Free cash flow remains highly volatile, swinging from a negative $113.1 million in 2025Q4 to a positive $935.3 million in 2026Q1, reflecting the unpredictable impact of asset divestitures on liquidity.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 473.35M | 589.89M | 1.15B | 1.14B | 1.16B | 1.1B | 1.53B | 1.02B | 1.02B | 776M | 782M | 789.69M | 394.81M | 494.61M | 1.11B | 1.26B | 1.12B | 1.1B | 848.89M | 941.03M | 887.16M | 880.22M | 747.39M | 920.41M | 793.64M | 545.8M | 748.86M | 623.7M | 356.2M | 206.5M | 295M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | 48.03% | 23.07% | 22.13% | 21.34% | 20.7% | 29.32% | 19.63% | 19.91% | 15.38% | 15.32% | 15.26% | 7.88% | 10.09% | 20.68% | 24.24% | 22.5% | 21.96% | 16.67% | 19.49% | 20.33% | 22.23% | 20.09% | 26.72% | 26.58% | 21.09% | 32.18% | 31.77% | 19.73% | 14.03% | 24.29% |
| Operating CF Growth % | -261.07% | -48.48% | 0.26% | -1.13% | 4.71% | -28% | 50.79% | -0.1% | 31.06% | -0.77% | -0.97% | 100.02% | -20.18% | -55.25% | -11.99% | 11.92% | 1.75% | 29.89% | -9.79% | 6.07% | 0.79% | 17.77% | -18.8% | 15.97% | 45.41% | -27.12% | 20.07% | 75.1% | 72.49% | -30% | 39.41% |
| Net Income | 132.21M | 124.67M | -26M | -487M | 72M | 188M | 269M | 147M | 175M | 157M | 52M | 262.61M | -147.29M | 166.82M | 122.65M | 250.24M | 188.98M | 253.73M | 93.54M | 386.11M | 161.76M | 222.54M | 49M | 74.89M | -987.74M | -168.25M | 2.27B | 230M | 64.4M | -9.5M | 128.1M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 505.48M | 351.88M | 943M | 915M | 929M | 895M | 909M | 932M | 883M | 844M | 850M | 844.36M | 836.53M | 1.02B | 813.63M | 765.78M | 761.75M | 749.97M | 750.08M | 752.22M | 737.48M | 677.44M | 667.96M | 595.73M | 510.44M | 450.02M | 399.14M | 353.3M | 409.5M | 301.6M | 231.6M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 16M | 0 | 71M | 41M | 42M | 49M | 53M | 59M | 54M | 46M | 42M | 40.4M | 35.79M | 30.34M | 41.87M | 36.84M | 35.13M | 32.49M | 22.69M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | -112.02M | -66.19M | 3M | 8M | 47M | 52M | 190M | 34M | 33M | -369M | 22M | 70.85M | 71.71M | -67.15M | 58.78M | 202.55M | 74.07M | 31.05M | -437.92M | -283.05M | -195M | -24.31M | -69.62M | 32.91M | -587.71M | -266.41M | -370K | 152.2M | 49.3M | 17.2M | 75M |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -74.46M | 417.93M | 222M | 682M | 163M | 143M | 108M | 121M | 89M | 357M | 61M | -226.33M | 74.74M | -435.92M | 112.57M | 73.31M | 107.75M | 152.95M | 528.3M | 100.34M | 443.14M | 136.76M | 131.4M | 102.25M | 1.88B | 598.17M | -2.01B | 84.1M | 100K | -200K | 9.3M |
| Working Capital Changes | -139.4M | -238.4M | -68M | -17M | -98M | -224M | 3M | -277M | -217M | -259M | -245M | -202.2M | -476.67M | -217.55M | -44.33M | -73M | -45.73M | -117.59M | -107.8M | -8.88M | -129.73M | -55.72M | -31.34M | 128.03M | -21.91M | -37.92M | 120.49M | -75M | 94.6M | -11.9M | -10.3M |
| Change in Receivables | -60.4M | -24.19M | -47M | -18M | -268M | -138M | -16M | -49M | -39M | -61M | -23M | -120.23M | 17.63M | -294.32M | -81.11M | -95.43M | -79.18M | -110.26M | -79.43M | 0 | 25.09M | 16.58M | 15.61M | 0 | -42.78M | 10.53M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | 306K | -10K | 20M | 61M | -90M | -25M | 12M | -19M | -5M | 6M | 4M | 115.48M | -29.15M | -83.54M | -29.92M | -13.38M | 40.66M | -34.57M | -17.12M | 16.85M | -25.29M | -15.46M | -6.01M | -16.55M | 2.47M | -7.1M | -18.79M | -13.4M | 10.7M | -25.8M | 0 |
| Change in Payables | -711K | -9.83M | -40M | -99M | 32M | -69M | 173M | -60M | 2M | -7M | 36M | 7.25M | -117.26M | 86.03M | -12.33M | 29.29M | -4.02M | 29.65M | 6.8M | 0 | -1.01M | -28.51M | 20.75M | 0 | 23.93M | 26.38M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | 3.13B | 2.14B | -754M | -1.33B | -1.78B | -2.46B | -1.51B | -1.25B | -680M | -981M | -808M | -737.69M | -909.74M | -260.65M | -998.07M | -866.09M | -1.22B | -781.45M | -902.75M | -627.86M | -630.74M | -914.43M | -564.37M | -700.49M | -1.37B | -519.86M | -605.66M | -285.4M | -494.3M | -760.7M | -417.4M |
| Capital Expenditures | 3.07B | 2.14B | -884M | -1.21B | -1.77B | -2.46B | -1.37B | -957M | -776M | -685M | -636M | -800.63M | -799.5M | -883.8M | -995.52M | -971.76M | -1.22B | -700.44M | -1.12B | -699.57M | -722.46M | -720.56M | -798.25M | -776.97M | -1.37B | -700.15M | -456.02M | -431M | -676.1M | -915.3M | -550.2M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 143.86% | 174.57% | 17.81% | 23.47% | 32.79% | 46.2% | 26.18% | 18.49% | 15.19% | 13.58% | 12.46% | 15.47% | 15.96% | 18.03% | 18.62% | 18.76% | 24.54% | 13.95% | 22.08% | 14.49% | 16.55% | 18.2% | 21.46% | 22.55% | 45.78% | 27.05% | 19.6% | 21.96% | 37.44% | 62.2% | 45.3% |
| Acquisitions | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 2.51B | 2.53B | -17M | -116M | -16M | 11M | 5M | -5M | 112M | 1M | -140M | 6.93M | -52.64M | 11.59M | -12.8M | -1.15M | 370K | 33.84M | 377.64M | -804K | -3.43M | -3M | 274.67M | 76.48M | 63.64M | 573.13M | -22K | 10.6M | 18M | 59.1M | 192.8M |
| Cash from Financing | -2.61B | -2.35B | -277M | 56M | 613M | 321M | 957M | -220M | -32M | -77M | -59M | 460.74M | 156.82M | -144.42M | 70.1M | -168.03M | -200.96M | -427.46M | -343.28M | -152.06M | -338.88M | -41.11M | 47.91M | -581.21M | 1.73B | 15.78M | -155.19M | -272.5M | 137.2M | 547.6M | 124.9M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Equity Issued (Net) | -156.49M | -129.49M | -54M | -6M | -92M | 1.05B | -37M | -21M | 0 | 5M | 7M | 9.31M | -58M | -12.8M | -40.07M | -83.79M | -120.88M | -211.38M | -226.92M | -100.97M | 40.74M | 43.57M | 7.59M | -76.06M | 0 | -80.3M | -513.92M | -69M | 144.9M | 74.9M | 195.3M |
| Dividends Paid | -87.53M | -87.67M | -104M | -153M | -151M | -119M | -78M | -75M | -72M | -69M | -65M | -61.22M | -58.04M | -55.29M | -53.16M | -64.91M | -66.83M | -46.8M | -47.32M | -45.83M | -43.04M | -40.58M | -38.05M | -36.19M | -34.45M | -32.14M | -30.47M | -29.4M | -28.5M | -27.2M | -26.2M |
| Share Repurchases | -156.49M | -129.49M | -54M | -6M | -83M | -60M | -37M | -21M | 0 | -1M | -8M | -6.19M | -58.04M | -28.24M | -43.4M | -83.79M | -120.88M | -212.12M | -228.33M | -214.57M | 0 | 0 | -24.35M | -86.78M | 0 | -80.3M | -513.92M | -69M | 0 | -69.9M | -600K |
| Other Financing | -576.73M | -483.96M | -103M | -83M | -26M | -72M | -68M | -6M | 60M | 4M | 9M | 1.49M | -1M | -74.79M | -32.02M | -10.3M | -25.74M | -26.2M | -59.59M | 30.43M | -886K | -2.88M | 2.13M | -312.38M | -1.57M | -28.61M | -94.92M | 9M | -9.3M | -8.8M | 1.3M |
| Net Change in Cash | 995.6M | 381.95M | 114M | -129M | -15M | -1.04B | 978M | -453M | 305M | -282M | -85M | 512.74M | -358.11M | 89.53M | 177.21M | 221.59M | -302.86M | -106.32M | -397.14M | 161.12M | -82.47M | -75.31M | 230.93M | -361.29M | 1.16B | 41.73M | -11.99M | 65.9M | 137.2M | 547.6M | 124.9M |
| Free Cash Flow | 3.54B | 2.73B | 241M | -199M | -620M | -1.36B | 164M | 59M | 241M | 91M | 146M | -10.93M | -404.68M | -389.19M | 109.66M | 283.95M | -101.9M | 402.15M | -275.22M | 241.47M | 164.7M | 159.67M | -50.86M | 143.45M | -572.95M | -154.34M | 292.84M | 192.7M | -319.9M | -708.8M | -255.2M |
| FCF Margin % | 165.94% | 222.6% | 4.86% | -3.86% | -11.45% | -25.5% | 3.14% | 1.14% | 4.72% | 1.8% | 2.86% | -0.21% | -8.08% | -7.94% | 2.05% | 5.48% | -2.04% | 8.01% | -5.4% | 5% | 3.77% | 4.03% | -1.37% | 4.16% | -19.19% | -5.96% | 12.59% | 9.82% | -17.72% | -48.17% | -21.01% |
| FCF Growth % | 1013.92% | 1034.44% | 221.11% | 67.9% | 54.38% | -928.66% | 177.97% | -75.52% | 164.84% | -37.67% | 1435.28% | 97.3% | -3.98% | -454.92% | -61.38% | 378.65% | -125.34% | 246.12% | -213.98% | 46.61% | 3.15% | 413.91% | -135.46% | 125.04% | -271.21% | -152.71% | 51.97% | 160.24% | 54.87% | -177.74% | 24.74% |
| FCF per Share | 30.14 | 23.74 | 2.11 | -1.76 | -5.44 | -11.72 | 1.43 | 0.51 | 2.11 | 0.81 | 1.32 | -0.10 | -3.73 | -3.57 | 1.01 | 2.39 | -0.89 | 3.38 | -2.18 | 1.86 | 1.30 | 1.27 | -0.41 | 1.14 | -4.49 | -1.21 | 2.22 | 1.82 | -1.94 | -5.39 | -1.93 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | 26.79x | -94.59x | -40.89x | -2.28x | 18.63x | 7.07x | 6.78x | 8.40x | 7.53x | 5.07x | 18.19x | 3.61x | -2.90x | 3.48x | 13.50x | 6.26x | 7.80x | 5.69x | 9.08x | 2.44x | 5.48x | 3.96x | 15.25x | 14.97x | -0.81x | -2.76x | 0.33x | 2.71x | 5.53x | -21.74x | 2.30x |
| Interest Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Structural Cash Flow Volatility
According to recent financial disclosures, the relationship between net income and operating cash flow is erratic, with OCF/NI ratios swinging from 0.46 in 2026Q1 to extreme levels like 35.08 in 2025Q2, suggesting that reported earnings are currently decoupled from actual cash generation capabilities.
The wide variance in the conversion ratio indicates that non-cash items and accounting adjustments are heavily influencing the bottom line. Investors should monitor this divergence as it suggests that net income is not a reliable proxy for the company's underlying cash-generating health during this transition period.
As reported in quarterly filings, free cash flow has exhibited extreme instability, ranging from a negative $113.1 million in 2025Q4 to a positive $935.3 million in 2026Q1, highlighting the unpredictable nature of cash flow during the company's ongoing strategic restructuring and asset divestiture phase.
This volatility appears to be driven by lumpy capital expenditures and non-recurring cash inflows rather than consistent operational performance. The lack of a stable FCF trajectory warrants further investigation into whether the company can sustain its fiber expansion plans without relying on episodic asset sales.
Based on reported figures, capital expenditures have fluctuated significantly, reaching a massive $2.5 billion in 2025Q3, which suggests that the company is aggressively prioritizing infrastructure investment despite the current revenue contraction and the broader uncertainty surrounding its long-term wireless and wireline asset mix.
The high capital intensity relative to revenue indicates that the firm is in a heavy build-out phase, likely focused on fiber-to-the-home deployment. Analysts should assess whether these investments are generating sufficient incremental returns or if they represent a defensive attempt to maintain relevance in a shifting competitive landscape.
Data from recent quarterly statements reveals that working capital changes have been highly inconsistent, with a $95 million inflow in 2025Q2 followed by a $100.6 million outflow in 2025Q4, indicating that the company's cash conversion cycle is currently subject to significant operational and timing-related pressures.
These fluctuations may reflect the complexities of managing both wireless and wireline supply chains during a period of corporate downsizing. Investors should monitor whether these working capital movements are indicative of underlying collection inefficiencies or merely temporary timing differences related to the restructuring process.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying TDS stock.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (TDS) generated $589.9M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (TDS) generated $2.73B in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (TDS) spent $2.14B on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (TDS) returned $87.7M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $129.5M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.