Cash conversion efficiency is hindered by high capital intensity, as seen in 2025Q4 where AFFO of $88.6M significantly trailed FFO of $149.8M due to substantial maintenance requirements.
| Metric | TTM | Dec'25 | Dec'24 | Dec'23 | Dec'22 | Dec'21 | Dec'20 | Dec'19 | Dec'18 | Dec'17 | Dec'16 | Dec'15 | Dec'14 | Dec'13 | Dec'12 | Dec'11 | Dec'10 | Dec'09 | Dec'08 | Dec'07 | Dec'06 | Dec'05 | Dec'04 | Dec'03 | Dec'02 | Dec'01 | Dec'00 | Dec'99 | Dec'98 | Dec'97 | Dec'96 |
|---|
| Cash from Operations | 573.13M | 571.15M | 596.72M | 548M | 475.81M | 509.03M | 417.41M | 443.52M | 414.08M | 377.99M | 352.36M | 352.88M | 285.75M | 255.35M | 236.44M | 175.64M | 163.31M | 150.53M | 114.05M | 122.79M | 99.46M | 90.33M | 46.73M | 75.16M | 80.18M | 80.71M | 68M | 72.58M | 71.98M | 54.6M | 49.7M |
| Operating CF Growth % | -14.49% | -4.29% | 8.89% | 15.17% | -6.52% | 21.95% | -5.89% | 7.11% | 9.55% | 7.27% | -0.15% | 23.5% | 11.9% | 8% | 34.62% | 7.55% | 8.49% | 31.98% | -7.12% | 23.46% | 10.11% | 93.28% | -37.82% | -6.25% | -0.66% | 18.69% | -6.31% | 0.84% | 31.83% | 9.86% | 20.34% |
| Operating CF / Revenue % | 36.7% | 37.3% | 41.63% | 39.02% | 34.61% | 38.69% | 38.64% | 43.46% | 42.76% | 41.45% | 41.15% | 43.71% | 37.53% | 35.8% | 35.32% | 31.11% | 32.2% | 29.91% | 24.6% | 19.92% | 24.09% | 23.4% | 13.94% | 28.97% | 31.97% | 38.63% | 31.65% | 33.75% | 36.94% | 44.21% | 47.24% |
| Net Income | 385.22M | 402.06M | 384.82M | 329.68M | 298.82M | 276M | 241.42M | 295.92M | 226.39M | 210.38M | 187.13M | 150.51M | 138.47M | 125.91M | 74.46M | 42.5M | 60.4M | 56.26M | 38.74M | 32.1M | 16.63M | -2.33M | 4.03M | 27.01M | 36.45M | 32.08M | 31.95M | 27.77M | 28.93M | 29.1M | 24.3M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | 215.88M | 213.74M | 209.4M | 209.1M | 207.05M | 191.43M | 157.76M | 153.98M | 138.69M | 124.95M | 121.89M | 117.06M | 115.87M | 112.44M | 150.7M | 113.71M | 72.13M | 76.76M | 71.66M | 72.58M | 65.38M | 61.63M | 55.49M | 44.43M | 38.06M | 40.72M | 36.51M | 33.87M | 31.24M | 22.1M | 17.9M |
| Stock-Based Compensation | 7.07M | 7.25M | 9.37M | 17.83M | 8.76M | 12.69M | 13.06M | 7.64M | 11.17M | 10.7M | 6.25M | 973K | 1.9M | 1.91M | 782K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other Non-Cash Items | -8.79M | -14.69M | -30M | 34.18M | -38.42M | -4.93M | 862K | -60.16M | -11.17M | -4.88M | -17.33M | 12.34M | -3.34M | -5.29M | -1.65M | 8.74M | 12.95M | -2.55M | 4.08M | 12.33M | 19.04M | 30.53M | 28.37M | 7.17M | 10.88M | 9.12M | 8.46M | 9.49M | 9.86M | 2.4M | -3.5M |
| Working Capital Changes | -40.19M | -36M | 23.49M | -32.29M | -404K | 33.83M | 4.32M | 46.15M | 49.01M | 36.84M | 54.41M | 63.42M | 25.28M | 20.38M | 12.15M | 8.87M | 17.11M | 20.05M | -430K | 5.78M | -1.59M | 494K | -41.15M | -3.45M | -5.2M | -1.21M | -8.92M | 1.45M | 1.95M | 1M | 11M |
| Cash from Investing | -280.2M | -277.08M | -217.84M | -324.75M | -402.07M | -828.43M | -401.25M | -352.09M | -398.06M | -305.36M | -218.6M | -120.71M | -127.89M | -37.85M | -86.56M | -701.85M | -98.93M | -34.89M | -33.2M | -25.6M | -67.09M | -66.25M | -366.65M | -598K | -72.97M | -23.07M | 23.1M | -37.87M | -262.76M | -239.4M | -61M |
| Acquisitions (Net) | -999K | -9.69M | -10.34M | -9.28M | -26.41M | -91.46M | 0 | -983K | -4.5M | -33.34M | -5.13M | -4M | -3.49M | -2.64M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -8.22M | -7.24M | -29.38M | 0 | 0 | -310.89M | -6.84M | -57.21M | 0 | -3.76M | -2.28M | -7.58M | 0 | 0 |
| Purchase of Investments | -149K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -52.27M | 0 | -2.49M | -3.66M | -9.16M | 0 | 0 | -1.53M | -7.82M | 0 | -3.76M | 0 | 0 | 0 | -300K |
| Sale of Investments | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52.27M | 1.18M | 949K | 0 | 0 | 1.65M | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 399K | 2M | 14K |
| Other Investing | -41.87M | -30.3M | 33.78M | 1.61M | -126.38M | -532.7M | -233.3M | -93.11M | -211.95M | -145.96M | -94.03M | -22.91M | -60.67M | 29.5M | -11.3M | -40.99M | 786K | 2.49M | 2.12M | 32.21M | 7.66M | 4.6M | -42.1M | 35.57M | 73.08M | 17.89M | 51.46M | 9.51M | -14.5M | 26M | -9.91M |
| Cash from Financing | -301.17M | -292.51M | -384.24M | -215.66M | -174.8M | 418.74M | -20.96M | -131.54M | 17.32M | -98.8M | -158.44M | -225.63M | -142.57M | -196.19M | -183.21M | 584.01M | -196.84M | -15.82M | -41.26M | -93.01M | -31.38M | -28.77M | -514K | 243.91M | -1.29M | -59.13M | -94.93M | -41.69M | 203.53M | 185.45M | 10.86M |
| Dividends Paid | -412.57M | -405M | -367.73M | -342.58M | -310.96M | -275.72M | -256.95M | -229.22M | -202.64M | -182.33M | -161.17M | -141.77M | -120.74M | -77.47M | -110.8M | -72.42M | -58.6M | -48.11M | -38.92M | -32.01M | -23.57M | -16.63M | -237.07M | -65.69M | -58.31M | -58.11M | -56.3M | -40.45M | -46.49M | -46.9M | -33.1M |
| Common Dividends | -412.57M | -404.99M | -367.71M | -342.56M | -310.94M | -275.7M | -256.93M | -229.2M | -202.62M | -175.4M | -151.94M | -132.55M | -111.47M | -68.19M | -96.19M | -55.8M | -42.46M | -48.11M | -38.92M | -32.01M | -23.57M | -16.63M | -237.07M | -65.69M | -58.31M | -58.11M | -56.3M | -40.45M | -46.49M | -46.9M | -33.1M |
| Debt Issuance (Net) | 2M | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | -1000K | 1000K | 1000K | 1000K |
| Share Repurchases | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -229K | -62K | 0 | -1.12M | -65.14M | -1.68M | -2.05M | -1.38M | -600K | -883K | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -41K | -54.59M | -99.8M | 0 | -7.3M | 0 |
| Other Financing | -4.87M | -5.19M | -17.23M | -7.24M | -8.17M | -16.3M | -20.04M | -618K | -5.23M | -10.69M | 7.64M | -22.81M | -12.79M | -42.61M | 779K | -10.28M | -1.15M | 3.28M | 1.58M | -20.36M | -3.43M | 347.47M | -13.05M | -116.3M | -584K | -631K | -6.18M | -105.53M | 22.72M | 0 | 100K |
| Net Change in Cash | -8.24M | 1.56M | -5.36M | 7.59M | -101.05M | 99.34M | -4.8M | -40.11M | 30.34M | -25.25M | -23.92M | 6.54M | 15.29M | 21.3M | -33.32M | 57.8M | -132.47M | 99.82M | 39.53M | 4.18M | 995K | -4.7M | -320.44M | 318.47M | 5.92M | -1.49M | -3.83M | -6.98M | 12.75M | 585K | -436K |
| Exchange Rate Effect | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cash at Beginning | 26.13M | 24.58M | 29.94M | 22.35M | 123.4M | 24.06M | 28.86M | 68.97M | 35.63M | 56.34M | 80.26M | 73.71M | 58.43M | 37.13M | 70.46M | 12.66M | 145.13M | 45.31M | 5.79M | 1.6M | 610K | 5.3M | 325.74M | 7.27M | 1.35M | 2.85M | 6.68M | 13.66M | 909K | 324K | 760K |
| Cash at End | 39.24M | 26.13M | 24.58M | 29.94M | 22.35M | 123.4M | 24.06M | 28.86M | 65.97M | 31.09M | 56.34M | 80.26M | 73.71M | 58.43M | 37.14M | 70.46M | 12.66M | 145.13M | 45.31M | 5.79M | 1.6M | 610K | 5.3M | 325.74M | 7.27M | 1.35M | 2.85M | 6.68M | 13.66M | 909K | 324K |
| Free Cash Flow | 335.95M | 334.06M | 355.44M | 230.92M | 226.54M | 304.76M | 249.46M | 185.53M | 232.46M | 251.94M | 232.93M | 259.08M | 222.02M | 190.63M | 161.19M | 113.61M | 114.68M | 120.41M | 88.46M | 94.36M | 32.22M | 19.48M | 33.07M | 47.37M | -846K | 39.75M | 47.16M | 27.48M | -169.1M | -212.8M | -1.1M |
| FCF Growth % | -6.57% | -6.02% | 53.92% | 1.93% | -25.67% | 22.17% | 34.46% | -20.19% | -7.73% | 8.16% | -10.1% | 16.69% | 16.47% | 18.27% | 41.88% | -0.93% | -4.76% | 36.12% | -6.25% | 192.86% | 65.43% | -41.1% | -30.18% | 5698.94% | -102.13% | -15.71% | 71.61% | 116.25% | 20.54% | -19245.45% | -103.31% |
| FCF / Revenue % | 21.52% | 21.81% | 24.8% | 16.44% | 16.48% | 23.16% | 23.09% | 18.18% | 24.01% | 27.63% | 27.2% | 32.09% | 29.16% | 26.73% | 24.08% | 20.12% | 22.61% | 23.93% | 19.08% | 15.31% | 7.81% | 5.05% | 9.87% | 18.26% | -0.34% | 19.02% | 21.95% | 12.78% | -86.79% | -172.31% | -1.05% |
Climate-related insurance cost volatility
Based on reported financial data, ELS maintains a consistent dividend payout ratio, with AFFO coverage ranging from 0.54x to 0.77x over the last ten quarters, suggesting that the company retains a meaningful buffer of distributable cash flow to support its ongoing capital allocation and dividend growth strategy.
The stability of the dividend payout relative to AFFO indicates that the REIT is not currently over-distributing its true free cash flow. Investors should monitor whether the recent uptick in the payout ratio toward the 0.77x level in 2025Q2 signals a structural shift in capital retention needs or merely temporary seasonal fluctuations in cash availability.
As indicated by the significant delta between FFO and AFFO, ELS consistently allocates substantial capital toward maintenance and leasing, with quarterly capex figures frequently exceeding $60 million, which appears to dampen the conversion of operating earnings into the cash available for distribution to shareholders.
The recurring nature of these capital outlays suggests that the portfolio requires ongoing investment to maintain its competitive position in the age-qualified MH and marina segments. Analysts should investigate whether this high capex intensity is a permanent feature of the marina integration or if it reflects a period of accelerated asset repositioning.
According to recent SEC filings, the relationship between GAAP operating cash flow and FFO remains volatile, with FFO/NI ratios fluctuating between 0.99 and 1.83, implying that non-cash adjustments and working capital timing significantly influence the reported earnings quality across the observed ten-quarter period.
This variance suggests that GAAP-based metrics are insufficient for evaluating the company's true cash-generating capacity. The inconsistency in conversion quality may be driven by the seasonal nature of the RV and marina segments, which complicates the predictability of cash inflows compared to the more stable manufactured housing base.
As reported in financial statements, the persistent gap between GAAP net income and FFO highlights the substantial impact of non-cash depreciation charges, which consistently obscure the actual cash-generating capacity of the company's manufactured housing and marina asset portfolio across the observed ten-quarter period.
The reliance on FFO as the primary performance metric is justified by the heavy depreciation of the company's physical assets, which artificially depresses GAAP net income. Investors should remain cautious, however, as FFO does not account for the recurring capital expenditures required to keep these assets operational, potentially overstating the true economic earnings of the REIT.
Quick answers to the most common questions about buying ELS stock.
Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. (ELS) generated $571.1M in net cash from operating activities in 2025. This reflects the cash generated directly from core business operations.
Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. (ELS) generated $334.1M in free cash flow in 2025. Free cash flow is the cash left over after capital expenditures, which can be used to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or pay down debt.
Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. (ELS) spent $237.1M on capital expenditures in 2025. CapEx represents the cash invested in physical assets like property, plant, and equipment to maintain or grow the business.
In 2025, Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. (ELS) returned $405.0M to shareholders via cash dividends. This shows the company's commitment to returning capital to its equity investors.