Free cash flow remains highly volatile, oscillating between a negative 5.6% margin in 2023Q4 and a positive 3.5% in 2024Q3, while liquidity is constrained by a minimal cash balance of $32.5 million.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 589.9M | 694.5M | 586.3M | 63.5M | 585.9M | 1.26B | 805.4M | 370.9M | 269.98M | 198.93M | 384.1M | 141.05M | 198.29M | 52.37M | -75.32M | 199.32M | -68.47M | 354.67M | 170.37M | 3.77M | 53.44M | 365.38M | 82.34M | 313.01M | 73.54M | 86.99M | 95.59M | 73.2M | 24.3M | -26.6M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 3.08% | 2.94% | 0.36% | 3.61% | 9.34% | 7.6% | 3.2% | 2.33% | 1.79% | 3.53% | 1.33% | 2% | 0.59% | -1.01% | 3.28% | -1.24% | 8.08% | 3.12% | 0.06% | 0.88% | 6.12% | 1.52% | 6.93% | 1.75% | 2.18% | 2.67% | 2.92% | 1.49% | -6.58% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 170.6% | 18.45% | 823.31% | -89.16% | -53.49% | 56.39% | 117.15% | 37.38% | 35.72% | -48.21% | 172.32% | -28.87% | 278.61% | 169.53% | -137.79% | 391.12% | -119.3% | 108.17% | 4416.78% | -92.94% | -85.37% | 343.74% | -73.69% | 325.64% | -15.46% | -9% | 30.59% | 201.23% | 191.35% | - |
| Net Income | 326.1M | 325.2M | 498.1M | 587.2M | 751.5M | 552.1M | 286.5M | 174M | 157.8M | 213.4M | 147.06M | 94M | 93M | 113.99M | 100.21M | 82.39M | 50.3M | 34.84M | -31.49M | 67.95M | 88.39M | 54.23M | 27.78M | 76.13M | 67.06M | 55.44M | 40.81M | 33.5M | 20.7M | 11.4M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 91.4M | 0 | 113.1M | 92M | 89.3M | 78.9M | 75.8M | 71.6M | 67.1M | 57.94M | 51.23M | 47.24M | 42.34M | 35.83M | 31.53M | 27.06M | 26.45M | 25.83M | 25.65M | 23.18M | 19.74M | 22.45M | 15.84M | 14.38M | 11.94M | 17.36M | 16.04M | 10.6M | 6.4M | 1M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 17.6M | 0 | 25.2M | 0 | 27M | 28.3M | 32.3M | 18.8M | 18.71M | 18.9M | 21.07M | 18.85M | 16.01M | 13.9M | 11.93M | 10.92M | 9.94M | 8.87M | 6.52M | 4.95M | 5.09M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -1.6M | 0 | 23.6M | 18.7M | 28M | 31M | -900K | 16.2M | 3.47M | -46.06M | 14.16M | 11.88M | 12.32M | 22.41M | 13.28M | 24.82M | 23.27M | 29.65M | -18.51M | 18.14M | 20.07M | 3.87M | -4.7M | 11.95M | 6.88M | -1.23M | 6.37M | 4M | -4.2M | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 202.6M | 442.2M | 6.9M | 66M | 7.9M | 106.8M | 74.9M | 49.7M | 21.39M | 24.45M | 34.18M | 82.69M | 85.33M | 10.06M | 16.41M | 16.11M | 26.71M | 19.55M | 117.88M | 19.66M | 2.92M | 32.71M | 57.1M | 231.41M | 2.32M | 1.85M | 41K | 1.1M | 300K | -2.8M |
| Working Capital Changes | -45.1M | -72.9M | -80.6M | -700.4M | -317.8M | 462.5M | 336.8M | 40.6M | 1.5M | -69.7M | 116.38M | -113.61M | -50.72M | -143.82M | -248.69M | 38.01M | -205.15M | 235.93M | 70.32M | -130.12M | -82.76M | 252.12M | -13.67M | -20.86M | -14.67M | 13.56M | 32.33M | 24M | 1.1M | -36.2M |
| Change in Receivables | 121.6M | 36.8M | 5.8M | -125.5M | -17.4M | 4.8M | 64.7M | -19.8M | 2.94M | -10.67M | 0 | -17.89M | 0 | -9.49M | -6.78M | 0 | -13.84M | 10.85M | 97.49M | 0 | -20.3M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.6M |
| Change in Inventory | -195.8M | -47.7M | -254.4M | -567.6M | -282.1M | 529.8M | 416.1M | -28.8M | -80.61M | -44.02M | 79.32M | -186.63M | 27.34M | -241.87M | -278.23M | 0 | -174.25M | 243M | 57.37M | 14.27M | -33.13M | 130.58M | -64.29M | 4.71M | -107.49M | 68.47M | -78.48M | -49.1M | 0 | 5.7M |
| Change in Payables | -28.6M | -27.2M | 90.7M | 39.2M | 66.5M | 48.1M | -45.9M | 123.1M | 18.45M | 35.58M | 76.13M | 25.11M | 37.34M | 41.14M | 29.87M | 0 | 16.13M | -16.48M | -38.85M | -10.81M | -24.35M | 39.22M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -448.5M | -671.3M | -1.28B | -366.1M | -484.6M | -1.25B | -74.7M | -291.6M | -168M | -312.6M | -174.04M | -284.5M | -347.05M | -268.65M | -224.46M | -212.77M | -54.79M | -4M | -141.66M | -393.17M | -269.26M | -49.96M | -250.39M | -101.69M | -122.3M | -27.23M | -72.77M | -126.9M | -58.2M | 10.7M |
| Capital Expenditures | -224M | 0 | -245.1M | -185.4M | -155.5M | -143.6M | -103.2M | -191.8M | -141.03M | -215.83M | -156.52M | -120.25M | -150.39M | -102.86M | -88.49M | -60.56M | -69.12M | -21.56M | -142.83M | -146.7M | -71.55M | -58.56M | -47.41M | -34.63M | -43.5M | -20.86M | -17.25M | -137.3M | -77.8M | -2.2M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 1% | 1.2% | 1.23% | 1.04% | 0.96% | 1.07% | 0.97% | 1.65% | 1.22% | 1.94% | 1.44% | 1.13% | 1.51% | 1.15% | 1.18% | 1% | 1.25% | 0.49% | 2.61% | 2.29% | 1.18% | 0.98% | 0.87% | 0.77% | 1.03% | 0.52% | 0.48% | 5.47% | 4.77% | 0.54% |
| Acquisitions | -486.4M | 0 | -1.28B | -172.3M | -528.7M | -1.1B | -1.3M | -143.2M | -135.3M | -109.08M | -57.33M | -212.25M | -336.55M | -269.86M | -177.96M | -153.56M | -34.69M | -16.33M | -42.08M | -281.83M | -246.32M | -35.78M | -221.72M | -35.42M | -81.42M | -11.04M | -65.07M | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 261.9M | -671.3M | 239.3M | -8.4M | 199.6M | -8.5M | 29.8M | 43.4M | 108.33M | 12.31M | 39.81M | 48M | 139.89M | 104.06M | 41.99M | 1.34M | 49.02M | 33.9M | 43.25M | 35.37M | 48.61M | 45.2M | 12.33M | -33.63M | 2.63M | 4.66M | 9.55M | 10.4M | 19.6M | 12.9M |
| Cash from Financing | -173.3M | -31.1M | 681.1M | 311.9M | -67.3M | -74M | -668.1M | -67M | -109.5M | 121.48M | -205.01M | 121.01M | 171.65M | 235.99M | 290.82M | 8.65M | 129.71M | -361.43M | -33.99M | 383.86M | 217.43M | -315.47M | 179.31M | -209.92M | 52.72M | -53.42M | -770K | 106.1M | 65.3M | 5.8M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 525.1M | 582.8M | 887.4M | 500.6M | 475.7M | 161.1M | -571.4M | -44.1M | 91.4M | 116.2M | 17.72M | 236.07M | 225.91M | 254.18M | 313.61M | 68.87M | 158.04M | -364.57M | -4.38M | 458.63M | 300.91M | -312.5M | 174.75M | -203.5M | 68.46M | -128.54M | 16.44M | 64.9M | 66M | -33.9M |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -410M | -525.2M | -137.2M | -151.5M | -501.7M | -195.4M | -80.2M | -1.4M | -188.8M | -42.6M | -127.61M | -97.47M | -36.8M | -3.55M | -11.32M | -50.78M | -26.77M | 3.49M | 2.42M | -58M | -42.1M | -98K | 4.78M | -5.41M | -15.74M | 75.11M | -17.21M | 41.3M | -700K | 51.7M |
| Dividends Paid | -25.6M | -25.6M | -25.2M | -25.2M | -23.7M | -23.9M | -11M | -20.3M | -20.87M | -20.47M | -19.99M | -19.94M | -17.1M | -15.8M | -13.43M | -11.21M | -2.39M | 0 | -10.96M | -13.28M | -13.44M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -12M |
| Share Repurchases | -504.4M | -554.8M | -161.6M | -172.8M | -521.2M | -210.6M | -80.2M | -1.4M | -183.92M | -40.09M | -127.61M | -97.47M | -36.8M | -3.55M | -11.32M | -50.78M | -26.77M | 0 | -776K | -63.04M | -65.79M | -19.26M | -7.02M | -14.4M | -23.77M | -28.41M | -20.89M | -5.8M | -2.8M | -100K |
| Other Financing | -262.6M | -63.1M | -43.9M | -12M | -17.6M | -15.8M | -5.5M | -1.2M | 8.77M | 68.34M | -75.14M | 2.36M | -361K | 1.17M | 1.96M | 1.77M | 825K | -353K | -21.08M | -3.48M | -27.94M | -2.87M | -209K | -1.01M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -100K | 0 | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -28.8M | -1.9M | -22.8M | 9.3M | 29.2M | -68.6M | 59.2M | 9.4M | -10.9M | 7.79M | 7.96M | -27.94M | 20.76M | 15.56M | -10.24M | -4.95M | 6.62M | -9.92M | -11.1M | -5.56M | 1.62M | -55K | 11.27M | 1.11M | 7.47M | -6.39M | -3.86M | 52.4M | 31.4M | 23.5M |
| Free Cash Flow | 288.1M | 424.5M | 341.2M | -121.9M | 430.4M | 1.12B | 702.2M | 179.1M | 128.94M | -16.91M | 228.34M | 20.8M | 47.9M | -50.49M | -163.81M | 138.76M | -137.58M | 333.11M | 27.54M | -142.93M | -18.11M | 306.82M | 34.93M | 278.38M | 30.04M | 66.13M | 78.34M | -64.1M | -53.5M | -28.8M |
| FCF Margin % | 1.28% | 1.88% | 1.71% | -0.68% | 2.65% | 8.28% | 6.62% | 1.54% | 1.11% | -0.15% | 2.1% | 0.2% | 0.48% | -0.57% | -2.19% | 2.28% | -2.5% | 7.59% | 0.5% | -2.24% | -0.3% | 5.14% | 0.64% | 6.16% | 0.71% | 1.65% | 2.18% | -2.56% | -3.28% | -7.13% |
| FCF Growth % | 17.21% | 24.41% | 379.9% | -128.32% | -61.43% | 58.93% | 292.07% | 38.9% | 862.67% | -107.4% | 998.03% | -56.58% | 194.87% | 69.18% | -218.06% | 200.85% | -141.3% | 1109.61% | 119.27% | -689.38% | -105.9% | 778.42% | -87.45% | 826.67% | -54.57% | -15.58% | 222.22% | -19.81% | -85.76% | - |
| FCF per Share | 24.01 | 33.33 | 25.69 | -8.88 | 27.78 | 62.97 | 39.43 | 9.99 | 6.63 | -0.81 | 10.79 | 0.86 | 1.92 | -1.99 | -7.22 | 6.19 | -5.90 | 14.28 | 1.21 | -6.11 | -0.74 | 12.66 | 1.49 | 11.92 | 1.25 | 3.09 | 3.61 | -2.97 | -2.99 | -1.96 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 0.88x | 2.15x | 1.18x | 0.11x | 0.78x | 2.28x | 2.81x | 2.13x | 1.71x | 0.93x | 2.61x | 1.50x | 2.13x | 0.46x | -0.75x | 2.42x | -1.36x | 10.18x | -3.55x | 0.06x | 0.60x | 6.74x | 2.96x | 4.11x | 1.10x | 1.57x | 2.34x | 2.19x | 1.17x | -4.59x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Inventory Financing and Leverage
According to the provided quarterly data, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow is highly volatile, with OCF/NI ratios swinging from -1.86 in 2023Q4 to 11.83 in 2025Q3, suggesting that reported earnings frequently fail to reflect the underlying cash-generating capacity of the dealership operations.
The extreme variance in the conversion of net income to cash flow indicates that non-cash items and working capital swings are significantly distorting the company's reported profitability. Investors should interpret these fluctuations as a sign that earnings quality is low, as the business appears unable to consistently translate accounting profits into realized cash inflows.
As reported in financial statements, GPI's free cash flow trajectory has been erratic, with margins oscillating between a negative 5.6% in 2023Q4 and a positive 3.5% in 2024Q3, highlighting the cyclical vulnerability of the company's cash generation to inventory management and broader automotive demand shifts.
The inability to maintain a stable free cash flow margin suggests that the business model is highly sensitive to external economic pressures that force rapid changes in inventory levels. This inconsistency makes it difficult to rely on FCF as a predictable source of capital for dividends or debt reduction.
Based on the reported figures, working capital changes have been a major source of cash flow disruption, including a massive $378.8 million outflow in 2023Q4, which underscores the dealership's susceptibility to inventory build-ups and the subsequent cash drain required to finance these assets during periods of slowing demand.
The significant swings in working capital suggest that management struggles to align inventory procurement with actual retail velocity. This volatility forces the company to rely heavily on floorplan financing, which may exacerbate liquidity risks if credit conditions tighten or if vehicle turnover rates continue to decelerate.
Data from recent filings reveals that GPI has prioritized share repurchases, such as the $305 million spent in 2025Q4, despite maintaining a minimal cash balance of only $32.5 million, which suggests a capital allocation strategy that may be prioritizing short-term equity support over long-term balance sheet resilience.
The decision to aggressively buy back shares while holding negligible cash reserves appears to leave the company with little margin for error in a downturn. This approach warrants further investigation into whether management is over-leveraging the balance sheet to fund shareholder returns at the expense of operational flexibility.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying GPI stock.
Group 1 Automotive, Inc. (GPI) generated $694.5M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Group 1 Automotive, Inc. (GPI) generated $424.5M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Group 1 Automotive, Inc. (GPI) spent $0.0M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Group 1 Automotive, Inc. (GPI) returned $25.6M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $554.8M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.