST — Financial Metrics
Side-by-side numbers across 4 stocks — who leads on profitability, valuation, growth, and risk.
Who Leads Where
TREE leads in 2 of 6 categories
AFRM leads 1 • LPRO leads 1 • UPST leads 0 • 2 tied
Explore the data ↓Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
Evenly matched — AFRM and TREE each lead in 2 of 5 comparable metrics.
Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
AFRM is the larger business by revenue, generating $3.2B annually — 34.3x LPRO's $93M. TREE is the more profitable business, keeping 13.5% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to LPRO's -4.5%.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $93M | $3.2B | $1.1B | $1.1B |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | -$5M | $533M | $120M | $68M |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | -$5M | $382M | $181M | $49M |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | -$425,000 | $787M | $73M | -$146M |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | +75.5% | +62.6% | +94.3% | +95.2% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | +6.4% | +10.2% | +7.3% | +5.1% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | -4.5% | +11.9% | +13.5% | +5.0% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | -3.5% | +24.6% | +5.4% | -15.4% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | — | -65.8% | — | — |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | — | — | +2.3% | -169.2% |
Valuation Metrics
TREE leads this category, winning 5 of 6 comparable metrics.
Valuation Metrics
At 3.7x trailing earnings, TREE trades at a 99% valuation discount to AFRM's 449.1x P/E. On an enterprise value basis, TREE's 8.7x EV/EBITDA is more attractive than AFRM's 210.0x.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $192M | $22.4B | $552M | $2.8B |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $103M | $28.9B | $906M | $4.0B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | -45.38x | 449.07x | 3.69x | 64.44x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 14.92x | 62.49x | 7.11x | 14.69x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | — | — | — | 4.49x |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | 12.25x | 209.99x | 8.73x | 50.13x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | 2.05x | 6.96x | 0.49x | 2.58x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 2.56x | 7.48x | 1.95x | 3.90x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | — | 37.29x | 9.09x | — |
Profitability & Efficiency
TREE leads this category, winning 6 of 9 comparable metrics.
Profitability & Efficiency
TREE delivers a 86.0% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $86 in annual profit, vs $-7 for LPRO. LPRO carries lower financial leverage with a 1.17x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to AFRM's 2.56x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), LPRO scores 6/9 vs UPST's 5/9, reflecting solid financial health.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | -7.0% | +11.2% | +86.0% | +6.6% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | -2.0% | +3.1% | +21.8% | +1.7% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | +2.3% | -0.7% | +9.0% | +1.7% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | +2.7% | -0.9% | +13.2% | +2.4% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 1.17x | 2.56x | 1.52x | 2.32x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | -$89M | $6.5B | $354M | $1.2B |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $177M | $1.4B | $81M | $657M |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $88M | $7.9B | $435M | $1.9B |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | -0.56x | 1.88x | 4.45x | 1.66x |
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
AFRM leads this category, winning 4 of 6 comparable metrics.
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
A $10,000 investment in AFRM five years ago would be worth $12,474 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $422 for LPRO. Over the past 12 months, AFRM leads with a +30.7% total return vs UPST's -37.6%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors AFRM at 78.0% vs LPRO's -39.8% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | +3.8% | -9.0% | -22.7% | -36.7% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | +4.5% | +30.7% | +6.1% | -37.6% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -78.2% | +464.2% | +112.0% | +116.7% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -95.8% | +24.7% | -78.7% | -69.8% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -83.2% | -30.7% | -45.7% | -1.6% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | -39.8% | +78.0% | +28.5% | +29.4% |
Risk & Volatility
Evenly matched — AFRM and TREE each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Risk & Volatility
TREE is the less volatile stock with a 1.55 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than UPST's 2.96 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. AFRM currently trades 67.4% from its 52-week high vs UPST's 33.2% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | 2.27x | 2.72x | 1.55x | 2.96x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $2.70 | $100.00 | $77.35 | $87.30 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $1.17 | $42.09 | $32.65 | $23.96 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +60.0% | +67.4% | +51.5% | +33.2% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 57.1 | 63.1 | 39.3 | 42.7 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 582K | 5.3M | 326K | 4.8M |
Analyst Outlook
LPRO leads this category, winning 1 of 1 comparable metric.
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: LPRO as "Hold", AFRM as "Buy", TREE as "Buy", UPST as "Buy". Consensus price targets imply 146.9% upside for LPRO (target: $4) vs 19.9% for AFRM (target: $81).
| Metric | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Hold | Buy | Buy | Buy |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $4.00 | $80.77 | $69.00 | $45.17 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 12 | 33 | 23 | 22 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | 2 | — | 0 | — |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | — | — | — | — |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | +2.6% | +1.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
TREE leads in 2 of 6 categories (Valuation Metrics, Profitability & Efficiency). AFRM leads in 1 (Total Returns). 2 tied.
LPRO vs AFRM vs TREE vs UPST: Key Questions Answered
10 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST a better buy right now?
For growth investors, Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) is the stronger pick with 288.
0% revenue growth year-over-year, versus 24. 1% for LendingTree, Inc. (TREE). LendingTree, Inc. (TREE) offers the better valuation at 3. 7x trailing P/E (7. 1x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate Affirm Holdings, Inc. (AFRM) a "Buy" — based on 33 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST?
On trailing P/E, LendingTree, Inc.
(TREE) is the cheapest at 3. 7x versus Affirm Holdings, Inc. at 449. 1x. On forward P/E, LendingTree, Inc. is actually cheaper at 7. 1x.
03Which is the better long-term investment — LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST?
Over the past 5 years, Affirm Holdings, Inc.
(AFRM) delivered a total return of +24. 7%, compared to -95. 8% for Open Lending Corporation (LPRO). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: UPST returned -1. 6% versus LPRO's -83. 2%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), LendingTree, Inc.
(TREE) is the lower-risk stock at 1. 55β versus Upstart Holdings, Inc. 's 2. 96β — meaning UPST is approximately 91% more volatile than TREE relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 117% versus 3% for Affirm Holdings, Inc. — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which is growing faster — LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST?
By revenue growth (latest reported year), Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) is pulling ahead at 288.
0% versus 24. 1% for LendingTree, Inc. (TREE). On earnings-per-share growth, the picture is similar: LendingTree, Inc. grew EPS 443. 3% year-over-year, compared to 96. 8% for Open Lending Corporation. Higher growth typically commands a higher valuation multiple — check whether the premium P/E or P/S is justified by the growth rate using the PEG ratio.
06Which has better profit margins — LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST?
LendingTree, Inc.
(TREE) is the more profitable company, earning 13. 5% net margin versus -4. 5% for Open Lending Corporation — meaning it keeps 13. 5% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: TREE leads at 7. 3% versus -2. 7% for AFRM. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — UPST leads at 95. 2%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
07Is LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST more undervalued right now?
On forward earnings alone, LendingTree, Inc.
(TREE) trades at 7. 1x forward P/E versus 62. 5x for Affirm Holdings, Inc. — 55. 4x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for LPRO: 146. 9% to $4. 00.
08Which pays a better dividend — LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST?
None of the stocks in this comparison currently pay a material dividend.
All are effectively zero-yield and should be held for capital appreciation rather than income.
09Is LPRO or AFRM or TREE or UPST better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, LendingTree, Inc.
(TREE) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding. Open Lending Corporation (LPRO) carries a higher beta of 2. 27 — meaning larger drawdowns in market downturns, which matters significantly when you cannot wait years for a recovery. Both have compounded well over 10 years (TREE: -45. 7%, LPRO: -83. 2%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
10What are the main differences between LPRO and AFRM and TREE and UPST?
These companies operate in different sectors (LPRO (Financial Services) and AFRM (Technology) and TREE (Financial Services) and UPST (Financial Services)), which means they face different economic cycles, regulatory environments, and macro sensitivities — making direct comparison nuanced.
These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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