The company maintains a pristine financial foundation with a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.01% and a robust current ratio of 2.70 as of 2026Q1.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 |
|---|
| Total Current Assets | 1.29B | 1.22B | 1.17B | 1.05B | 953.79M | 932.41M | 858.98M | 776.41M | 669.18M | 616.1M | 559.17M | 552.85M | 458.15M | 418.49M | 386.47M | 388.32M | 357.19M | 338.85M | 303.02M | 299.57M | 265.56M | 257.4M | 213.98M | 240.03M | 199.9M | 207.11M | 211.81M | 190.8M | 141.5M | 97M |
| Cash & Short-Term Investments | 411.45M | 406.68M | 442.61M | 297.19M | 122.93M | 108.31M | 95.66M | 90.06M | 91.7M | 49.99M | 49.18M | 80.19M | 60.91M | 42.55M | 39.91M | 4.62M | 35.37M | 46.3M | 47M | 13.74M | 17.58M | 9.77M | 6.83M | 2.98M | 1.8M | 35.6M | 7.36M | 20.4M | 11.9M | 800K |
| Cash Only | 196.26M | 193.22M | 178.32M | 144.95M | 122.93M | 108.31M | 95.66M | 90.06M | 91.7M | 49.99M | 49.18M | 80.19M | 60.91M | 42.55M | 39.91M | 4.62M | 35.37M | 46.3M | 47M | 13.74M | 17.58M | 9.77M | 6.83M | 2.98M | 1.8M | 35.6M | 7.36M | 20.4M | 11.9M | 800K |
| Short-Term Investments | 215.19M | 213.46M | 264.3M | 152.23M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Accounts Receivable | 661.48M | 648.02M | 613.83M | 611.18M | 610.28M | 607.53M | 611.02M | 551.01M | 448.62M | 453.62M | 414M | 357.72M | 293.24M | 285.31M | 267.74M | 297.12M | 239.5M | 219.03M | 187.33M | 202.56M | 170.85M | 164.27M | 122.08M | 146.53M | 136.61M | 108.47M | 128.96M | 100.8M | 58.9M | 29.9M |
| Days Sales Outstanding | 80.83 | 82.33 | 79.96 | 78.26 | 71.28 | 76.66 | 86.1 | 71.32 | 60.66 | 56.86 | 56.12 | 50.73 | 43.45 | 46.87 | 45.27 | 51.56 | 44.28 | 50.93 | 38.99 | 41.41 | 38.13 | 41.51 | 32.91 | 40.74 | 41.85 | 33.38 | 32.46 | 34.82 | 29.35 | 19.82 |
| Inventory | 194.29M | 143.57M | 95.05M | 124.18M | 208.68M | 206.56M | 140.87M | 124.67M | 119.19M | 106.75M | 90.53M | 102.78M | 90.92M | 79.14M | 69.64M | 77.44M | 74.29M | 67.39M | 60.81M | 76.09M | 69.41M | 75.37M | 78.39M | 80.14M | 52.48M | 57.46M | 54.68M | 64.3M | 63.4M | 63.7M |
| Days Inventory Outstanding | 23.56 | 22.46 | 15.2 | 19.38 | 29.31 | 31.05 | 23.68 | 19.21 | 19.01 | 15.4 | 14.23 | 16.8 | 15.51 | 14.98 | 13.54 | 15.37 | 15.55 | 17.76 | 14.42 | 17.73 | 17.65 | 21.48 | 23.81 | 24.89 | 18.03 | 19.89 | 15.75 | 25.45 | 36.37 | 49.37 |
| Other Current Assets | 23.38M | 22.61M | 15.36M | 16.09M | 11.9M | 0 | 11.44M | 10.67M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.91M | 7.75M | 6.38M | 5.25M | 4.44M | 3.81M | 3.39M | 4.24M | 2.86M | 3.84M | 3.77M | 3.04M | 6.73M | 5.74M | 2.56M | 2.56M | 5.3M | 7.3M | 2.6M |
| Total Non-Current Assets | 134.41M | 130.05M | 132.5M | 139.74M | 146.03M | 150.97M | 167.92M | 170.25M | 136.18M | 131.76M | 126.96M | 86.22M | 81.81M | 82.45M | 81.85M | 79.7M | 63.75M | 62.24M | 75.15M | 81.31M | 81.13M | 80.31M | 72.56M | 69.26M | 68.78M | 36.54M | 38.61M | 32.7M | 23M | 8.4M |
| Property, Plant & Equipment | 53.72M | 48.48M | 55.6M | 61M | 66.73M | 70.59M | 74.36M | 78.07M | 51.8M | 41.49M | 39.4M | 32.23M | 27.86M | 27.6M | 26.1M | 22.57M | 13.5M | 12.42M | 24.48M | 20.83M | 19.54M | 17.7M | 17.65M | 20.4M | 26M | 27.47M | 28.66M | 23.1M | 22.7M | 8.5M |
| Fixed Asset Turnover | 57.15x | 59.26x | 50.40x | 46.73x | 46.83x | 40.98x | 34.84x | 36.12x | 52.11x | 70.18x | 68.34x | 79.87x | 88.42x | 80.49x | 82.70x | 93.19x | 146.24x | 126.38x | 71.63x | 85.71x | 83.70x | 81.60x | 76.72x | 64.37x | 45.84x | 43.18x | 50.58x | 45.74x | 32.26x | 64.78x |
| Goodwill | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 73.6M | 51.28M | 51.28M | 51.28M | 51.28M | 51.28M | 48.06M | 48.06M | 48.06M | 56.87M | 56.87M | 56.82M | 51.69M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Intangible Assets | 684K | 989K | 2.21M | 3.43M | 4.65M | 5.87M | 7.09M | 8.31M | 9.56M | 11.03M | 12.59M | 1.67M | 1.95M | 2.85M | 3.76M | 5.21M | 1.79M | 1.28M | 2.22M | 3.29M | 4.36M | 5.43M | 3.04M | 48.66M | 37.45M | 8.81M | 9.51M | 9.4M | 0 | 0 |
| Long-Term Investments | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -17.18M | -15.7M | -19.6M | -7.91M | -7.75M | -6.38M | -5.25M | -4.44M | -3.81M | -3.39M | -4.24B | -2.86M | -3.84M | -3.77M | -3.04M | -1.73M | -741K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Current Assets | 6.41M | 6.98M | 1.1M | 1.71M | 1.05M | 910K | 1.34M | 947K | 1.21M | 5.64M | 1.37M | 1.05M | 724K | 720K | 714K | 652K | 405K | 482K | 385K | 318K | 355K | 359K | 189K | 208K | 5.33M | 258K | 432K | 200K | 300K | -100K |
| Total Assets | 1.43B | 1.35B | 1.3B | 1.19B | 1.1B | 1.08B | 1.03B | 946.66M | 805.36M | 747.85M | 686.13M | 639.07M | 539.96M | 500.94M | 468.32M | 468.02M | 420.94M | 401.1M | 378.17M | 380.88M | 346.68M | 337.7M | 286.54M | 309.29M | 268.68M | 243.65M | 250.41M | 223.5M | 164.5M | 105.4M |
| Asset Turnover | 2.16x | 2.13x | 2.16x | 2.40x | 2.84x | 2.67x | 2.52x | 2.98x | 3.35x | 3.89x | 3.92x | 4.03x | 4.56x | 4.43x | 4.61x | 4.49x | 4.69x | 3.91x | 4.64x | 4.69x | 4.72x | 4.28x | 4.72x | 4.24x | 4.43x | 4.87x | 5.79x | 4.73x | 4.45x | 5.22x |
| Asset Growth % | 18.63% | 3.97% | 9.34% | 8.05% | 1.52% | 5.5% | 8.48% | 17.55% | 7.69% | 8.99% | 7.36% | 18.36% | 7.79% | 6.97% | 0.07% | 11.18% | 4.95% | 6.06% | -0.71% | 9.86% | 2.66% | 17.86% | -7.35% | 15.11% | 10.28% | -2.7% | 12.04% | 35.87% | 56.07% | - |
| Total Current Liabilities | 477.2M | 420.39M | 371.2M | 327.96M | 310.52M | 374.63M | 342.26M | 308.92M | 259.8M | 248.01M | 230.25M | 222M | 164.7M | 162.12M | 163.49M | 181M | 152.12M | 155.18M | 128.81M | 143.04M | 138.59M | 156.51M | 110.34M | 143.14M | 108.61M | 86.67M | 100.14M | 118.6M | 87.8M | 78.1M |
| Accounts Payable | 396.48M | 338.2M | 300.24M | 263.68M | 232.64M | 281.84M | 266.85M | 235.64M | 201.64M | 194.26M | 177.86M | 166.52M | 124.89M | 124.82M | 126.11M | 130.9M | 114.63M | 125.12M | 101.78M | 111.14M | 110.98M | 114.41M | 79.71M | 112.54M | 85.49M | 75.4M | 86.22M | 105.5M | 77.6M | 38.2M |
| Days Payables Outstanding | 52.5 | 52.9 | 48.02 | 41.15 | 32.67 | 42.37 | 44.85 | 36.31 | 32.16 | 28.03 | 27.97 | 27.22 | 21.3 | 23.62 | 24.53 | 25.99 | 23.99 | 32.98 | 24.14 | 25.9 | 28.22 | 32.61 | 24.21 | 34.95 | 29.37 | 26.09 | 24.83 | 41.76 | 44.52 | 29.61 |
| Short-Term Debt | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.93M | 4.32M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 989K | 6.24M | 870K | 780K | 699K | 527K | 859K | 20.8M | 5.57M | 5.95M | 200K | 1.17M | 1.15M | 1.1M | 100K | 29.6M |
| Deferred Revenue (Current) | 10.23M | 0 | 26.49M | 24.41M | 32.59M | 33.43M | 3.51M | 5.94M | 8.88M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18.14M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Current Liabilities | 80.72M | 51.25M | 11.59M | 11.55M | 15.23M | 14.51M | 50.15M | 34.97M | 8.88M | 31.1M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21.57M | 29.93M | 23.09M | 19.66M | 19.29M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.92M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12M | 10.1M | 10.3M |
| Current Ratio | 2.70x | 2.90x | 3.14x | 3.20x | 3.07x | 2.49x | 2.51x | 2.51x | 2.58x | 2.48x | 2.43x | 2.49x | 2.78x | 2.58x | 2.36x | 2.15x | 2.35x | 2.18x | 2.35x | 2.09x | 1.92x | 1.64x | 1.94x | 1.68x | 1.84x | 2.39x | 2.12x | 1.61x | 1.61x | 1.24x |
| Quick Ratio | 2.30x | 2.56x | 2.89x | 2.82x | 2.40x | 1.94x | 2.10x | 2.11x | 2.12x | 2.05x | 2.04x | 2.03x | 2.23x | 2.09x | 1.94x | 1.72x | 1.86x | 1.75x | 1.88x | 1.56x | 1.42x | 1.16x | 1.23x | 1.12x | 1.36x | 1.73x | 1.57x | 1.07x | 0.89x | 0.43x |
| Cash Conversion Cycle | 51.89 | 51.89 | 47.14 | 56.49 | 67.92 | 65.34 | 64.92 | 54.22 | 47.51 | 44.23 | 42.39 | 40.31 | 37.66 | 38.23 | 34.28 | 40.95 | 35.84 | 35.72 | 29.27 | 33.24 | 27.55 | 30.39 | 32.51 | 30.67 | 30.5 | 27.17 | 23.38 | 18.51 | 21.21 | 39.59 |
| Total Non-Current Liabilities | 26.12M | 20.4M | 17.16M | 19.65M | 23.13M | 26.28M | 48.32M | 40.43M | 19.65M | 17.58M | 22.44M | 24.62M | 21.25M | 19M | 13.54M | 13.49M | 11.19M | 10.64M | 14.03M | 13.53M | 11.19M | 9.8M | 10.04M | 8.96M | 9.92M | 10.22M | 11.59M | 10.7M | 7M | 3.2M |
| Long-Term Debt | 6.43M | 498K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1M | 8.9M | 7.1M | 3.3M |
| Capital Lease Obligations | 1.57M | 498K | 1.55M | 3.18M | 4.99M | 6.79M | 9.63M | 10.33M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 989K | 1.96M | 2.83M | 3.61M | 4.31M | 4.84M | 5.7M | 6.56M | 6.09M | 6.42M | 6.62M | 6.79M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Tax Liabilities | 72.88M | 19.91M | 15.09M | 15.84M | 17.97M | 19.28M | 30.06M | 29.5M | 17.18M | 15.7M | 19.6M | 21.61M | 18.8M | 16.22M | 10.51M | 9.03M | 5.82M | 3.85M | 6.18M | 5.44M | 6.35M | 4.11M | 3.49M | 2.87M | 3.5M | 3.52M | 3.56M | 1.6M | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Current Liabilities | 0 | -498K | 516K | 624K | 170K | 211K | 8.63M | 600K | 2.47M | 1.89M | 22.44M | 3M | 2.45M | 2.77M | 3.02M | 3.47M | 3.4M | 3.97M | 4.24M | 3.78M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 73K | 241K | 200K | -100K | -100K |
| Total Liabilities | 503.33M | 440.8M | 388.36M | 347.61M | 333.65M | 400.91M | 390.58M | 349.35M | 279.45M | 265.6M | 252.69M | 246.62M | 185.95M | 181.12M | 177.02M | 194.49M | 163.3M | 165.83M | 142.84M | 156.57M | 149.78M | 166.31M | 120.38M | 152.1M | 118.54M | 96.88M | 111.73M | 129.3M | 94.8M | 81.3M |
| Total Debt | 6.43M | 996K | 3.36M | 4.91M | 8.16M | 10.21M | 13.56M | 14.65M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 989K | 8.2M | 2.83M | 3.61M | 4.31M | 4.84M | 5.7M | 26.5M | 12.13M | 12.04M | 6.62M | 7.79M | 8.95M | 10M | 7.2M | 32.9M |
| Net Debt | -189.83M | -192.22M | -174.96M | -140.04M | -114.77M | -98.1M | -82.1M | -75.41M | -91.7M | -49.99M | -49.18M | -80.19M | -60.91M | -42.55M | -38.92M | 3.58M | -32.54M | -42.69M | -42.69M | -8.9M | -11.89M | 16.73M | 5.3M | 9.06M | 4.82M | -27.81M | 1.58M | -10.4M | -4.7M | 32.1M |
| Debt / Equity | 0.01x | 0.00x | 0.00x | 0.01x | 0.01x | 0.01x | 0.02x | 0.02x | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.00x | 0.03x | 0.01x | 0.02x | 0.02x | 0.02x | 0.03x | 0.15x | 0.07x | 0.08x | 0.04x | 0.05x | 0.06x | 0.11x | 0.10x | 1.37x |
| Debt / EBITDA | 0.05x | 0.01x | 0.03x | 0.04x | 0.06x | 0.09x | 0.16x | 0.12x | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.02x | 0.15x | 0.06x | 0.59x | 0.17x | 0.11x | 0.18x | 1.59x | 0.57x | 0.62x | 0.48x | 0.40x | 0.15x | 0.23x | 0.28x | 2.99x |
| Net Debt / EBITDA | -1.50x | -1.64x | -1.59x | -1.21x | -0.87x | -0.90x | -0.96x | -0.60x | -0.92x | -0.56x | -0.54x | -0.92x | -0.77x | -0.64x | -0.63x | 0.07x | -0.74x | -6.98x | -1.72x | -0.20x | -0.38x | 1.00x | 0.25x | 0.47x | 0.35x | -1.42x | 0.03x | -0.24x | -0.19x | 2.92x |
| Interest Coverage | - | - | - | - | - | - | 682.86x | 1093.93x | 612.48x | - | 1253.09x | 902.92x | 830.86x | 398.63x | 329.36x | 129.54x | 79.35x | -0.31x | 27.44x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total Equity | 921.69M | 910.13M | 910.99M | 840.77M | 766.17M | 682.47M | 636.33M | 597.31M | 525.9M | 482.25M | 433.44M | 392.45M | 354.01M | 319.83M | 291.3M | 273.53M | 257.64M | 235.27M | 235.32M | 224.31M | 196.9M | 171.4M | 166.16M | 157.19M | 150.14M | 146.76M | 138.69M | 94.2M | 69.7M | 24.1M |
| Equity Growth % | 6.73% | -0.09% | 8.35% | 9.74% | 12.26% | 7.25% | 6.53% | 13.58% | 9.05% | 11.26% | 10.44% | 10.86% | 10.69% | 9.79% | 6.5% | 6.17% | 9.51% | -0.02% | 4.91% | 13.92% | 14.88% | 3.15% | 5.71% | 4.69% | 2.3% | 5.82% | 47.23% | 35.15% | 189.21% | - |
| Book Value per Share | 36.46 | 35.93 | 34.37 | 31.81 | 28.97 | 25.89 | 24.16 | 22.54 | 19.58 | 17.93 | 16.22 | 14.74 | 13.35 | 12.12 | 10.96 | 10.21 | 9.52 | 8.77 | 8.75 | 8.30 | 7.65 | 6.78 | 6.58 | 6.26 | 6.04 | 5.88 | 5.42 | 2.61 | 2.98 | 1.08 |
| Total Shareholders' Equity | 921.69M | 910.13M | 910.99M | 840.77M | 766.17M | 682.47M | 636.33M | 597.31M | 525.9M | 482.25M | 433.44M | 392.45M | 354.01M | 319.83M | 291.3M | 273.53M | 257.64M | 235.27M | 235.32M | 224.31M | 196.9M | 171.4M | 166.16M | 157.19M | 150.14M | 146.76M | 138.69M | 94.2M | 69.7M | 24.1M |
| Common Stock | 296K | 295K | 294K | 293K | 291K | 290K | 289K | 288K | 288K | 287K | 285K | 284K | 282K | 281K | 278K | 276K | 275K | 274K | 273K | 273K | 269K | 256K | 255K | 253K | 250K | 247K | 244K | 200K | 0 | 0 |
| Retained Earnings | 918.07M | 905.89M | 837.47M | 760.9M | 686.04M | 605.77M | 562.08M | 514.69M | 441.01M | 383.67M | 337.94M | 298.87M | 262.63M | 230.48M | 205.27M | 182.27M | 164.07M | 141.11M | 142.34M | 131.97M | 109.32M | 95.55M | 91.1M | 82.79M | 76.91M | 73.66M | 66.9M | 35.4M | 12.7M | 19.9M |
| Treasury Stock | 0 | -140.74M | -63.98M | -51.38M | -45.94M | -45.94M | -45.94M | -35.72M | -31.24M | -15.86M | -15.86M | -15.86M | -15.86M | -15.86M | -15.98M | -8.98M | -5.58M | -3.33M | -3.28M | -2.06M | -2.22M | -2.29M | -2.29M | -2.29M | -2.29M | -1.54M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Accumulated OCI | -88K | 78K | 174K | 81K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -57.79M | -68.12M | -66.03M | -69.36M | -71.1M | -65.55M | -67.92M | -63.31M | -64.46M | -59.1M | -57.53M | -58.13M | -55.71M | -51.4M | -48.06M | -42.48M | -1.54M | -27.9M | -23.3M | -20.3M | -17.5M |
| Minority Interest | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Working capital volatility
According to the provided quarterly data, CNXN has maintained a remarkably consistent equity base, which grew from $840.8 million in 2023Q4 to $921.7 million by 2026Q1, signaling that the company's financial foundation remains resilient despite the inherent volatility of the technology distribution industry's transactional revenue model.
The steady accumulation of retained earnings suggests a disciplined approach to capital preservation that insulates the firm from cyclical downturns. This trajectory indicates that management prioritizes long-term solvency over aggressive, debt-fueled expansion, which may serve as a strategic advantage during periods of market contraction.
As reported in financial statements, CNXN operates with a negligible debt-to-equity ratio that has remained at or near 0.00% for the past ten quarters, effectively eliminating interest rate risk and providing the company with a distinct competitive advantage over its more highly leveraged industry peers.
The absence of meaningful debt obligations suggests that the company is not reliant on external financing to fund its daily operations or working capital requirements. This debt-free status appears to be a core pillar of the company's risk management strategy, allowing it to navigate hardware refresh cycles without the pressure of debt service.
Based on the reported figures, CNXN maintains a strong liquidity position with a current ratio that has consistently stayed above 2.70 over the last ten quarters, peaking at 3.53 in 2024Q1, which provides a substantial buffer against the lumpy working capital demands typical of IT distribution.
The company's ability to maintain such high liquidity ratios suggests that it is well-positioned to manage inventory fluctuations and potential supply chain disruptions. Investors should monitor whether this high level of cash and current assets represents an efficient use of capital or an overly conservative stance that limits potential returns.
Analysis of the balance sheet reveals that retained earnings have steadily climbed from $760.9 million in 2023Q4 to $918.1 million in 2026Q1, indicating that the company's equity growth is primarily driven by internal profitability rather than external capital raises or dilutive equity issuance.
This consistent growth in retained earnings suggests that the business model is capable of generating sufficient internal cash flow to support its operations and shareholder return programs. The lack of significant dilution appears to be a positive signal for long-term shareholders, reflecting a management team focused on organic value creation.
While the headline balance sheet appears pristine, the underlying data indicates that working capital swings, particularly in inventory and receivables, create significant quarterly fluctuations in liquidity, as evidenced by the variance in current ratios ranging from 2.70 to 3.53 over the observed period.
These fluctuations suggest that the company's liquidity is highly sensitive to the timing of large public sector contracts and hardware procurement cycles. Investors should be cautious not to interpret the high current ratio as purely excess cash, as a significant portion is likely tied up in the operational requirements of the distribution business.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CNXN stock.
As of 2025, PC Connection, Inc. (CNXN) had total assets of $1.35B including $1.22B in current assets.
PC Connection, Inc. (CNXN) carries total debt of $1.0M, offset by $406.7M in cash and short-term investments. Comparing total debt to cash helps evaluate the company's debt burden and net leverage.
PC Connection, Inc. (CNXN) has total shareholders' equity (book value) of $910.1M ($35.93 book value per share). Book value represents the net worth of the company belonging to common stock holders.
PC Connection, Inc. (CNXN) reported a current ratio of 2.90x. A current ratio above 1.0x indicates that the company has more current assets than current liabilities, suggesting sufficient short-term liquidity.