Cash conversion efficiency remains strained, as evidenced by a negative FCF margin of -2.2% in 2026Q1 and a historical OCF/NI ratio that dipped as low as -1.41 in 2025Q2.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 43.74M | -861K | 192.53M | 158.9M | 61.32M | 61.18M | 128.81M | 97.92M | 54.86M | 57.99M | 63.92M | 55.35M | 53.52M | 53.59M | 51.17M | 26.48M | 32.15M | 45.2M | 33.45M | 31.25M | 19.43M | 11.97M | 16.16M | 16.47M | 21.93M | 23.88M | 14.04M | 11.95M | 5.81M | 4.77M | 4.08M |
| Operating CF Margin % | - | -0.06% | 16.04% | 13.6% | 6.9% | 11.45% | 25.03% | 20.86% | 12.64% | 14.31% | 16.65% | 15.43% | 15.02% | 16.69% | 16.88% | 9.95% | 13.15% | 18.43% | 11.96% | 11.9% | 8.39% | 6.46% | 9.33% | 11.06% | 14.14% | 15.19% | 9.06% | 9.06% | 5.44% | 5.84% | 6.49% |
| Operating CF Growth % | 2412.9% | -100.45% | 21.17% | 159.13% | 0.22% | -52.5% | 31.54% | 78.51% | -5.41% | -9.28% | 15.48% | 3.43% | -0.14% | 4.74% | 93.2% | -17.63% | -28.88% | 35.15% | 7.04% | 60.83% | 62.36% | -25.95% | -1.88% | -24.91% | -8.16% | 70.08% | 17.46% | 105.77% | 21.73% | 16.99% | -21.56% |
| Net Income | 118.12M | 107.59M | 168.56M | 177.62M | 100.38M | 58.76M | 79.01M | 53.71M | 42.33M | 54.5M | 53.38M | 45.73M | 44.16M | 37.55M | 27.45M | 13.99M | 21.89M | 27.72M | 28.59M | 23.16M | 17.13M | 11.46M | 7.52M | 14.23M | 14.61M | 14.16M | 12.79M | 9.7M | 5.23M | 3.02M | 2.08M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 61.4M | 79.36M | 189K | 46.79M | 35.43M | 30.42M | 25.63M | 22.77M | 17.66M | 15.01M | 13.04M | 11.74M | 11.55M | 12.31M | 13.41M | 11.4M | 9.89M | 9.06M | 9.41M | 9.66M | 9.15M | 8.5M | 5.73M | 5.43M | 4.92M | 4.38M | 3.46M | 3.1M | 2.85M | 2.52M | 2.5M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 17.82M | 17.99M | 16.73M | 16.38M | 13.7M | 11.81M | 11.34M | 11.8M | 7.86M | 6.31M | 4.36M | 2.89M | 2.18M | 1.76M | 1.29M | 680K | 791K | 848K | 750K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Deferred Taxes | 29.76M | 31.15M | -6.61M | -6.53M | -13.33M | 3.67M | 13.03M | 6.04M | 2.64M | -749K | 825K | 1.17M | -2.11M | -1.59M | -2.03M | 10.12M | -558K | 3.53M | 160K | -124K | -510K | -1.7M | 434K | 1.96M | 1.08M | 475K | -127K | -200K | -269K | 1.37M | -860K |
| Other Non-Cash Items | 25.06M | -594K | 63.03M | 1.52M | 2.72M | 669K | -5.21M | 1.84M | 318K | -209K | 779K | 446K | 534K | 411K | -323K | 1.4M | -181K | -2.54M | -1.09M | -2.32M | -1.41M | 198K | 525K | 489K | 490K | 35K | 735K | 920K | 476K | 182K | 450K |
| Working Capital Changes | -208.4M | -236.36M | -49.37M | -76.89M | -77.57M | -44.14M | 5.01M | 1.77M | -15.95M | -16.87M | -8.45M | -6.62M | -2.79M | 3.15M | 11.37M | -11.1M | 320K | 6.59M | -4.37M | 871K | -4.93M | -6.5M | 1.95M | -5.64M | 830K | 4.83M | -2.83M | -1.57M | -2.48M | -2.32M | -83K |
| Change in Receivables | -123.01M | -167.02M | -10.04M | -9.98M | -47.51M | -9.74M | 16.04M | 174K | -2.83M | -7.52M | 7.05M | -5.88M | -5.01M | 4.66M | 69K | 6.05M | -6.4M | 5.5M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Change in Inventory | -115.15M | -73.88M | 27.08M | -16.23M | -71.41M | -45.95M | -9.73M | 2.56M | -5.6M | -23.7M | -9.48M | -1.06M | -5.61M | 231K | 2.27M | -1.3M | -4.81M | 7.24M | -4.78M | -2.1M | -5.79M | -2.84M | -698K | -5.42M | -1.02M | 1.77M | -3.32M | -256K | -1.71M | -1.53M | -59K |
| Change in Payables | 81.65M | 52.9M | 16.96M | -18.32M | 11.57M | 10.9M | -2.15M | 280K | -1.18M | 3.04M | 654K | -5.11M | 3.51M | -5.2M | 2.46M | -2.75M | 6.52M | -6.33M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash from Investing | -193.31M | -192.42M | -213.07M | -109.31M | -76.21M | -158.72M | -61.27M | -37.05M | -34.63M | -31.05M | -16.93M | -23.19M | -6.03M | -31.33M | -30.34M | -24.54M | -28.28M | -9.64M | -9.59M | -10.75M | -16.78M | -8.19M | -11.74M | -7.63M | -16.12M | -8.82M | -10.73M | -6.65M | -4.77M | -8.96M | -2.05M |
| Capital Expenditures | -199.58M | -204.89M | -213.15M | -109.49M | -54.02M | -55.36M | -67.8M | -37.17M | -37.27M | -41.71M | -26.6M | -20.97M | -16.13M | -9.04M | -14.15M | -35.91M | -17.47M | -9.77M | -9.61M | -10.87M | -17.78M | -10.14M | -16.98M | -7.7M | -6.13M | -9.02M | -10.74M | -6.69M | -4.84M | -9.04M | -2.05M |
| CapEx % of Revenue | 12.34% | 14.21% | 17.75% | 9.37% | 6.08% | 10.36% | 13.18% | 7.92% | 8.59% | 10.29% | 6.93% | 5.85% | 4.53% | 2.82% | 4.67% | 13.49% | 7.14% | 3.98% | 3.44% | 4.14% | 7.68% | 5.48% | 9.8% | 5.17% | 3.95% | 5.73% | 6.93% | 5.07% | 4.53% | 11.06% | 3.27% |
| Acquisitions | -235K | 40K | 0 | 0 | -249K | -103.43M | 0 | 0 | -6.38M | 10K | 28K | 63K | 319K | 92K | 11K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30K | -1.78M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Investments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other Investing | 6.26M | 12.44M | 76K | 180K | -21.94M | 73K | 6.53M | 120K | 66K | 60K | 52K | 54K | 63K | 69K | 69K | 2.01M | -11.42M | 135K | 17K | 123K | 0 | -75K | 13K | 74K | -9.99M | 200K | 11K | 40K | 70K | 81K | 0 |
| Cash from Financing | 148.29M | 188M | 18.03M | -46.51M | 17.36M | 18.73M | -29.63M | -18.5M | -39.68M | -29.64M | -30.75M | -43.76M | -36.38M | -13.34M | -17.69M | -4.33M | -27.2M | -10.1M | -24.46M | -20.04M | -3.33M | -4.2M | -9.86M | -7.73M | -1.86M | -13.96M | -3.31M | -5.3M | -1.04M | 4.07M | -2.55M |
| Debt Issued (Net) | 172.51M | 243.19M | 120.99M | -26.61M | 30.89M | 40M | 0 | 6.61M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -4.58M | 4.58M | -76K | -3.04M | 2.78M | 271K | -108K | -108K | -5.36M | 1.79M | 1.25M | -11.84M | 6.64M | -4.7M | -1.29M | 3.96M | -2.57M |
| Equity Issued (Net) | 17.39M | -12.85M | -68.17M | 8.25M | 10.4M | 272K | -8.64M | -6.96M | -21.86M | -14.36M | -17.25M | -34.35M | -27.97M | -6.75M | -4.66M | -3.18M | -18.31M | -1.89M | -23.07M | -18.35M | -2.6M | -4.09M | -4.5M | -9.52M | -3.12M | -2.11M | -9.96M | -600K | 252K | 107K | 19K |
| Dividends Paid | -32.65M | -32.6M | -26.08M | -26.45M | -22.92M | -19.95M | -19.82M | -16.64M | -16.73M | -13.66M | -12.68M | -11.86M | -9.66M | -7.43M | -8.84M | -5.93M | -9.17M | -5.87M | -5.79M | -4.96M | -2.48M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Share Repurchases | 1.54M | -30M | -100.03M | -25.01M | -12.74M | -20.88M | -30.06M | -19.59M | -26.85M | -16.62M | -19.32M | -37.14M | -29.28M | -8.22M | -6.66M | -3.67M | -19.48M | -3.13M | -24.76M | -20.77M | -3.85M | -4.91M | -4.98M | -9.92M | -3.98M | -2.79M | -10.37M | -800K | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Financing | -8.96M | -9.73M | -8.7M | -1.7M | -1.02M | -1.59M | -1.17M | -1.51M | -1.1M | -1.61M | -823K | 2.44M | 1.24M | 843K | 393K | 211K | 356K | 703K | 1.61M | 3M | 1.85M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1K | -4K | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Net Change in Cash | -1.28M | -5.28M | -2.51M | 3.07M | 2.46M | -78.8M | 37.91M | 42.38M | -19.46M | -2.7M | 16.25M | -14.04M | 9.87M | 8.93M | 3.15M | -2.38M | -23.25M | 25.37M | -610K | 591K | -549K | -157K | -5.19M | 1.11M | 3.95M | 1.11M | -8K | 0 | -1K | -112K | -525K |
| Free Cash Flow | -145.22M | -191.42M | -3.13M | 54.6M | 7.29M | 5.82M | 61.01M | 60.76M | 17.59M | 16.28M | 37.32M | 31.94M | 36.15M | 44.55M | 37.02M | -9.43M | 14.68M | 35.43M | 23.84M | 20.37M | 1.65M | 1.82M | -817K | 8.77M | 15.8M | 14.86M | 3.3M | 5.26M | 972K | -4.26M | 2.03M |
| FCF Margin % | -8.98% | -13.27% | -0.26% | 4.67% | 0.82% | 1.09% | 11.86% | 12.95% | 4.05% | 4.02% | 9.72% | 8.91% | 10.15% | 13.87% | 12.21% | -3.54% | 6% | 14.45% | 8.52% | 7.76% | 0.71% | 0.98% | -0.47% | 5.89% | 10.19% | 9.45% | 2.13% | 3.99% | 0.91% | -5.22% | 3.22% |
| FCF Growth % | -29.24% | -6019.69% | -105.73% | 648.57% | 25.3% | -90.46% | 0.42% | 245.46% | 8.03% | -56.37% | 16.83% | -11.64% | -18.85% | 20.34% | 492.58% | -164.23% | -58.56% | 48.64% | 17% | 1136.98% | -9.6% | 323.01% | -109.32% | -44.52% | 6.35% | 350.91% | -37.39% | 441.56% | 122.79% | -310.51% | 237.67% |
| FCF per Share | -1.75 | -2.30 | -0.04 | 0.66 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.47 | 0.59 | 0.44 | 0.80 | 0.44 | -0.17 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.03 | -0.01 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.01 | -0.06 | 0.03 |
| FCF Conversion (FCF/Net Income) | -1.23x | -0.01x | 1.14x | 0.89x | 0.61x | 1.04x | 1.63x | 1.82x | 1.30x | 1.06x | 1.20x | 1.21x | 1.21x | 1.43x | 1.86x | 1.89x | 1.47x | 1.63x | 1.17x | 1.35x | 1.13x | 1.04x | 2.15x | 1.16x | 1.50x | 1.69x | 1.10x | 1.23x | 1.11x | 1.58x | 1.97x |
| Interest Paid | 3.71M | 0 | 2.81M | 4.82M | 2.41M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1K | 44K | 277K | 45K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Taxes Paid | 12.28M | 0 | 49.92M | 63.38M | 19.29M | 7.89M | 0 | 0 | 14.98M | 16.95M | 27.35M | 24.13M | 26.46M | 19.88M | 15.13M | 6.38M | 7.8M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Negative Working Capital Cycles
As reported in recent financial statements, AAON's OCF/NI ratio has frequently dipped below 1.0, including a negative -1.41 reading in 2025Q2, indicating that reported net income is not being effectively converted into cash, which warrants significant investor caution regarding the underlying quality of earnings.
The persistent gap between net income and operating cash flow suggests that accounting profits are being heavily impacted by non-cash items or, more concerningly, by aggressive accruals. Investors should monitor whether this divergence stems from temporary timing differences in revenue recognition or a structural inability to collect cash from the increasingly complex project-based contracts.
Based on the provided cash flow data, AAON's FCF margin has trended into negative territory for seven of the last ten quarters, reaching a low of -28.6% in 2024Q4, which highlights a significant deterioration in the company's ability to generate surplus cash after accounting for capital expenditures.
The consistent failure to produce positive free cash flow suggests that the company's current growth phase is extremely capital-intensive. This trajectory implies that the business model may be struggling to scale profitably, as the cash required to support operations and infrastructure expansion currently exceeds the cash generated from core activities.
According to historical cash flow filings, AAON's CapEx/Rev ratio reached a peak of 33.4% in 2024Q4, signaling a period of aggressive investment that appears to be placing substantial pressure on the company's liquidity and overall cash flow generation capabilities.
The elevated capital intensity suggests that the company is heavily reinvesting in its manufacturing footprint, likely to accommodate the specialized requirements of the BasX segment. While this may support long-term competitive positioning, the current level of spending appears to be a primary driver of the company's recent cash flow volatility.
As evidenced by the cash flow statements, AAON experienced a significant working capital outflow of $69.3 million in 2025Q3, reflecting a recurring trend of cash being trapped in inventory or uncollected receivables that severely limits the company's operational flexibility.
The frequent and large negative working capital changes suggest that the company's cash conversion cycle is lengthening, likely due to the project-based nature of its data center and cleanroom business. This trend implies that the company may be forced to rely on external financing or credit facilities to bridge the gap between project initiation and final payment.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying AAON stock.
AAON, Inc. (AAON) generated $-0.9M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
AAON, Inc. (AAON) reported negative free cash flow of $191.4M in 2025, indicating capital requirements exceeded cash from operations.
AAON, Inc. (AAON) spent $204.9M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, AAON, Inc. (AAON) returned $32.6M to shareholders via cash dividends and spent $30.0M on share repurchases. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.