Operating cash flow remains robust, peaking at $2.2 billion in 2025Q3, which facilitates an active capital return strategy evidenced by $800 million in quarterly buybacks.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 5.9B | 6.17B | 6.67B | 5.75B | 3.82B | 3.43B | 2.89B | 2.05B | 1.56B | 1.11B | 1.4B | 997.91M | 1.04B | 850.87M | 921.6M | 866.11M | 802.07M | 992.65M | 1.14B | 1.44B | 1.61B | 1.45B | 1.79B | 1.61B | 669.05M | -5.63M | 2.63M | 7.55M | 68.51M | 49.04M | 30.99M |
| Operating CF Growth % | -46.89% | -7.51% | 16.07% | 50.66% | 11.33% | 18.74% | 40.91% | 31.37% | 40.15% | -20.34% | 39.96% | -3.78% | 21.89% | -7.68% | 6.41% | 7.98% | -19.2% | -12.86% | -20.7% | -10.72% | 10.81% | -18.72% | 10.78% | 141.02% | 11985.81% | -314.11% | -65.16% | -88.98% | 39.7% | 58.24% | 31089% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 29.96% | 30.97% | 38.26% | 43.25% | 39.52% | 38.41% | 34.81% | 30.21% | 28.48% | 20.72% | 31.37% | 25.09% | 25.59% | 24.46% | 27.27% | 28.03% | 24.97% | 28.35% | 38.39% | 41.61% | 46.6% | 45.84% | 57.55% | 68.8% | 92.7% | -7.36% | 2.06% | 2.16% | 27.72% | 40.54% | 61.73% |
| Net Income | 4.87B | 4.4B | 4.31B | 4.44B | 1.48B | 2.24B | 1.47B | 1.69B | 727.82M | 629.71M | 824.18M | 526.58M | 821.26M | 709.73M | 593.4M | 436.36M | 842.59M | 876.95M | 290.97M | 857.94M | 713.21M | 256.49M | 316.9M | 280.59M | 58.98M | 22.02M | -8.74M | -32.1M | 3.1M | 2M | 4.1M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 174M | 193M | 235M | 95M | 106.2M | 82.95M | 69.03M | 82.1M | 105.67M | 125.78M | 19.34M | 22.93M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -24.61M | -17.26M | -8.22M | -14.57M | -14.73M | -49.48M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 156M | 148M | 133M | 93M | 88M | 88M | 71.26M | 66.42M | 55.78M | 67.8M | 56.58M | 56.1M | 54.79M | 49.24M | 42.3M | 30.99M | 31.07M | 27.04M | 30.28M | 24.61M | 17.26M | 8.22M | 14.57M | 14.73M | 49.48M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -5.4M | 8.27M | -9.07M | -24.42M | -15.49M | -8.1M | 1.67M | 6.86M | -10.33M | -7.89M | -2.2M | -1.9M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -927M | -1.31B | -673M | -33M | 804.38M | -889.86M | -892.58M | -391.98M | 427.07M | -246.92M | -142.42M | 173.93M | -84.02M | -21.47M | -231.79M | -33.76M | -307.4M | -240.75M | 356.52M | -6.95M | 29.61M | 61.68M | 1.31B | 1.31M | 54.57M | -13.54M | -9.34M | -26.88M | -34.32M | -28.95M | 17.58M |
| Working Capital Changes | 1.63B | 2.75B | 2.67B | 1.15B | 1.33B | 1.91B | 2.17B | 598.62M | 242.98M | 518.51M | 619.75M | 218.37M | 245.1M | 113.37M | 517.7M | 432.72M | 235.74M | 329.41M | 461.33M | 590.7M | 857.86M | 1.13B | 1.74M | -104.59M | 565.81M | -15.77M | 6.08M | 76.85M | 79.07M | 78.19M | -20.1M |
| Cash from Investing | -3.67B | -4.04B | -4.46B | -5.47B | -3.1B | -2.14B | -3.04B | -1.81B | -554.02M | -1.36B | -2.72B | -913.88M | -1.51B | -1.31B | -395.97M | -538.42M | 16.1M | -129.76M | 58.39M | -1.59B | -1.84B | -2.26B | -2.01B | -1.85B | -828.47M | -736.19M | -4.14M | -10.3M | -65.82M | -41.51M | -30.72M |
| Capital Expenditures | -43M | -44M | -51M | -52M | -51.67M | -41.39M | -39.87M | -37.84M | -29.81M | -22.84M | -15.3M | -15.74M | -19.88M | -17.5M | -18.53M | -18.99M | -11.66M | -19.48M | -9.5M | -28M | -13.24M | -13.67M | -15.46M | -31.49M | -17.71M | -6.31M | 0 | -338K | -252K | -910K | -2.86M |
| Acquisitions | 0 | 0 | 852M | 0 | 1.55B | -1.1B | 0 | 0 | 0 | -27.71M | -1.99B | 40.82M | -237.11M | 0 | 28.95M | -13.34B | -17.29B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33.07M | -11.77M | -4.83M | -34.65M | -1.27M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Purchase of Investments | -39.25B | -40.17B | -36.47B | -21.39B | -18.98B | -38.53B | -44.2B | -32.3B | -35.86B | -40.61B | -37.71B | -31.72B | -31.52B | -20.79B | -18.84B | -14.88B | -18.03B | -21.53B | -18.29B | -21B | -15.97B | -11.31B | -6.47B | -4.74B | -1.25B | -925.48M | -321.19M | -414.23M | -423.16M | -335.13M | -343.12M |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 35.52B | 36.07B | 31.24B | 15.99B | 15.8B | 38.06B | 41.18B | 30.94B | 35.13B | 39.18B | 37.2B | 30.82B | 30.22B | 19.55B | 18.43B | 14.37B | 18.05B | 20.89B | 17.61B | 20.05B | 15.72B | 10.8B | 4.44B | 2.93B | 466.54M | 230.05M | 318.32M | 456.12M | 357.59M | 294.53M | 315.26M |
| Other Investing | 103M | 106M | -30M | -23M | -1.43B | -523.86M | 19.01M | -410.68M | 202.62M | 123.01M | -201.15M | -43.66M | 57.47M | -55.64M | 6.19M | 13.34B | 17.29B | 534.41M | 750.2M | -612.35M | -1.58B | -1.74B | 220.54M | -35.66M | -18.83M | 204K | 6K | -51.86M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Financing | -2.48B | -1.89B | -1.93B | -69M | -706M | -1.23B | 521.28M | -80.66M | -988.81M | -3.4M | 1.64B | -4.66M | 539.94M | 524.02M | -513.03M | -337.13M | -785.64M | -785.6M | -1.16B | 67.86M | 320.16M | 913.63M | 282.29M | 205.18M | 241.17M | 740.31M | 3.54M | 170K | 334K | 24K | 212K |
| Dividends Paid | -47M | -47M | -1.91B | -40M | -40M | -47M | -41.61M | -41.61M | -41.65M | -46.04M | -28.07M | -21.94M | -21.94M | -21.94M | -28.38M | -25.84M | -25.84M | -25.84M | -25.84M | -25.84M | -17.35M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -2.46B | -1.89B | -24M | -2M | -586M | -1.23B | -83.47M | -2.87M | -382.93M | -251.05M | -77.67M | -365.38M | -454.14M | -57.8M | -497.06M | -287.56M | -761.87M | -458.4M | -513.13M | -537.07M | 0 | -1.45M | -1.68M | -906K | -13.1M | -48K | -5.74M | -103K | -86K | -198K | 0 |
| Stock Issued | 50M | 50M | 7M | 0 | 6M | 6M | 1.88M | 6.2M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.86M | 6.83M | 3.05M | 322.8M | 6.33M | 27.65M | 9.97M | 21.88M | 13.5M | 19.68M | 21.7M | 187.53M | 6.09M | 254.34M | 457K | 9.17M | 156K | 716K | 728K | 1.7M |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 0 | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1000K | 1000K | -68K | -450K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -14M | -4M | -2M | -27M | -86M | 51.45M | -15.31M | -193.28M | -206.1M | -82.42M | 141.39M | -48.7M | 1.02B | 109.52M | 474K | -14.71M | 8.06M | -530.06M | -747.72M | 617.27M | 3.44M | 893.38M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -387K | 110K | 117K | -296K | -506K | -1.5M |
| Net Change in Cash | -1.07B | 307M | 262M | 225M | -41M | 24.23M | 386.85M | 179.06M | -2.64M | -236.74M | 289.62M | 67.62M | 51.65M | 63.02M | 19.34M | -11.04M | 28.17M | 82.83M | 11.82M | -77.1M | 94.54M | 109.42M | 56.15M | -34.82M | 81.75M | -1.51M | 2.02M | -2.58M | 3.02M | 7.64M | 484K |
| Exchange Rate Effect | -830M | 61M | -25M | 13M | -50M | -34.05M | 22.29M | 17.74M | -19.13M | 14.04M | -21.15M | -11.75M | -20.01M | -4.36M | 6.74M | -1.6M | -4.37M | 5.54M | -20.85M | 3.66M | 1.76M | -157K | -689K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 90K | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 2.07B | 1.76B | 1.5B | 1.27B | 1.31B | 1.29B | 903.7M | 724.64M | 727.28M | 842.94M | 553.33M | 485.7M | 434.06M | 371.04M | 351.7M | 362.74M | 334.57M | 251.74M | 239.91M | 317.02M | 222.48M | 113.05M | 56.9M | 91.72M | 9.97M | 11.48M | 9.46M | 12.04M | 9.01M | 1.47M | 982K |
| Cash at End | 914M | 2.07B | 1.76B | 1.5B | 1.27B | 1.31B | 1.29B | 903.7M | 724.64M | 606.2M | 842.94M | 553.33M | 485.7M | 434.06M | 371.04M | 351.7M | 362.74M | 334.57M | 251.74M | 239.91M | 317.02M | 222.48M | 113.05M | 56.9M | 91.72M | 9.97M | 11.48M | 9.46M | 12.04M | 9.1M | 1.47M |
| Free Cash Flow | 5.86B | 6.13B | 6.62B | 5.7B | 3.76B | 3.39B | 2.85B | 2.01B | 1.53B | 1.09B | 1.38B | 982.17M | 1.02B | 833.37M | 903.07M | 847.13M | 790.41M | 973.16M | 1.13B | 1.41B | 1.6B | 1.44B | 1.77B | 1.58B | 651.34M | -11.94M | 2.63M | 7.21M | 68.25M | 48.13M | 28.13M |
| FCF Growth % | -10.17% | -7.46% | 16.24% | 51.37% | 11.15% | 18.95% | 41.58% | 31.45% | 40.35% | -21.11% | 40.64% | -3.45% | 22.06% | -7.72% | 6.6% | 7.18% | -18.78% | -13.85% | -19.8% | -11.73% | 10.94% | -18.78% | 12.01% | 142.74% | 5555.13% | -554.17% | -63.53% | -89.44% | 41.82% | 71.09% | 14165% |
| FCF Margin % | 29.74% | 30.75% | 37.97% | 42.85% | 38.97% | 37.94% | 34.33% | 29.65% | 27.94% | 20.3% | 31.03% | 24.69% | 25.1% | 23.96% | 26.72% | 27.41% | 24.61% | 27.79% | 38.07% | 40.8% | 46.22% | 45.41% | 57.05% | 67.46% | 90.24% | -15.62% | 2.06% | 2.07% | 27.62% | 39.78% | 56.04% |
| FCF per Share | 16.29 | 16.29 | 17.34 | 15.04 | 9.97 | 8.46 | 6.94 | 4.88 | 3.7 | 2.61 | 3.69 | 2.6 | 2.51 | 2.05 | 2.18 | 2.04 | 1.67 | 1.75 | 1.94 | 2.12 | 2.33 | 2.14 | 2.71 | 2.59 | 1.21 | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.43 | 0.31 | 0.18 |
Social inflation and litigation
According to reported financial data, Arch Capital consistently generated positive operating cash flow over the last ten quarters, peaking at $2.2 billion in 2025Q3, which underscores the firm's ability to maintain a robust float despite fluctuations in quarterly claims payments and broader market underwriting cycles.
The consistent OCF/NI ratio, which frequently exceeds 1.0, suggests that the company's underwriting operations are highly efficient at converting premiums into liquid cash. This surplus cash generation provides the necessary liquidity to support the firm's diversified insurance and reinsurance obligations without relying on external financing.
Based on the provided cash flow statements, Arch Capital maintains a highly active investment portfolio, with quarterly purchases reaching as high as $11.4 billion in 2025Q3, reflecting a strategy of continuous reinvestment of float into higher-yielding assets to capitalize on the current interest rate environment.
The high volume of investment purchases and sales suggests that management is actively rotating the portfolio to optimize yield and duration. This liquidity management appears to be a core component of the firm's total return strategy, allowing it to benefit from market volatility rather than being constrained by it.
As indicated by recent financial filings, Arch Capital has demonstrated a significant shift toward aggressive share repurchases, with buybacks totaling $800 million in 2026Q1, signaling management's confidence in the firm's underlying cash generation capacity and its commitment to returning excess capital to shareholders.
The substantial increase in buyback activity compared to earlier periods suggests that the company may have reached a point of capital saturation where internal reinvestment opportunities are balanced against shareholder returns. Investors should monitor whether this pace of capital return remains sustainable if underwriting margins face pressure from rising loss costs.
Data from the last ten quarters reveals a notable divergence between net income and operating cash flow, particularly in 2025Q1 where OCF of $1.5 billion significantly outpaced net income of $574 million, highlighting the impact of non-cash accruals and reserve adjustments on reported profitability metrics.
This variance suggests that headline earnings may not always capture the full extent of the firm's cash-generating power, likely due to the timing of reserve movements and deferred acquisition costs. Analysts should interpret these discrepancies as evidence of the complex accounting required to reconcile statutory insurance earnings with actual cash inflows.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying ACGL stock.
Arch Capital Group Ltd. (ACGL) generated $6.17B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Arch Capital Group Ltd. (ACGL) generated $6.13B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Arch Capital Group Ltd. (ACGL) spent $44.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Arch Capital Group Ltd. (ACGL) returned $47.0M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $1.89B on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.