Financial - Credit Services
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5 / 10Stock Comparison
UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT
Revenue, margins, valuation, and 5-year total return — side by side.
Financial - Credit Services
Financial - Credit Services
Software - Infrastructure
Financial - Credit Services
UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT — Key Financials
Market cap, revenue, margins, and valuation side-by-side.
| Company Snapshot | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | Financial - Credit Services | Financial - Credit Services | Financial - Credit Services | Software - Infrastructure | Financial - Credit Services |
| Market Cap | $2.78B | $1.92B | $20.40B | $22.44B | $263M |
| Revenue (TTM) | $1.08B | $1.33B | $4.77B | $3.20B | $637M |
| Net Income (TTM) | $49M | $136M | $481M | $382M | $18M |
| Gross Margin | 95.2% | 64.7% | 75.1% | 62.6% | 63.7% |
| Operating Margin | 5.1% | 25.0% | 11.0% | 10.2% | 6.9% |
| Forward P/E | 14.7x | 9.6x | 26.5x | 62.5x | 3.7x |
| Total Debt | $1.85B | $16M | $1.82B | $7.85B | $2.81B |
| Cash & Equiv. | $657M | $918M | $4.93B | $1.35B | $106M |
UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT — Long-Term Stock Performance
Price return indexed to 100 at period start. Dividends excluded.
| Stock | Jan 21 | May 26 | Return |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upstart Holdings, I… (UPST) | 100 | 46.6 | -53.4% |
| LendingClub Corpora… (LC) | 100 | 153.8 | +53.8% |
| SoFi Technologies, … (SOFI) | 100 | 63.6 | -36.4% |
| Affirm Holdings, In… (AFRM) | 100 | 67.6 | -32.4% |
| Oportun Financial C… (OPRT) | 100 | 35.9 | -64.1% |
Price return only. Dividends and distributions are not included.
Quick Verdict: UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT
Each card shows where this stock fits in a portfolio — not just who wins on paper.
UPST ranks third and is worth considering specifically for growth exposure.
- Rev growth 58.9%, EPS growth 131.3%
- 58.9% NII/revenue growth vs LC's 15.0%
LC is the clearest fit if your priority is income & stability and sleep-well-at-night.
- Dividend streak 1 yrs, beta 2.36
- Lower volatility, beta 2.36, Low D/E 1.1%, current ratio 466.38x
- Beta 2.36, current ratio 466.38x
- +62.4% vs UPST's -37.6%
SOFI is the clearest fit if your priority is long-term compounding.
- 52.7% 10Y total return vs LC's -27.7%
AFRM has the current edge in this matchup, primarily because of its strength in quality and efficiency.
- 11.9% margin vs OPRT's 4.0%
- 3.1% ROA vs OPRT's 0.6%, ROIC -0.7% vs 1.0%
OPRT is the #2 pick in this set and the best alternative if bank quality is your priority.
- NIM 20.3% vs SOFI's 4.4%
- Lower P/E (3.7x vs 62.5x)
- Beta 2.07 vs UPST's 2.96
See the full category breakdown
| Category | Winner | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | 58.9% NII/revenue growth vs LC's 15.0% | |
| Value | Lower P/E (3.7x vs 62.5x) | |
| Quality / Margins | 11.9% margin vs OPRT's 4.0% | |
| Stability / Safety | Beta 2.07 vs UPST's 2.96 | |
| Dividends | Tie | None of these 5 stocks pay a meaningful dividend |
| Momentum (1Y) | +62.4% vs UPST's -37.6% | |
| Efficiency (ROA) | 3.1% ROA vs OPRT's 0.6%, ROIC -0.7% vs 1.0% |
UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT — Revenue Breakdown by Segment
How each company's revenue is distributed across its business units
Segment breakdown not available.
UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT — Financial Metrics
Side-by-side numbers across 5 stocks — who leads on profitability, valuation, growth, and risk.
Who Leads Where
LC leads in 3 of 6 categories
OPRT leads 1 • AFRM leads 1 • UPST leads 0 • SOFI leads 0 • 1 tied
Explore the data ↓Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
LC leads this category, winning 2 of 5 comparable metrics.
Income & Cash Flow (Last 12 Months)
SOFI is the larger business by revenue, generating $4.8B annually — 7.5x OPRT's $637M. AFRM is the more profitable business, keeping 11.9% of every revenue dollar as net income compared to OPRT's 4.0%.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RevenueTrailing 12 months | $1.1B | $1.3B | $4.8B | $3.2B | $637M |
| EBITDAEarnings before interest/tax | $68M | $287M | $760M | $533M | $61M |
| Net IncomeAfter-tax profit | $49M | $136M | $481M | $382M | $18M |
| Free Cash FlowCash after capex | -$146M | -$2.9B | -$2.6B | $787M | $409M |
| Gross MarginGross profit ÷ Revenue | +95.2% | +64.7% | +75.1% | +62.6% | +63.7% |
| Operating MarginEBIT ÷ Revenue | +5.1% | +25.0% | +11.0% | +10.2% | +6.9% |
| Net MarginNet income ÷ Revenue | +5.0% | +10.2% | +10.1% | +11.9% | +4.0% |
| FCF MarginFCF ÷ Revenue | -15.4% | -2.1% | -83.5% | +24.6% | +61.0% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | — | — | — | -65.8% | — |
| EPS Growth (YoY)Latest quarter vs prior year | -169.2% | +3.2% | -56.7% | — | -76.2% |
Valuation Metrics
OPRT leads this category, winning 5 of 6 comparable metrics.
Valuation Metrics
At 10.8x trailing earnings, OPRT trades at a 98% valuation discount to AFRM's 449.1x P/E. On an enterprise value basis, LC's 2.6x EV/EBITDA is more attractive than AFRM's 210.0x.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market CapShares × price | $2.8B | $1.9B | $20.4B | $22.4B | $263M |
| Enterprise ValueMkt cap + debt − cash | $4.0B | $1.0B | $17.3B | $28.9B | $3.0B |
| Trailing P/EPrice ÷ TTM EPS | 64.44x | 14.51x | 41.03x | 449.07x | 10.85x |
| Forward P/EPrice ÷ next-FY EPS est. | 14.69x | 9.56x | 26.45x | 62.49x | 3.75x |
| PEG RatioP/E ÷ EPS growth rate | 4.49x | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDAEnterprise value multiple | 50.13x | 2.57x | 22.75x | 209.99x | 34.72x |
| Price / SalesMarket cap ÷ Revenue | 2.58x | 1.44x | 4.28x | 6.96x | 0.41x |
| Price / BookPrice ÷ Book value/share | 3.90x | 1.32x | 1.91x | 7.48x | 0.71x |
| Price / FCFMarket cap ÷ FCF | — | — | — | 37.29x | 0.68x |
Profitability & Efficiency
LC leads this category, winning 4 of 9 comparable metrics.
Profitability & Efficiency
AFRM delivers a 11.2% return on equity — every $100 of shareholder capital generates $11 in annual profit, vs $5 for OPRT. LC carries lower financial leverage with a 0.01x debt-to-equity ratio, signaling a more conservative balance sheet compared to OPRT's 7.21x. On the Piotroski fundamental quality scale (0–9), OPRT scores 8/9 vs SOFI's 3/9, reflecting strong financial health.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROE (TTM)Return on equity | +6.6% | +9.5% | +5.9% | +11.2% | +4.6% |
| ROA (TTM)Return on assets | +1.7% | +1.2% | +1.1% | +3.1% | +0.6% |
| ROICReturn on invested capital | +1.7% | +17.3% | +3.6% | -0.7% | +1.0% |
| ROCEReturn on capital employed | +2.4% | +3.3% | +1.2% | -0.9% | +1.4% |
| Piotroski ScoreFundamental quality 0–9 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 8 |
| Debt / EquityFinancial leverage | 2.32x | 0.01x | 0.17x | 2.56x | 7.21x |
| Net DebtTotal debt minus cash | $1.2B | -$902M | -$3.1B | $6.5B | $2.7B |
| Cash & Equiv.Liquid assets | $657M | $918M | $4.9B | $1.4B | $106M |
| Total DebtShort + long-term debt | $1.9B | $16M | $1.8B | $7.9B | $2.8B |
| Interest CoverageEBIT ÷ Interest expense | 1.66x | 0.67x | 0.45x | 1.88x | 0.14x |
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
AFRM leads this category, winning 3 of 6 comparable metrics.
Total Returns (Dividends Reinvested)
A $10,000 investment in AFRM five years ago would be worth $12,474 today (with dividends reinvested), compared to $2,638 for OPRT. Over the past 12 months, LC leads with a +62.4% total return vs UPST's -37.6%. The 3-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) favors AFRM at 78.0% vs OPRT's 10.0% — a key indicator of consistent wealth creation.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YTD ReturnYear-to-date | -36.7% | -12.7% | -41.7% | -9.0% | +13.6% |
| 1-Year ReturnPast 12 months | -37.6% | +62.4% | +23.0% | +30.7% | +3.4% |
| 3-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | +116.7% | +142.9% | +192.5% | +464.2% | +33.1% |
| 5-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -69.8% | +15.1% | -3.1% | +24.7% | -73.6% |
| 10-Year ReturnCumulative with dividends | -1.6% | -27.7% | +52.7% | -30.7% | -64.4% |
| CAGR (3Y)Annualised 3-year return | +29.4% | +34.4% | +43.0% | +78.0% | +10.0% |
Risk & Volatility
Evenly matched — LC and OPRT each lead in 1 of 2 comparable metrics.
Risk & Volatility
OPRT is the less volatile stock with a 2.07 beta — it tends to amplify market swings less than UPST's 2.96 beta. A beta below 1.0 means the stock typically moves less than the S&P 500. LC currently trades 77.0% from its 52-week high vs UPST's 33.2% drawdown — a narrower gap to the peak suggests stronger recent price momentum.
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (5Y)Sensitivity to S&P 500 | 2.96x | 2.36x | 2.54x | 2.72x | 2.07x |
| 52-Week HighHighest price in past year | $87.30 | $21.67 | $32.73 | $100.00 | $7.97 |
| 52-Week LowLowest price in past year | $23.96 | $9.70 | $12.56 | $42.09 | $4.03 |
| % of 52W HighCurrent price vs 52-week peak | +33.2% | +77.0% | +48.9% | +67.4% | +72.1% |
| RSI (14)Momentum oscillator 0–100 | 42.7 | 57.4 | 41.9 | 63.1 | 58.2 |
| Avg Volume (50D)Average daily shares traded | 4.8M | 2.1M | 65.8M | 5.3M | 510K |
Analyst Outlook
LC leads this category, winning 1 of 1 comparable metric.
Analyst Outlook
Analyst consensus: UPST as "Buy", LC as "Buy", SOFI as "Hold", AFRM as "Buy", OPRT as "Hold". Consensus price targets imply 89.2% upside for OPRT (target: $11) vs 19.9% for AFRM (target: $81).
| Metric | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyst RatingConsensus buy/hold/sell | Buy | Buy | Hold | Buy | Hold |
| Price TargetConsensus 12-month target | $45.17 | $22.75 | $20.89 | $80.77 | $10.88 |
| # AnalystsCovering analysts | 22 | 29 | 27 | 33 | 8 |
| Dividend YieldAnnual dividend ÷ price | — | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend StreakConsecutive years of raises | — | 1 | 0 | — | — |
| Dividend / ShareAnnual DPS | — | — | — | — | — |
| Buyback YieldShare repurchases ÷ mkt cap | 0.0% | 0.0% | +0.3% | +1.1% | 0.0% |
LC leads in 3 of 6 categories (Income & Cash Flow, Profitability & Efficiency). OPRT leads in 1 (Valuation Metrics). 1 tied.
UPST vs LC vs SOFI vs AFRM vs OPRT: Key Questions Answered
10 questions · data-driven answers · updated daily
01Is UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT a better buy right now?
For growth investors, Upstart Holdings, Inc.
(UPST) is the stronger pick with 58. 9% revenue growth year-over-year, versus 15. 0% for LendingClub Corporation (LC). Oportun Financial Corporation (OPRT) offers the better valuation at 10. 8x trailing P/E (3. 7x forward), making it the more compelling value choice. Analysts rate Upstart Holdings, Inc. (UPST) a "Buy" — based on 22 analyst ratings — the highest consensus in this comparison. The "better buy" depends entirely on your goals: growth investors should weight revenue trajectory, value investors should weight P/E and PEG, and income investors should weight dividend yield and streak.
02Which has the better valuation — UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT?
On trailing P/E, Oportun Financial Corporation (OPRT) is the cheapest at 10.
8x versus Affirm Holdings, Inc. at 449. 1x. On forward P/E, Oportun Financial Corporation is actually cheaper at 3. 7x.
03Which is the better long-term investment — UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT?
Over the past 5 years, Affirm Holdings, Inc.
(AFRM) delivered a total return of +24. 7%, compared to -73. 6% for Oportun Financial Corporation (OPRT). Over 10 years, the gap is even starker: SOFI returned +52. 7% versus OPRT's -64. 4%. Past returns do not guarantee future results, and the stock with the higher historical return may already have its best growth priced in.
04Which is safer — UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT?
By beta (market sensitivity over 5 years), Oportun Financial Corporation (OPRT) is the lower-risk stock at 2.
07β versus Upstart Holdings, Inc. 's 2. 96β — meaning UPST is approximately 43% more volatile than OPRT relative to the S&P 500. On balance sheet safety, LendingClub Corporation (LC) carries a lower debt/equity ratio of 1% versus 7% for Oportun Financial Corporation — giving it more financial flexibility in a downturn.
05Which is growing faster — UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT?
By revenue growth (latest reported year), Upstart Holdings, Inc.
(UPST) is pulling ahead at 58. 9% versus 15. 0% for LendingClub Corporation (LC). On earnings-per-share growth, the picture is similar: LendingClub Corporation grew EPS 155. 6% year-over-year, compared to 0. 0% for SoFi Technologies, Inc.. Higher growth typically commands a higher valuation multiple — check whether the premium P/E or P/S is justified by the growth rate using the PEG ratio.
06Which has better profit margins — UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT?
LendingClub Corporation (LC) is the more profitable company, earning 10.
2% net margin versus 1. 6% for Affirm Holdings, Inc. — meaning it keeps 10. 2% of every revenue dollar as bottom-line profit. Operating margin tells a similar story: LC leads at 25. 0% versus -2. 7% for AFRM. At the gross margin level — before operating expenses — UPST leads at 95. 2%, reflecting greater pricing power or product mix advantage. Stronger margins indicate durable pricing power, lower cost of revenue, or higher mix of software/services. They are one of the clearest signs of business quality.
07Is UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT more undervalued right now?
On forward earnings alone, Oportun Financial Corporation (OPRT) trades at 3.
7x forward P/E versus 62. 5x for Affirm Holdings, Inc. — 58. 7x cheaper on a one-year earnings basis. Analyst consensus price targets imply the most upside for OPRT: 89. 2% to $10. 88.
08Which pays a better dividend — UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT?
None of the stocks in this comparison currently pay a material dividend.
All are effectively zero-yield and should be held for capital appreciation rather than income.
09Is UPST or LC or SOFI or AFRM or OPRT better for a retirement portfolio?
For long-horizon retirement investors, SoFi Technologies, Inc.
(SOFI) is the stronger choice — it scores higher on the combination of lower volatility, dividend reliability, and long-term compounding. Oportun Financial Corporation (OPRT) carries a higher beta of 2. 07 — meaning larger drawdowns in market downturns, which matters significantly when you cannot wait years for a recovery. Both have compounded well over 10 years (SOFI: +52. 7%, OPRT: -64. 4%), confirming both are viable long-term holds — but the lower-volatility option typically results in less emotional selling during corrections. Retirement portfolios generally favour predictability over maximum returns. Consult a financial advisor before making allocation decisions.
10What are the main differences between UPST and LC and SOFI and AFRM and OPRT?
These companies operate in different sectors (UPST (Financial Services) and LC (Financial Services) and SOFI (Financial Services) and AFRM (Technology) and OPRT (Financial Services)), which means they face different economic cycles, regulatory environments, and macro sensitivities — making direct comparison nuanced.
In terms of investment character: UPST is a small-cap high-growth stock; LC is a small-cap deep-value stock; SOFI is a mid-cap high-growth stock; AFRM is a mid-cap high-growth stock; OPRT is a small-cap high-growth stock. These fundamental differences mean investors should not choose between them on a single metric — the "better stock" depends entirely on which of these characteristics aligns with your investment strategy.
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