What Is Return on Equity (ROE)?
ROE = Net Income ÷ Shareholders' Equity. A company earning $200M on $1B equity has 20% ROE — it returns $20 for every $100 shareholders invested.
ROE answers: how efficiently does management convert your capital into profit?
The DuPont breakdown:
- Net Margin — profit per dollar of revenue
- Asset Turnover — revenue generated per dollar of assets
- Equity Multiplier — leverage factor (debt amplifies returns)
ROE = Margin × Turnover × Leverage. High ROE from margins and turnover = durable quality. High ROE from leverage = potential risk.
Sector context: Capital-light businesses (software, payment networks) often hit 20–40%+ ROE. Asset-heavy industries (utilities, airlines) typically struggle to reach 15%. The ROIC filter helps normalize this.