Operating cash flow remains inconsistent, with the OCF/NI ratio fluctuating significantly from a low of 0.04 in 2024Q1 to a peak of 2.06 in 2025Q3.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 1.5B | 1.45B | 1.17B | 1.01B | 881M | 808.8M | 713M | 678.18M | 567.53M | 441.98M | 411.04M | 381.83M | 385.02M | 389.37M | 220.31M | 237.53M | 296.05M | 221.59M | 341.75M | 215.34M | 225.21M | 215.09M | 170.2M | 142.72M | 70.11M | 69.94M | 42.27M | 40.61M | 34.8M | 31.51M | 28.41M |
| Operating CF Growth % | 42.64% | 23.51% | 16.24% | 14.64% | 8.93% | 13.44% | 5.13% | 19.5% | 28.41% | 7.53% | 7.65% | -0.83% | -1.12% | 76.74% | -7.25% | -19.77% | 33.61% | -35.16% | 58.7% | -4.38% | 4.71% | 26.37% | 19.25% | 103.56% | 0.25% | 65.47% | 4.08% | 16.69% | 10.46% | 10.91% | 33.95% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 23.33% | 24.35% | 24.95% | 24.05% | 24.73% | 26.54% | 27.36% | 28.44% | 28.24% | 23.8% | 23.32% | 23.04% | 24.56% | 28.73% | 18.53% | 23.61% | 30.62% | 22.89% | 34.96% | 22.44% | 25.65% | 27.37% | 26.31% | 26.11% | 15.38% | 19.16% | 15.93% | 21.56% | 20.29% | 21.96% | 22.17% |
| Net Income | 1.15B | 1.07B | 1B | 871M | 672M | 587.1M | 480.5M | 398.51M | 344.25M | 399.63M | 257.49M | 243.32M | 206.9M | 217.11M | 184.04M | 164M | 161.75M | 153.29M | 166.12M | 190.96M | 172.35M | 150.55M | 128.84M | 110.32M | 83.12M | 53.91M | 32.79M | 26.79M | 23.56M | 18.99M | 16.77M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 436M | 367M | 222M | 206M | 186M | 152.9M | 134.8M | 128.72M | 109.38M | 108.14M | 107.67M | 108.31M | 103.84M | 85.42M | 78.95M | 67.15M | 64.08M | 63.1M | 59.92M | 53.2M | 47.81M | 43.31M | 31.06M | 25.67M | 21.29M | 22.4M | 15.38M | 12.24M | 9.82M | 8.83M | -8.14M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | -3M | 93M | 101M | 89M | 66M | 61M | 59.7M | 46.99M | 33.52M | 30.63M | 16.05M | 15.51M | 19.36M | 22.6M | 15.87M | 11.19M | 6.84M | 7.36M | 7.31M | 5.67M | 5.42M | 3.34M | 2.63M | 2.27M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 90M | -7M | 13M | 12M | 43M | 33.6M | 16M | 12.38M | 15.01M | -102.18M | 18.16M | 22.7M | 7.37M | 32.25M | 32.72M | 30.33M | 22.59M | 27.85M | 25.71M | 325K | 11.48M | 10.64M | 8.84M | 8.37M | 1.19M | 199K | -2.72M | -418K | 231K | -94K | 943K |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -47M | -23M | -59M | -143M | -70M | 15.6M | -7.5M | -9.22M | -9.89M | -5.28M | 332K | -11.61M | 46.61M | -5.42M | -15.43M | -6.38M | -14.54M | 374K | -1.07M | -30.94M | -781K | -2.48M | -5.76M | -306K | 7.52M | 4.31M | -3.31M | -4M | 1.08M | -4.8M | 15.11M |
| Working Capital Changes | -124M | -47M | -105M | -25M | -16M | -41.4M | 29.5M | 100.79M | 75.25M | 11.03M | 11.34M | 3.6M | 943K | 37.41M | -75.83M | -28.75M | 55.33M | -30.39M | 83.76M | -3.87M | -11.06M | 9.73M | 4.6M | -3.61M | -43M | -10.88M | 124K | 6M | 106K | 8.58M | 3.73M |
| Cash from Investing | -7.87B | -7.91B | -898M | -587M | -1.91B | -396.8M | -759.1M | -413.58M | -951.77M | -62.59M | -142.41M | -144.64M | -707.31M | -380.63M | -435.5M | -175.72M | -166.49M | -55.43M | -276.93M | -217.21M | -157.41M | -272.65M | -208.52M | -111.14M | -123.27M | -137.84M | -21.2M | -21.69M | -34.65M | -5.09M | -15.7M |
| Capital Expenditures | -72M | -68M | -82M | -69M | -52M | -45M | -70.7M | -73.11M | -41.52M | -24.19M | -17.77M | -18.38M | -24.92M | -16.37M | -24.03M | -13.61M | -10.45M | -11.31M | -14.12M | -30.64M | -14.98M | -13.43M | -10.15M | -15.95M | -7.28M | -11.02M | -5.55M | -5.07M | -4.76M | -2.92M | -4.72M |
| Acquisitions | -7.8B | -7.84B | -820M | -524M | -1.87B | -350.2M | -685.2M | -331.45M | -918.89M | -37.38M | -117.67M | -125.42M | -682.86M | -361.83M | -410.96M | -162.37M | -156.08M | -44.68M | -263.4M | -212.3M | -143.74M | -262.18M | -202.66M | -95.3M | -120.93M | -131.04M | -17.65M | -18.15M | -29.61M | -3.07M | -12.52M |
| Purchase of Investments | 0 | 0 | -7M | -7M | 0 | -12.4M | -14.2M | -17.52M | -9.28M | -10.66M | -25.87M | -22.77M | -17.81M | -18.1M | -11.17M | -12.7M | -9.29M | -11.57M | -13.77M | -2.69M | -211K | -299K | -3.14M | 0 | -5.03M | -3.01M | -781K | -124K | -1.46M | -262K | -888K |
| Sale/Maturity of Investments | 0 | 0 | 11M | 13M | 7M | 10.8M | 11M | 8.49M | 17.92M | 9.64M | 18.89M | 21.93M | 18.28M | 15.66M | 10.65M | 12.95M | 9.33M | 10.83M | 9.76M | 21.71M | 119K | 896K | 1.11M | 106K | 5.04M | 5.61M | 1.03M | 916K | 1.18M | 1.15M | 1.12M |
| Other Investing | 3M | -1M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.3M | 4.6M | 6.71M | 1.4M | 2.36M | 6.33M | 0 | 4.92M | 1.62M | 1.75M | 739K | 0 | 0 | 1.32M |
| Cash from Financing | 7.58B | 7.71B | -64M | -187M | 1.73B | -210.1M | 355M | -79.22M | 337.75M | -336.58M | -160.52M | -293.84M | 589.39M | -25.61M | 148.7M | -48.48M | -53.69M | -47.6M | -24.5M | -48.38M | -79.89M | -29.97M | 169.5M | -42.71M | 105.16M | 46.92M | -18.78M | -23.71M | -10.76M | -10.98M | -10.09M |
| Dividends Paid | -208M | -194M | -154M | -135M | -120M | -107.2M | -100.6M | -91.34M | -84.69M | -77.71M | -70.26M | -64.11M | -59.33M | -53.55M | -49.53M | -46.49M | -44.5M | -42.9M | -40.21M | -35.13M | -29.34M | -23.57M | -20M | -16.6M | -13.41M | -11.84M | -9.12M | -6.24M | -5.49M | -4.64M | -4.52M |
| Share Repurchases | -336M | -100M | -55M | -40M | -123M | -132.4M | -96.4M | -58.67M | -91.25M | -128.64M | -18.91M | -163.75M | -75.03M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -2.33M | -10.14M | 0 | -5.54M | -1.15M | -9.23M | -5.86M | -1.8M |
| Stock Issued | 48M | 48M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25M | 19.43M | 17.42M | 15.98M | 15.89M | 14.81M | 12.45M | 13.3M | 8.67M | 11.12M | 10.14M | 10.91M | 11.32M | 11.27M | 9.72M | 8.11M | 7.14M | 159.58M | 2.84M | 1.75M | 1.66M | 1.11M | 868K | 748K |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 4M | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -756K | -1000K |
| Other Financing | -248M | -137M | 115M | 139M | 30M | 102.6M | 7M | 20.8M | -16.31M | -33.48M | 1.77M | -20.36M | 5.32M | -1.97M | -538K | -8.59M | -888K | 243K | 138K | 4.56M | 604K | 0 | 0 | -2.89M | -7.15M | -849K | -1.87M | -1.14M | -1.38M | -600K | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | 1.22B | 1.31B | 199M | 270M | 563M | 198.3M | 308.9M | 185.38M | -46.49M | 42.8M | 108.11M | -56.64M | 267.1M | -16.87M | -66.48M | 13.32M | 75.87M | 118.56M | 40.32M | -50.26M | -12.09M | -87.53M | 131.18M | -11.12M | 52M | -20.98M | 2.28M | -4.79M | -10.61M | 15.43M | 2.62M |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 15M | 64M | -13M | 34M | -131M | -3.6M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 3.81B | 2.5B | 2.3B | 2.03B | 1.47B | 1.27B | 963M | 777.6M | 824.09M | 781.28M | 673.17M | 729.82M | 202.95M | 219.82M | 286.31M | 272.98M | 197.11M | 78.56M | 38.23M | 88.49M | 100.58M | 188.11M | 56.93M | 68.05M | 16.05M | 37.03M | 34.75M | 28.75M | 39.36M | 34.02M | 30.55M |
| Cash at End | 3.66B | 3.81B | 2.5B | 2.3B | 2.03B | 1.47B | 1.27B | 962.98M | 777.6M | 824.09M | 781.28M | 673.17M | 470.05M | 202.95M | 219.82M | 286.31M | 272.98M | 197.11M | 78.56M | 38.23M | 88.49M | 100.58M | 188.11M | 56.93M | 68.05M | 16.05M | 37.03M | 23.96M | 28.75M | 49.45M | 33.17M |
| Free Cash Flow | 1.48B | 1.38B | 1.09B | 941M | 829M | 763.8M | 642.3M | 605.07M | 526.01M | 417.78M | 393.28M | 363.46M | 360.1M | 373.01M | 196.29M | 223.92M | 285.6M | 210.28M | 327.64M | 184.7M | 210.24M | 201.66M | 160.05M | 126.78M | 62.84M | 58.92M | 36.71M | 35.54M | 30.04M | 28.59M | 23.68M |
| FCF Growth % | 14.52% | 26.56% | 16.05% | 13.51% | 8.54% | 18.92% | 6.15% | 15.03% | 25.9% | 6.23% | 8.2% | 0.93% | -3.46% | 90.03% | -12.34% | -21.59% | 35.82% | -35.82% | 77.39% | -12.15% | 4.25% | 26% | 26.24% | 101.75% | 6.65% | 60.49% | 3.3% | 18.32% | 5.06% | 20.72% | 49.08% |
| FCF Margin % | 22.96% | 23.2% | 23.21% | 22.41% | 23.27% | 25.06% | 24.65% | 25.37% | 26.17% | 22.49% | 22.31% | 21.94% | 22.97% | 27.52% | 16.51% | 22.26% | 29.54% | 21.73% | 33.52% | 19.25% | 23.94% | 25.66% | 24.74% | 23.19% | 13.79% | 16.14% | 13.83% | 18.87% | 17.52% | 19.92% | 18.48% |
| FCF per Share | 4.35 | 4.42 | 3.85 | 3.35 | 2.98 | 2.75 | 2.33 | 2.2 | 1.86 | 1.51 | 1.43 | 1.3 | 1.26 | 1.31 | 0.69 | 0.8 | 1.02 | 0.76 | 1.16 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.72 | 0.58 | 0.46 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.17 |
Acquisition Integration Cash Volatility
As evidenced by the quarterly data, Brown & Brown's operating cash flow exhibits significant quarter-to-quarter variance, with the OCF/NI ratio fluctuating from a low of 0.04 in 2024Q1 to a peak of 2.06 in 2025Q3, highlighting the inherent lumpiness of cash collection in the brokerage model.
The wide swings in cash conversion suggest that timing differences between premium receipts and commission disbursements are substantial. Investors should monitor whether these fluctuations are driven by seasonal renewal patterns or by the integration of larger, more complex portfolios that alter the traditional cash cycle.
Based on reported financial figures, claims and loss payments reached $907.0 million in 2026Q1, representing a notable increase from the $553.7 million observed in 2023Q4, which may indicate a shift in the underlying risk profile of the business units managed under the National Programs segment.
The rising magnitude of claims payments relative to historical periods suggests that the company's delegated underwriting authority is exposing the firm to higher absolute cash outflows. This trend warrants further investigation into whether these outflows are matched by corresponding premium inflows or if they signal a potential deterioration in the quality of the underwritten book.
According to the provided cash flow statements, Brown & Brown utilized $276.0 million for share buybacks in 2026Q1, a significant escalation compared to the $58.0 million deployed in 2025Q4, suggesting a management preference for returning capital despite the volatility in quarterly operating cash generation.
The decision to accelerate buybacks during a period of high claims activity appears to reflect confidence in long-term earnings power, yet it may constrain liquidity if operating cash flow remains inconsistent. Analysts should evaluate if this capital return strategy is sustainable without relying on external financing or portfolio liquidations.
As reported in the company's financial statements, the disconnect between net income and operating cash flow, particularly in 2024Q1 where net income was $293.0 million against only $13.0 million in OCF, suggests that non-cash accruals and acquisition-related adjustments significantly distort the firm's true cash-generating capacity.
This divergence implies that GAAP net income may overstate the immediate liquidity available to the firm, likely due to the accounting treatment of contingent consideration and earn-outs. Investors should focus on cash-based metrics to assess the actual operational health of the business, as the reported earnings appear to be heavily influenced by accounting estimates.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying BRO stock.
Brown & Brown, Inc. (BRO) generated $1.45B in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Brown & Brown, Inc. (BRO) generated $1.38B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Brown & Brown, Inc. (BRO) spent $68.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Brown & Brown, Inc. (BRO) returned $194.0M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $100.0M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.