Cash conversion efficiency remains volatile, with OCF/NI ratios frequently exceeding 10x, indicating that reported earnings are heavily influenced by non-cash provisions rather than actual cash generation.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 298.91M | 289M | 233.75M | 237.98M | 215.93M | 198.19M | 238.77M | 216.78M | 216.21M | 215.65M | 196.33M | 187.56M | 135.83M | 99.37M | 34.99M | 10.8M | 38.14M | 79.5M | 124.97M | 153.41M | 57.11M | 36.68M | 9.96M | 99.76M | 146.89M | 3.72M | 38.7M | 200K | -71.1M | -26.1M | -9.7M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 67.53% | 59.4% | 67.61% | 65.49% | 74.01% | 88.05% | 62.69% | 55.47% | 49.64% | 46.49% | 51.58% | 45.24% | 40.59% | 18.69% | 7.54% | 24.58% | 35.51% | 33.92% | 38.88% | 20.48% | 18.94% | 7.58% | 95.02% | 149.3% | 5.95% | - | - | - | - | - |
| Operating CF Growth % | 72.35% | 23.63% | -1.78% | 10.21% | 8.95% | -16.99% | 10.14% | 0.27% | 0.26% | 9.84% | 4.68% | 38.08% | 36.69% | 184.01% | 224.06% | -71.69% | -52.02% | -36.39% | -18.54% | 168.63% | 55.69% | 268.44% | -90.02% | -32.09% | 3845.55% | -90.38% | 19250% | 100.28% | -172.41% | -169.07% | - |
| Net Income | 20.17M | 19.32M | 19.2M | 45.34M | 85.98M | 47.52M | 21.68M | 5.41M | 14.86M | 3.77M | 29.3M | 34.68M | 29.52M | 21M | 69.41M | -14.46M | -33.83M | -57.21M | -26.09M | 13.86M | 39.55M | 3.37M | -15.89M | 395K | 20.41M | 320K | -22.15M | -44.5M | 25.7M | 18.5M | 14.1M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 857K | 881K | 862K | 847K | 1.62M | 1.68M | 1.78M | 1.08M | 992K | 934K | 777K | 637K | 428K | 437K | 543K | 672K | 649K | 707K | 537K | 15.23M | -1.53M | -5.28M | -1.87M | 3.69M | 5.68M | 1.91M | 1.2M | 37.2M | 36.8M | 14.1M | 6.4M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 1.95M | 2.67M | 2.96M | 3.46M | 4.43M | 2M | 1.94M | 2.07M | 3.52M | 5.71M | 5.55M | 5.02M | 3.83M | 3.86M | 1.13M | 1.53M | 1.6M | 1.64M | 1.26M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -16K | 994K | 2.73M | 6.44M | 9.4M | 0 | 0 | 91.94M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16.37M | 16.43M | -60.64M | 32.77M | 18.45M | 19.28M | 6.11M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -10.3M | -20.9M | 14.1M | 6.1M | 5.4M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 274.96M | 264.36M | 208.57M | 168.93M | 90.57M | 131.61M | 186.65M | 92.14M | 170.35M | 196.76M | 183.94M | 140.65M | 83.07M | 47.32M | 89.54M | -10.39M | 15.33M | 79.83M | 167.66M | 113.17M | 120.26M | 109.8M | 111.33M | 28.52M | -1.48M | -12.32M | 62.55M | -142.5M | -42.1M | -100K | -27M |
| Working Capital Changes | 985K | 768K | -564K | 12.95M | 23.93M | 15.38M | 26.72M | 24.14M | 26.49M | 8.48M | -23.24M | 6.56M | 2.61M | 10.32M | -65M | 679K | 35.94M | 35.26M | -24.5M | 11.16M | -101.17M | -71.21M | -83.61M | 67.15M | 122.28M | 13.81M | 7.4M | 170.9M | -105.6M | -64.7M | -8.6M |
| Change in Receivables | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.62M | 2.75M | 6.63M | 20.32M | 14.78M | -10.52M | -4.69M | -8.18M | -4.7M | -8.26M | -3.98M | -267K | 2.41M | 6.33M | 9.2M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -9.7M | 166.8M | -99M | -54.9M | -5.1M |
| Change in Inventory | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9M | 0 | 0 | 1.35M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -441K | -4.25M | -1.24M | 287K | 4.97M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Payables | -6.29M | -6.17M | 9.46M | 8.29M | 10.36M | 0 | 0 | -7.35M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -7.13M | 4.34M | -6M | 2.78M | 2.77M | -2.4M | -1.27M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -646.68M | -590.12M | -769.71M | -359.53M | -713.9M | -115.36M | 93.03M | -229.35M | -242.19M | -210.63M | -437.8M | -441.29M | -541.16M | -409.57M | -91.49M | -154.98M | 272.91M | 438.67M | 657.64M | -665.39M | -568.39M | -411.69M | -314.06M | -179.81M | -29.75M | -536K | -600K | 3.3M | 3M | -7.5M | -2.5M |
| Capital Expenditures | -920K | 0 | 0 | -559K | -2.15M | -1.98M | -24K | -751K | -1.08M | -669K | -1.08M | -1.19M | -823K | -477K | -394K | -404K | -283K | -812K | -442K | -1.09M | -412K | -166K | -1.41M | -93K | -285K | -766K | -600K | 0 | -1.3M | -1M | -400K |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 0.21% | 0.17% | 0.11% | 0.16% | 0.65% | 0.74% | 0.01% | 0.22% | 0.28% | 0.15% | 0.26% | 0.33% | 0.27% | 0.19% | 0.21% | 0.28% | 0.18% | 0.36% | 0.12% | 0.28% | 0.15% | 0.09% | 1.07% | 0.09% | 0.29% | 1.22% | - | - | - | - | - |
| Acquisitions | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | 0 | 3.66B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.33B | 2.28B | 2.2B | 2.17B | 1.91B | 1.54B | 854K | 814.07M | 4.41M | 560.13M | 0 | 0 | 2.27M | 1.42B | 25.22M | 50.43M | 111.7M | 211.76M | 106.1M | 0 | 800K | 4.1M | 3.9M | 45.9M |
| Other Investing | -645.76M | -590.12M | -769.71M | -427.14M | -845.48M | -113.38M | 93.06M | -709.89M | -241.12M | -209.96M | -436.72M | -440.1M | 404.61M | 355M | 460.64M | -234.54M | 9.52M | 24.97M | 16.86M | 22.66M | 451.04M | 279.73M | 196.13M | 5.74M | 0 | 230K | 0 | 3.3M | 4.3M | -6.5M | -2.1M |
| Cash from Financing | 349.7M | 335.93M | 547.92M | 84.19M | 484.21M | -50.44M | -328.48M | 23.29M | 31.4M | -7.02M | 242.78M | 255.19M | 401.08M | 319.34M | 59.38M | 138.02M | -307.23M | -527.82M | -781.41M | 518.64M | 507.71M | 378.43M | 285.26M | 80.31M | -86.76M | -19.67M | -20.4M | -3.8M | 68.3M | 35.2M | 1.4M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -9.82M | -3.96M | -12.83M | -20.27M | -46.1M | -25.68M | -1.22M | -1.44M | -5.31M | -12.35M | -10.47M | -5.93M | 0 | 0 | -435K | -523K | -1.45M | -999K | -3.72M | -11.71M | -4.81M | -1.04M | -111K | -611K | 309K | -1.04M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dividends Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | -9.91M | -8.67M | -12.83M | -20.27M | -46.1M | -25.68M | -1.22M | -1.44M | -5.31M | -12.35M | -10.47M | -5.93M | 0 | 0 | -435K | -523K | -1.45M | -999K | -3.72M | -11.71M | -4.81M | -1.04M | -111K | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1.3M | 0 | 5.5M | 2M | 1.4M |
| Other Financing | 1.51M | 0 | -8.96M | 8.69M | 2.98M | -1.76M | -4.91M | -8.57M | -7.56M | -7.02M | -8.66M | -6.91M | -4.8M | -5.44M | -5.85M | -6.93M | 0 | -1.72M | -5.38M | -10.79M | -8.43M | -5.49M | -5.97M | -3.45M | -1.04M | -4.58M | -20.4M | -3.8M | 68.3M | 35.2M | 1.4M |
| Net Change in Cash | 1.94M | 34.81M | 11.97M | -37.36M | -13.76M | 32.4M | 3.32M | 10.72M | 5.41M | -1.99M | 1.31M | 1.46M | -4.25M | 9.15M | 2.87M | -6.16M | 3.82M | -9.65M | 1.2M | 6.67M | -3.57M | 3.42M | -18.84M | 262K | 30.38M | -16.48M | 17.8M | -300K | 200K | 1.6M | -10.7M |
| Free Cash Flow | 297.99M | 289M | 233.32M | 237.42M | 213.78M | 196.22M | 238.74M | 216.03M | 215.13M | 214.98M | 195.25M | 186.36M | 135M | 98.89M | 34.59M | 10.39M | 37.86M | 78.69M | 124.53M | 152.33M | 56.7M | 36.52M | 8.55M | 99.67M | 146.61M | 2.96M | 38.1M | 200K | -72.4M | -27.1M | -10.1M |
| FCF Margin % | 67.74% | 67.53% | 59.29% | 67.45% | 64.84% | 73.27% | 88.04% | 62.47% | 55.19% | 49.49% | 46.24% | 51.25% | 44.96% | 40.39% | 18.48% | 7.26% | 24.4% | 35.14% | 33.8% | 38.61% | 20.33% | 18.85% | 6.51% | 94.94% | 149.01% | 4.73% | - | - | - | - | - |
| FCF Growth % | 17.26% | 23.86% | -1.73% | 11.06% | 8.95% | -17.81% | 10.51% | 0.42% | 0.07% | 10.1% | 4.77% | 38.04% | 36.51% | 185.86% | 232.87% | -72.55% | -51.89% | -36.81% | -18.25% | 168.66% | 55.27% | 327.19% | -91.42% | -32.02% | 4858% | -92.24% | 18950% | 100.28% | -167.16% | -168.32% | - |
| FCF per Share | 12.66 | 12.00 | 9.59 | 9.41 | 8.04 | 7.61 | 9.95 | 8.98 | 8.61 | 7.90 | 6.72 | 5.90 | 4.21 | 3.13 | 1.36 | 0.55 | 2.17 | 4.22 | 6.48 | 6.74 | 2.36 | 1.55 | 0.40 | 4.62 | 6.99 | 0.18 | 1.89 | 0.01 | -4.14 | -1.71 | -0.67 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 14.77x | 14.95x | 12.17x | 5.25x | 2.51x | 4.17x | 11.01x | 40.10x | 14.55x | 57.28x | 6.70x | 5.41x | 4.60x | 4.73x | 0.50x | -0.75x | -1.15x | -1.39x | -4.79x | 11.07x | 1.44x | 10.88x | -0.63x | 252.56x | 7.20x | 11.63x | -1.75x | -0.00x | -2.77x | -1.41x | -0.69x |
| Interest Paid | 110.99M | 0 | 177.95M | 135.2M | 76.7M | 69.48M | 93.57M | 0 | 92.41M | 83.11M | 71.08M | 50.02M | 45.91M | 50.66M | 75.65M | 69.7M | 74.19M | 98.26M | 0 | 121.63M | 81.63M | 45.93M | 28.23M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 1.42M | 0 | 11.8M | 3.55M | 16.18M | 14.25M | 0 | 0 | 417K | 9.32M | 32.91M | 13.69M | 6.52M | 2.28M | 1.14M | 200K | 9.25M | 12.4M | 0 | 7.27M | 10.22M | 9.38M | 420K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Credit loss volatility
As reported in recent financial statements, CPSS exhibits a substantial gap between net income and operating cash flow, with OCF/NI ratios frequently exceeding 10x, suggesting that reported earnings are heavily influenced by non-cash accounting provisions rather than actual cash generation from the underlying loan portfolio.
The consistent disparity between net income and operating cash flow appears to be a structural byproduct of CECL accounting, which mandates upfront recognition of lifetime credit losses. Investors should monitor whether this cash-generative capacity remains resilient if credit loss severities begin to exceed the initial provisioning estimates.
Based on the provided quarterly data, free cash flow has demonstrated high volatility, ranging from $43.1 million to $85.4 million, indicating that the company's ability to generate surplus cash is highly sensitive to the timing of loan originations and the subsequent securitization of those assets.
The erratic nature of FCF margins, which fluctuated between 45% and 78.8% over the last ten quarters, suggests that CPSS lacks a predictable cash flow profile. This instability warrants further investigation into how management balances the need for liquidity against the cyclical demands of the subprime auto market.
According to the cash flow statements, working capital changes have been a major source of quarterly variance, with swings as large as $10.1 million in 2024Q3, reflecting the inherent complexity of managing cash flows within a high-volume, subprime auto installment contract business model.
These fluctuations appear to be driven by the timing of loan funding and the collection cycle of the managed portfolio. The reliance on these working capital shifts to support operating cash flow suggests that the company's liquidity position may be more fragile than headline figures imply.
As indicated by the company's historical cash flow filings, CPSS has consistently utilized available cash for share repurchases, such as the $9.5 million outflow in 2024Q2, despite maintaining a highly leveraged balance sheet that typically necessitates the retention of capital for debt service.
The decision to prioritize share buybacks over debt reduction in a rising interest rate environment may indicate management's confidence in the portfolio's performance. However, this strategy appears to limit the firm's financial flexibility, potentially leaving it vulnerable to future shocks in the ABS funding markets.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying CPSS stock.
Consumer Portfolio Services, Inc. (CPSS) generated $289.0M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Consumer Portfolio Services, Inc. (CPSS) generated $289.0M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Consumer Portfolio Services, Inc. (CPSS) spent $0.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Consumer Portfolio Services, Inc. (CPSS) spent $8.7M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.